• 농업과학연구
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.299-304
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• 2015

This study was conducted to investigate growth characteristics to develop the technique to select resistant cultivar by wet injury at an early stage through the automatic irrigation maintaining 30, 20, 10 kPa respectively using native variety, Chunpoong, Yunpoong, Gumpoong and Sunun. The aerial growth was decreased at 10 kPa compared to 30 kPa. In addition, the survival rate was decreased by 66.6%, 62.3%, 33.8% at 30, 20, 10 kPa, respectively. The survival rate of Chunpoong and Gumpoong were higher than others at 10 kPa. While root growth characteristics such as root length, root weight, number of lateral root and side root were tended to decrease, root diam was no significant or increased. And the more humid condition is, the more the incidence rate of rusty root and rough skin were tended to increase. The epidermal thickness of Chunpoong and Gumpoong was increased but the figures of native variety, Yunpoong and Sunun were decreased at 10 kPa compared to 30 kPa. But, the tissue stiffness of root was decreased at 10 kPa compared to 30 kPa.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제60권7호
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• pp.232-236
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• 2017

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare disease in children characterized by intra-alveolar accumulation of surfactant proteins, which severely reduces gaseous exchange. Whole lung lavage (WLL) is the preferred technique for the treatment of severe PAP. Herein, we present a pediatric case of PAP treated with WLL. An 11-year-old boy was admitted with the chief complaint of a dry cough lasting 6 months. He developed symptoms of dyspnea on exertion and had difficulty in climbing stairs. He was ultimately diagnosed with PAP through video-assisted thoracoscopic lung biopsy. As first-line of treatment for PAP, he underwent therapeutic WLL for each of his lungs on separate days. After a brief recovery, his symptoms gradually worsened; therefore, he underwent a second WLL. This is the first pediatric case of PAP relapse despite successful WLL in Korea.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.79-97
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• 2010

본 연구의 목적은 연 증발접시 증발량의 수문학적 분해를 위하여 신경망모형을 적용하는데 있다. 신경망 모형은 각각 다층 퍼셉트론 신경망모형(MLP-NNM)과 지지벡터기구 신경망모형(SVM-NNM)으로 구성되어 있다. 그리고 신경망모형의 수행평가를 위하여 훈련 및 테스트과정으로 구성되었다. 신경망모형의 훈련과정을 위하여 실측, 모의 및 혼합자료와 같은 세 가지 형태의 자료가 사용되었으며, 테스트과정을 위해서는 실측자료만 이용되었다. 평가를 위하여 4가지의 통계학적 지표(CC, RMSE, E, AARE)가 각각 제시되었으며, ANOVA 및 Mann-Whitney U 검증을 이용하여 실측 및 계산된 월 증발접시 증발량자료에 동질성검증을 실시하였다. 본 연구를 통하여 비선형 시계열자료의 수문학적 분해를 위해서 MLP-NNM과 SVM-NNM의 적용성을 평가하였다. 게다가 연 증발접시 증발량 자료의 수문학적 분해로부터 신뢰성있는 월 증발접시 증발량자료를 구축할 수 있을 것이며, 관개배수 네트워크 시스템의 평가를 위한 이용가능한 자료를 제공할 수 있을 것이다.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.79-83
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• 2009

Purpose: Avulsion injuries of digits have been presented for a long time as complex management problems. Despite of microsurgical advances, it is difficult to achieve good functional results and their management remains somewhat controversial. However, in a finger there are three transverse digital palmar arches. The middle and distal transverse digital palmar arches are consistently large(almost 1 mm) and may be used for arterial vessel repairs either proximally or distally, depending on the length and direction needed. 39-year-old man presented with avulsion amputation of the ulnar three digits, was operated using only arterial anastomosis with rerouting the transverse digital palmar arches. Methods: Replantation was performed using the artery-only technique. Because the digital arteries had been damaged, we did that the transverse digital palmar arches were transposed in an inverted Y to I configuration and were lengthened with rerouting them for the purpose of direct anastomosis of the digital artery. Venous drainage was provided by an external bleeding method with partial nail excision and external heparin irrigation. Results: The authors conclude that complete avulsion amputations with only soft tissue at the distal to insertion of the flexor digitorum superficialis tendon were salvageable with acceptable functional results. All three fingers survived. Conclusion: With technical advancements, the transverse digital palmar arches play an important role for finger amputation. Three digital palmar arches give us additional treatment option for the finger amputation. In this case, replantation with only-arterial anastomosis was successful and we obtained good aesthetic and functional outcome.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.474-480
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• 2005

We evaluated the need for prophylactic postoperative oral antibiotic medication in extraction of asymptomatic impacted mandibular third molars. All patient didn't show sign of pain, inflammation, swelling and trismus at the time of extraction. In the experimental group, oral antibiotic medication(Amoxicillin) was carried out for 5 days postoperatively. In the control group, the patients received no antibiotic medication. All groups didn't use antibiotic irrigation solution. Rule of group composition randomized. The surgical technique was the same in all cases. Parameters that were evaluated were infection, pain, facial swelling, trismus. We could not find any significant difference between the experimental and control groups.(P<0.05) The results of our study show that post operative oral prophylactic antibiotic medication after the extraction of impacted mandibular third molars does not contribute to less infection, pain, facial swelling and increased mouth opening after surgery. Therefore we suggest that prophylactic postoperative oral antibiotic medication is not needed in extraction of asymptomatic impacted mandibular third molars.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.66-77
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to propose a standard putting green management program to prepare fast green suitable for international golf tournaments, and to conform whether the reported green speed model can be applied to the real field situations. The west course of Lakeside Country Club was selected for the case study. This study was initiated on August 1st, 2001 and continued through October 4th, 2001. The results are summarized as follows: 1. Following the long-term schedule, 'penncross' creeping bentgrass turf was mowed at 5.0mm(37days), 4.5mm(8days), 4.0mm(4days), 3.5mm(2days), 3.2mm(2days), 3.0mm(2days), 2.8mm(2days) and the mowing direction was changed daily. Variation of mowing height was reduced to a minimum range. Core aerification with deep tines was applied 19 days prior to the first practice round. Dry sand maintenance was top-dressed 2 times at 1.5mm/$m^2$ on the 17th day and 1.0mm/$m^2$ on the 10th day. Minimum irrigation was applied to keep the turf alive. During the tournament preparation week, dew on the putting greens was removed by using a sponge roller. Following the dew removal, the greens were cut once each morning at a height of 2.8mm. The mower used was the 21 inch working behind mower equipped with a tournament bedknife and 11 reel blades. Following the mowing, the peens were rolled with a light-weight roller in one direction in the morning. Rolling was used as a finishing technique to ensure that the surface was as smooth as possible, and to provide true ball roll and maximum green speed. In conclusion these management practices satisfied the daily green stimpmeter readings required for USGA championship play. 2. During the period of tournament preparation, no damage was observed on the green, but scalping in green edge appeared in about 0.39% of the total area of 18 greens in the west course.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.116-122
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• 2000

On the instrumented root canal wall, amorphous, irregular smear layer can be observed with Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the presence or absence of smear layer on the adhesion of Staphylococcus aureus to the dentin of the root canal. Human incisors, extracted within 7 days, with no caries, no fracture, no calcification of canal, were selected. After cutting crown portion at cemento-enamel junction, root canal preparation was done by modified crown-down technique using Profile and Gates - Glidden Drill. During canal preparation, 10ml physiologic saline solution(group1&3) or 10ml 3.5% NaOCl(group2&4) was used as irrigation solution. And 10ml physiologic saline solution(group1&3) or 10ml 0.5M EDTA(group2&4) was applicated for final flush. After vertical sectioning and ethylene oxide gas sterilization, samples(group1&2) were immersed into BHIYHM broth inoculated with Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 31153) and incubated for 3hrs at $37^{\circ}C$. All samples were prepared for and observed with SEM(JEOL JSM840S). The data were analyzed by Mann-Whitney rank sum test. The conclusions are as follows ; 1. Smear layer covers entire root canal surface after root canal preparation. 2. Smear layer has been removed away and the entrances of dentinal tubules have opened widely, when applying 0.5M EDTA and 3.5% NaOCl. 3. A significantly higher number of bacteria were adhered to the root canal dentin without smear layer(p<0.0001). 4. Smear layer produced during root canal preparation impedes bacterial adhesion and colonization to dentin matrix, therefore inhibits canal reinfection.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.44-49
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• 2015

Objectives: This study compared the ability of several techniques to remove calcium hydroxide (CH) from the root canal and determined the influence of CH residues on the accuracy of the electronic apex locator. Materials and Methods: Root canals of 90 human maxillary lateral incisors with confirmed true working length (TWL) were prepared and filled with CH. The teeth were randomly assigned to one of the experimental groups according to the CH removal technique (n = 14): 0.9% saline; 0.9% saline + master apical file (MAF); 17% ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA); 17% EDTA + MAF; 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl); 5.25% NaOCl + MAF. Six teeth were used as negative control. After CH removal, the electronic working length was measured using Root-ZX (Morita Corp.) and compared with TWL to evaluate Root-ZX accuracy. All specimens were sectioned longitudinally, and the area of remaining CH (CH) and total canal area were measured using imaging software. Results: The EDTA + MAF and NaOCl + MAF groups showed better CH removal than other groups (p < 0.05). Root-ZX reliability to prevent overestimated working length to be > 85% within a tolerance of ${\pm}1.0mm$ (p < 0.05). There was strong negative correlation between amount of CH residues and EAL accuracy (r = -0.800 for ${\pm}0.5mm$; r = -0.940 for ${\pm}1.0mm$). Conclusions: The mechanical instrumentation improves the CH removal of irrigation solutions although none of the techniques removed the dressing completely. Residues of CH medication in root canals affected the accuracy of Root-ZX adversely.

• 한국잡초학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.279-288
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• 2011

친환경 벼 재배를 위한 효과적인 잡초관리 방법을 제시하고자 호남 및 충남지역에 위치한 친환경 농업단지에서 있는 농가포장을 대상으로 잡초 발생 양상, 관리 실태 및 쌀 수량 등을 조사하였다. 친환경 농업지역의 잡초방제 관리실태는 왕우렁이농법> 오리농법> 쌀겨농법> 자라농법 순으로 감소하였다. 친환경 농법별우점 초종은 왕우렁이농법에서 피, 여뀌바늘, 물달개비, 벗풀, 사마귀풀이, 오리농법에서 피, 물달개비, 여뀌바늘, 자귀풀, 미국가막사리가, 쌀겨농법에서 피, 물달개비, 여뀌바늘, 여뀌, 올방개 등이었다. 친환경 농법별 쌀 수량은 제초제 처리 농가($5.2\;MT\;ha^{-1}$)와 비교하여 오리농법 93%, 왕우렁이농법 91%, 쌀겨농법 92%, 자라농법 78%이었다. 쌀 품위 중 완전립율, 사미, 착색립, 동할미, 피해립 등은 관행재배보다 낮았으며, 단백질, 아밀로스, 지방산은 관행재배와 유사하였다. 친환경 농업지구 관리 문제점은 논토양 정지 불균일, 배수관리 소홀, 냉수재배지 등 지형적 불리한 조건으로 잡초가 다발하거나 병해충 발생 및 도복 등으로 인하여 수량이 관행재배 대비 약 32~79%가 감소되었다. 따라서 논에서 친환경 농법으로 재배를 할 경우 지형적으로 불리한 지역에서 친환경 농법은 배제되어야 하며 균평작업을 통하여 토양 표면을 일정하게 유지시키는 것이 매우 중요한 것으로 확인 되었다.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.27-32
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• 2021

최근 기후변화로 인한 집중호우 및 태풍 등으로 농업용 저수지의 설계빈도를 초과하는 호우가 빈번히 발생하고 있어 농업용 저수지와 같은 수리시설물의 안전에 대한 관심이 증가하고 있다. 현재 국내에는 17,140여 개소의 저수지가 공용 중에 있으며, 이 중 83.87%가 1970년 이전에 건설되어 저수지의 노후화에 따른 안정성 확보를 위해 저수지 제체에 다양한 공법을 활용한 보수·보강을 실시하고 있다. 그 중 cement-bentonite 벽체를 활용한 공법은 굴착과 동시에 cement와 bentonite로 이루어진 slurry로 지중연속벽체를 시공하는 공법으로 시공방법이 간편하고 시공속도가 빠르며 굴착구역을 즉시 치환함으로 차수벽체의 균질성을 확보하여 성능이 우수하다는 장점이 있다. 그러나 이와같은 장점에도 불구하고 국내에서는 적용사례가 많지 않은 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 cement와 bentonite의 혼합량을 변화시켜가며 강도변화 및 투수특성 등을 구명하여 저수지 제체의 보수·보강을 위한 cement-bentonte 벽체의 적정혼합량은 cement 200kg/m³, bentonite 60~80kg/m³인 경우가 가장 적합하다는 결론을 도출하였다.