• 한국환경보건학회지
• /
• 제44권2호
• /
• pp.133-142
• /
• 2018

Objectives: The pathogenic Vibrios genus denotes halophilic bacteria that are distributed in aquatic environments, including both sea and freshwater. Vibrio cholerae, Vibrio vulnificus, and Vibrio parahaemolyticus are the most important species since they can be potent human pathogens and leading causes of septicemia, wound infections, and seafood borne gastroenteritis. The recent emergence of a potential pandemic clone, V. cholera serotype O1 and the cholera outbreak in South Korea in 2016 indicates the importance of consistent surveillance of pathogenic Vibrio genus within coastal areas. Methods: The present study was undertaken to determine where and how vibrios live in the aquatic environment adjacent to coastal areas of South Korea. For this survey, a total of 838 samples were obtained at 35 different sites in South Korean coastal areas during the period from January 2016 to December 2016. Pathogenic vibrios was determined using the real-time PCR method, and its clones were isolated using three selective plating media. We also monitored changes in seawater and atmospheric temperature, salinity, turbidity, and hydrogen ion concentration at the collection points. Results: The total isolation rates of V. vulnificus, V. cholera (non-pathogenic, non-O1, non-O139 serogroups), and V. parahaemolyticus from seawater specimens in 2016 were 14.2, 13.48, and 67.06%, respectively. Conclusions: The isolation rates of pathogenic vibrios genus showed a positive correlation with temperature of seawater and atmosphere but were negatively correlated with salinity and turbidity.

• 한국식품과학회지
• /
• 제25권5호
• /
• pp.449-455
• /
• 1993

장염 패혈증균으로 알려진 Vibrio vulnificus는 비교적 최근에 알려진 호염성균으로 이 균이 잠복된 어패류를 생식하면 사람에게 패혈증을 일으키며 높은 사망률을 나타내고 있다. 또한 이 균은 주로 해양환경에 서식하며 수온이 높은 하절기에 발생되고 있다. 본 실험에서는 전남 해안지역에서 해수, 개펄, 수족관내의 어패류와 주방환경의 시료원에서 장염 패혈증균의 분리율과 해수와 개펄의 이화학적인 성상과 일반 미생물 수, Vibrio균 수, Coloform 세균수의 분포를 조사한 결과 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 즉 조사된 총 314건의 시료원 중에서 37.9%의 Vibrio 균종의 분리율을 보였으며 V. vulnificus가 7.1%, V parahemolyticus가 9.6%, V. alginolyticus가 12.4%, V. sp.가 8.9%가 나타났다. 또한 V. vulnificus의 시료원별 분리율은 해수에서 33.3% 개펄에서 55.6%, 수족관내 어패류에서 1.7%, 주방환경에서 6.3%로서 개펄에서 가장 높은 분리율을 보였다. 각 지역별 V. vulnificus의 분리율은 대략3.6%에서 11.4%의 범위를 가지고 있었으며 무안, 해남에서 10% 이상의 높은 분리율을 보였다. 그러나 지역별의 분리율 차이는 크게 인정되지 않는 경향이었다. 어패류에 있어서 V. vulnificus의 분리율은 1.7%였으며 주방환경에서는 6.3%였다. 어종별에 따른 차이는 인정할 수가 없었고 행주와 도마에서 높은 분리율을 보였다. 전남 각 지역별의 해수의 이화학적 성상은 염도가 $13.3{\sim}24.8%$, pH는 $7.64{\sim}8.36$, COD는 $0.8{\sim}12.6ppm$, 총인은 $0.003{\sim}0.175ppm$, 총질소량이 $0.219{\sim}1.634ppm$의 범위를 가지고 있었다. 개펄의 이화학적 성상은 총 유기물량이 $2.12{\sim}8.26%$, COD량이 $0.539{\sim}1.562ppm$, 총인은 $0.012{\sim}0.203ppm$, 총질소량이 $0.244{\sim}1.738ppm$의 범위로 나타났다. 한편 해수의 총세균수는 $4.5{\times}10^3{\sim}3.5{\times}10^5\;CFU/ml$, Vibrio 균수는 $1.8{\times}10^2{\sim}4.6{\times}10^3\;CFU/ml$, Coliform 세균수는 $1.9{\times}10^1{\times}3.7{\times}10^2\;CFU/100ml$이었으며, 개펄의 총 세균수는 $4.8{\times}10^3{\sim}5.2{\times}10^5\;CFU/ml$, Vibrio 균수는 $1.9{\times}10^2{\sim}8.4{\times}10^4\;CFU/ml$, Coliform 세균수는 $7.2{\times}10^1{\sim}9.9{\times}10^2\;CFU/100ml$으로 나타났다.

• 미생물학회지
• /
• 제35권3호
• /
• pp.185-191
• /
• 1999

본 연구는 1997년 1월부터 1997년 11월까지 낙동강 기수지역인 다대포의 모래에서 서식하는 식용 쌍패각 조개인, 빛조개로부터 비브리오를 분리 동정한 것이다. 표현형을 중심으로 한 새와학적 성상으로 빛조개의 내장으로부터 Vibrio alginolyticus, V. parahaemolyticus, V. cholerae non-O1, V. vulnificus, V. salmonicida 및 V. tubiashii 등 8종의 비브리오가 동정되었다. 수온이 $15^{\circ}C$ 이하에서 성장이 불가능한 병원성 세균인 V.parahaemolyticus 가 동절기에 및조개로부터 분리됨으로서 빛조개가 자연계내에서 V.parahaemolyticus 의 월동 보균체중의 하나라는 결론을 얻게 되었다.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
• /
• 제36권2호
• /
• pp.69-75
• /
• 2004

Vibrio vulnificus is a halophilic bacterium frequently involved in human infection of seafood-associated primary septicemia and primary wound infection, mostly in men with over 40-years of age with underlying liver disease. The primary septicemia, which is the most common form of V. vulnificus infection in Korea, is defined as a systemic illness presenting fever or hypotension with recovery of V. vulnificus from blood or tissue without the apparent primary focus of infection. V. vulnificus typically do not produce acid from sucrose, but a case of primary septisemia was found in a patient at Chonnam K hospital in 1993 from whose blood a sucrose-fermenting strain was isolated. The patient was a 62-year-old man, heavy drinker, with underlying liver disease. He consumed a raw seafood dish two days before onset of the present illness. His symptoms were tenderness and swelling on the right foot. He rapidly developed septicemia, resulting in sudden death. V. vulnificus was isolated from the venous blood culture of the patient. On subculture, the isolate formed yellow colonies on TCBS and produced acid from sucrose. Because of these characteristics, species identification was not achieved by the API 20E and was delayed. Other characteristics of the isolate were identical to those of typical V. vulnificus. The isolate was common serotype O4A and possession of V. vulnificus-specific cytolysin gene was detected by PCR. The isolate was susceptible to all the antimicrobial agents tested including tetracycline, but was intermediate to colistin. In conclusion, it is important that microbiologists be aware of the presence of sucrose-positive V. vulnificus when he or she identifies gram-negative bacilli, which is isolated from the blood of patients with a recent history of raw seafood dish consumption.

• 대한미생물학회지
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.97-106
• /
• 1986

Authors studies on the isolation of V. vulnificus from sea water, sea mud fishes, shellfishes and algae at the seasides of Pusan, Masan, Chungmu and Ulsan in Korea in 1985. Authors carried out test for isolated strains to bacteriological test, hemolysis test about erythrocytes of various animal, sensitivity test of various chemotherapeutic agents and serological test with antiserum of V. vulnificus. The resultls obtained were as follows: 1. V. vulnificus was isolated 15 strains from 399 total specimens: 110 cases of sea water, 40 cases of sea mud, 90 cases of fishes, 60 cases of shellfishes and 79 cases of various algae, respectively. 2. Nine strains were isolalted from sea water, 4 strains were isolated from sea mud and 2 strains were isolated from fishes, respectively. 3. Two strains among 15 strains isolated were lactose positive reaction. 4. All strains isolated were grown in concentration of $0.5%{\sim}7.0%$ NaCl, but were not grown 0% and 8.0% NaCl. 5. Hemolysis reaction about various erythrocytes was sensitived to guinea pig, human and rabbit erythrocytes, but was not sensitived to sheep erythrocytes. 6. Sensitivity test using with chemotherapeutic agents of "BioLab" Microbial Sensitivity Test Discs were generally sensitived to amikacin, ampicillin, clindamycin, erythromycin, gentamycin, kanamycin, streptomycin, tetracyclin and tobramycin, and were moderate to penicillin, but were resistant to methicillin and lincomycin, respectively. 7. The distribution of serotypes of V. vulnificus isolated were on antiserum of $0.1{\sim}07$ of V. vulnificus: 1 case of 01 and 2 cases of 07, respectively.

• 한국환경보건학회지
• /
• 제29권2호
• /
• pp.94-102
• /
• 2003

This study was carried out to investigated the distribution and characteristics of Vibrio spp. isolated from fish and shellfish, seawater and brackish water samples collected from Pohang, Uljin, Yeongduk and Gyeongju in Gyeongbuk Province from April 2000 to October 2000. Total 155 strains of genus Vibrio were isolated from 439 collected samples, and numbers of isolated strains of V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus were 140 and 15, respectively. The isolation rate from the samples collected in Pohang was the highest as 41.5% (76 strains), and wat the highest as 71.4% (30 strains) in brackish water, and was the highest as 55.7% (34 strains) in August. And the optimal pH, temperature, and NaCl concentration for growth of V. parahaemolyticus and V. cholerae were 8.0, 3$0^{\circ}C$ and 2.0％, respectively. In a resistance test for environmental factors, heat and cold resistants of V. parahaemolyticus were higher than those of V. vulnificus, withstanding for 15 minutes at 6$0^{\circ}C$ and 6 days at -18$^{\circ}C$. The pH range for existence of V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus were 4.5~l1.0 and 4.5~10.0, showing the similar resistance to pH. V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus could grow in media containing up to 10.0% and 7.0% NaCl, respectively, Salt-tolerance of V. parahaemolyticus was higher than that of V. vulnificus. In an antibiotics sensitivity test against 16 strains of V. parahaemolyticus, twelve strains were resistant to ampicillin, eight strains were resistant to cephalothin. one strain was resistant to streptomycin, and one strain was resistant to ticarcillin.

• 환경위생공학
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.31-38
• /
• 2008

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of environmental factor such as temperature, salinity, turbidity, pH and dissolved oxygen on the growth of Vibrio spp.. In this survey, total 56 seawater samples were obtained from 8 different sites of the Incheon coastal area during the periods from april 2008 to october 2008. Enumeration of Vibrio spp. was determined by using the most probable number(MPN) procedure. Isolation rates of V. parahaemolyticus, V. vulnificus, V. cholerae in all samples tested were 44.0%, 21.4% and 13.1%, respectively. The enumeration of Vibrio spp. was very low correlated with water temperature and pH and negatively correlated with salinity, dissolved oxygen and turbidity. We found salinity to be the parameter most highly correlated with the enumeration of Vibrio spp. The highest rate of antibiotic resistance of V.vulnificus and V.parahaemolyticus was Cefazolin(11.5%), Ampicillin(70.8%), respectively.

• 한국동물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국동물학회 1998년도 한국생물과학협회 학술발표대회
• /
• pp.330.1-330
• /
• 1998

No Abstract, See Full Text

• 한국동물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국동물학회 1998년도 한국생물과학협회 학술발표대회
• /
• pp.326.2-326
• /
• 1998

No Abstract, See Full Text

• 한국식품영양학회지
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.108-113
• /
• 2007

In this study, a halophilic protease-producing bacterium was isolated from the west seaside mud flats of Korea. The 16S rDNA nucleotide sequences of the isolate showed 99.5% sequence homology with those of Vibrio vulnificus and Vibrio fluvialis; therefore, the isolate was named Vibrio sp. YH-127. Gram staining and the carbohydrate metabolism test results supported the isolate as one from the Vibrio family. Optimum condition for the cell growth and for the protease activity were obtained when the isolate was cultured at 25$^{\circ}C$ and pH 7.0, with the salt concentration of the medium similar to that of sea water. Finally, the addition of Mg$^{++}$ ions into medium increases protease activity suggesting that the protease produced by the isolate was a metalloprotease.