• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.313-321
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• 2013

The Average daily PET (Potential evapotranspiration), evaluated based on the last 30 years meteorological data and the lysimeter experiment carried out by RDA during 11 years, of 9 regions in Korea for the tomato cultivated in greenhouse, was $3.41mm\;day^{-1}$. Two kinds of water saving irrigation standard (WSIS), deficit irrigation standard (DIS) and partial root-zone drying irrigation standard (PRDIS) that include the irrigation interval and the amount of irrigation water according to the region, soil texture and growing stage, were established. According to the DIS and PRDIS, the cultivator can save water up to 29.2% and 53.7%, respectively, for tomato cultivation in greenhouse compared to the full irrigation standard (FIS) which established in 1999. WSIS can be used easily by the cultivator without complicate procedures such as soil sampling and measurement of soil water status by expensive sensors. But the cultivator should care about irrigation method such as PRDI (partial root-zone drying irrigation) without yield decrease.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.812-822
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• 2010

Water management is the most important and difficult problems in crop cultivation. The farmers are doing irrigation, those when to irrigate and how much to irrigate, depending on their experiences. The irrigation manual as water saving is possible, those irrigation interval and amount of irrigation, are developed based on the lysimeter experiments carried out by the RDA for 11 years about potential evapotranspiration, crop coefficient. The manual can be used with easy to the farmer without soil sampling and any kinds of sensors measuring soil water status.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.287-290
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• 2003

To devise better development plan, survey was conducted about current Farmer's irrigation Practice on upland in the Youngsan River Irrigation Project District IV. Major upland crops are garlic and onion in this region. Currently, upland irrigation is conducted using ground water. It is found that irrigation interval is $2{\sim}3$ day for dry-field rice and $3{\sim}7$ days for other crop, in general. Whole day is required to irrigate for many farmers due to lack of facilities and water source. Farmers have no intention to change staple crops even after completion of Irrigation Project of Youngsan River District IV.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.679-687
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• 2011

The water management of crop is different according to the area as well as climate condition and growth stage, however it is the most important and difficult problems for the farmers. The optimum irrigation manual those irrigation interval and amount of irrigation as water saving, are developed based on the lysimeter experiments carried out by the RDA for 11 years about PET (Potential Evapo-Transpiration), crop coefficient (Kc). The average PET (Potential Evapo-Transpiration) during 30 years of 45 regions for the autumn chinese cabbage cultivation was a $2.17mm\;day^{-1}$.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.32 no.6 s.107
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• pp.103-108
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• 2005

It was aimed to promote as a material for interior landscape by validating Rumohra aristata, in an indoor environment, especially irrigation interval, medium composition and drainage at indoor. 1. The result of physico-chemical analysis of medium composition showed that porosity, pH and Ex-Ca, Ex-Mg and Ex-K were high with peatmoss: vermiculite: perlite(1:1:1) and water contents, organic matter content, total nitrogen and cation exchange capacity were high with sand: leaf mold(1:1). 2. Growth and indoor adaptability of Rumohra aristata were better with irrigation at 2 interval per week than irrigation at 7 interval per week regardless of drainage. 3. In the case of medium composition, of growth and indoor adaptability were higher with sud: leaf mold (1:1) than peatmoss: vermiculite: perlite(1:1:1). 4. Fronds fresh weight and dry weight decreased when irrigation interval increased and were higher with sand: leaf mold(1:1) than peatmoss: vermiculite: perlite(1:1:1) treatment.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.947-951
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• 2015

This study presents proper irrigation interval for the soil condition of green roof system and the smooth growth of the landscaping herbaceous plants available and reveal the need for irrigation in rooftop conditions. Twenty kinds of greenery plants are tested on ground paved wood panels where rain and wind shielder is installed. Before test, irrigation is conducted fully to experimental plants and then soil moisture in pot is measured after every ten minutes. In conclusion, it is suggested that the irrigation has to be carried out every 4~5 days in order to minimize water and heat stress of plants. Also, irrigation management is an essential prerequisite for good condition and the smooth growth of plants and environmental effects in green roof system.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.60 no.1
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• pp.63-69
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• 2015

This study was conducted to measure the effect of PE film mulching and irrigation methods on the growth, yield and antioxidant activity of potatoes tubers, in order to examine the possibility of cultivating potatoes in winter season in vinyl greenhouse on the reclaimed tidal land with weak ground inside the sea wall currently completed. The test was conducted on the sandy loam soil (Munpo series), and its salt concentration was 0.42% at the time of planting. The emergence speed per kind of PE film mulching was in the order of black > coloration > transparent > green color, with the black color showing the fastest speed. The temperature change during a day per kind of PE film mulching was in the order of transparent > coloration > green > black color. As for the salt concentration in the soil for each different way of water management, the salt concentration in the treatment of drip irrigation with 1 week interval was lower than that drip irrigation with 2 weeks interval. As for the growth of above-aerial part, plant length was higher, number of tiller and leaves were more and dry weight of above-aerial part was larger in the treatment of drip irrigaton with 1 week interval than drip irrigation with 2 weeks interval. As for the yield of potatoes depending on each way of water management, the yield in the treatment of drip irrigation with 1 week interval was more than drip irrigation with 2 weeks interval. The yield for each different kind of PE film mulching in the weekly drip-irrigation management section was in the order of transparent ${\geq}$ black ${\geq}$ coloration ${\geq}$ green color. In both of total phenol content and DPPH free radical activity experiments, the content and activity were higher with pear color vinyl treatment.

• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.179-189
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• 2020

In order to increase the indoor air purification effect of plants, plants need to be placed on 5-10% of indoor spaces. To increase the density and utilization of plants in indoor spaces, studies on bio-wall, a vertical green wall system, have been recently conducted. The purpose of this study was to investigate the growth characteristics of 7 indoor plants introduced to the system and their rooting zones at different irrigation cycles. This study was conducted to investigate a proper irrigation cycle for the continuous maintenance of bio-wall systems. The conditions of their growth environment were maintained as follows: light intensity, 20-50 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 PPFD; and temperature, 20 - 25℃. For fertilization, Hyponex diluted with water at the ratio of 1:1,000 was supplied to plants. Irrigation was treated at intervals of 1, 3, 5, and 7 days for 1 hour at a time. As a result, there was no significant difference in the growth of plants between different irrigation cycles. Dieffenbachia 'Marianne' showed a significant decrease in the number of leaves at the irrigation cycle of 7 days. In addition, the chlorophyll content was relatively low at the irrigation cycle of 7 days. In terms of the color of leaves, a decrease in L value and b value and an increase in a value were observed, resulting in changes in brightness and color. Ardisia pusilla 'Variegata' showed a slightly higher photosynthetic activity and stomatal conductance when it was watered every day and once per 5 days, while Epipremnum aureum showed a relatively higher photosynthetic activity and stomatal conductance at the irrigation cycle of 3 days. In the case of root activity, it was found that the longer irrigation cycle, the higher root activity compared to daily irrigation. The development of roots of Peperomia clusiifolia was promoted by watering at long intervals. However, in the case of Aglaonema 'Siam-Aurora', the total number of roots decreased at the interval of 7 days. In conclusion, a proper irrigation cycle for the sustainable maintenance of vertical bio-wall systems seems to be 3 days.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.703-715
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• 2015

One of the challenges to increase milk production in a large pasture-based herd with an automatic milking system (AMS) is to grow forages within a 1- km radius, as increases in walking distance increases milking interval and reduces yield. The main objective of this study was to explore sustainable forage option technologies that can supply high amount of grazeable forages for AMS herds using the Agricultural Production Systems Simulator (APSIM) model. Three different basic simulation scenarios (with irrigation) were carried out using forage crops (namely maize, soybean and sorghum) for the spring-summer period. Subsequent crops in the three scenarios were forage rape over-sown with ryegrass. Each individual simulation was run using actual climatic records for the period from 1900 to 2010. Simulated highest forage yields in maize, soybean and sorghum- (each followed by forage rape-ryegrass) based rotations were 28.2, 22.9, and 19.3 t dry matter/ha, respectively. The simulations suggested that the irrigation requirement could increase by up to 18%, 16%, and 17% respectively in those rotations in El-Nino years compared to neutral years. On the other hand, irrigation requirement could increase by up to 25%, 23%, and 32% in maize, soybean and sorghum based rotations in El-Nino years compared to La-Nina years. However, irrigation requirement could decrease by up to 8%, 7%, and 13% in maize, soybean and sorghum based rotations in La-Nina years compared to neutral years. The major implication of this study is that APSIM models have potentials in devising preferred forage options to maximise grazeable forage yield which may create the opportunity to grow more forage in small areas around the AMS which in turn will minimise walking distance and milking interval and thus increase milk production. Our analyses also suggest that simulation analysis may provide decision support during climatic uncertainty.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.301-305
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• 2012

The amount of irrigation water can be calculated based on the irrigation schedule in irrigation manual. At present, the maximum irrigation manual, which was developed in 1999 for the maximum yield with maxmum irrigation, is using. Now the water saving irrigation manual for red pepper, without decrease of crop yield, has been developded in 45 areas of korea. Among 45 regions, 9 regions which were selected respectively from 9 Provinces of Korea, were used for this study. The water saving irrigation manual has been used easily without soil sampling and measurement of soil water status. The objective of this study is to assess the possibility of the saving of irrigation water compared to the maximum irrigation manual. The average potential evapo-transpiration (PET) during 30 years in 9 region for the red pepper cultivation was a $2.69mm\;day^{-1}$. The saving amount of irrigation water for red pepper cultivation by saving irrigation manual compared to the maximum irrigation manual in a year was 309.4 mm, 303.3 mm and 309.5 mm in the soil of Sandy Loam (SL), Loam (L) and Silty Loam (SiL), respectively. The average saving amount of irrigation water for red pepper cultivation by saving irrigation manual compared to the maximum irrigation manual in a year was 307.4 mm.