• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
• /
• v.6 no.3
• /
• pp.178-186
• /
• 2018

Generally, in terms of the development of irrigation scheme, the efficient water resource management that supplies the irrigation water in consideration of the required time and accurate quantity to grow the crop should be conducted. The water resource assessment should precede to supply the irrigation water efficiently. The water resources assessment is divided into the water requirement analysis and the water availability assessment. In case of Korea, the major crop is paddy rice unlike crops of Africa, such as sugarcane, maize, and cassava, etc. Because it is not familiar with the method for upland irrigation development in tropical area, it needs to know the water resources assessment for irrigation scheme development about these crops. The Natama Scheme in Chiradzulu District of the Southern Malawi was selected as study area, which has tropical climate. From the collected meteorological data, the evapotranspiration was analyzed by Penman-Monteith Method and the effective rainfall was analyzed by USDA Soil Conservation Service Method. This study displays the results that for study area, the evapotranspiration varies from 2.80 mm/day to 5.51 mm/day and the effective rainfall varied from 2.1mm to 149.0mm. According to the selected crop (Green Maize, Dry Maize), the unit water requirement (UWR) and water demand (WD) considering the irrigation efficiency, irrigation time and irrigation area were estimated to be $0.00122m^3/s/ha$ and $0.0122m^3/s$ respectively. For the water availability assessment, the runoff of Natama scheme was calculated by specific yield method. The water availability was evaluated through reviewed differences of discharge between $Q80_{intake}$ and Total WD, and the irrigation water can be supplied sufficiently in the existing 10ha of Natama scheme. As a result of reviewing the extensibility of irrigable area, total WD of scheme is $0.02313m^3/s$, and $Q80_{intake}$ is $0.02387m^3/s$ ($Q80_{intake}$ > Total WD). Therefore, Natama scheme can be extended from 10 ha to 17 ha in the dry season in consideration of the $Q80_{intake}$.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
• /
• v.41 no.6
• /
• pp.643-651
• /
• 2008

This study was conducted to promote reliability of the simulated result for the long-term streamflow in Daecheong watershed. This system was constructed by the SSARR model that considered the effect of small scale irrigation facilities. We investigated the present condition of small scale irrigation facilities and analyzed the relation between irrigation facilities and river discharge. According to the analysis result about the effect of irrigation facilities, the error occurrence frequency was increased at the sub-basin that has many reservoirs and during the second quarter except for the 2003 year. Therefore, we created the relative equation between small irrigation facilities and river water and estimated the simulated streamflow for the main stations. Consequently, error of the runoff simulated with considering small scale irrigation facilities was decreased than that without considering small scale irrigation facilities at all.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
• /
• v.63 no.3
• /
• pp.59-73
• /
• 2021

The purpose of this study is to investigate transition of pumping technology, irrigation water requirement, and unit area drainage discharge at the Pumping station-based Irrigation Associations (PIAs) in South Korea during Japanese colonial period (1910-1945). The PIAs established pumping stations and embankments along rivers for the purpose of irrigation, drainage and flood prevention until the mid-1920s. From the late 1920s after major river improvement projects, newly established PIAs did not include the flood prevention in their purpose of establishment. The design criteria of the irrigation and drainage projects, such as irrigation water requirements, design rainfall, and allowable ponding duration were decided according to the circumstances of PIAs. The gross irrigation water requirement of paddy fields increased from the 1920s to the 1940s, and reached the level of 0.0020 m³/s/ha (19 mm/d) in the 1940s for the fairly good irrigation status in the drought. The great floods of 1930, 1933, and 1934 triggered the increase in drainage discharge in the late 1930s, leading to the unit area drainage discharge of 0.9-2.6 m³/s/km² for natural drainage and 0.3-1.1 m³/s/km² for pump drainage. Therefore, several PIAs near the major rivers could avoid repetitive floods damage.

• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.179-189
• /
• 2020

In order to increase the indoor air purification effect of plants, plants need to be placed on 5-10% of indoor spaces. To increase the density and utilization of plants in indoor spaces, studies on bio-wall, a vertical green wall system, have been recently conducted. The purpose of this study was to investigate the growth characteristics of 7 indoor plants introduced to the system and their rooting zones at different irrigation cycles. This study was conducted to investigate a proper irrigation cycle for the continuous maintenance of bio-wall systems. The conditions of their growth environment were maintained as follows: light intensity, 20-50 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 PPFD; and temperature, 20 - 25℃. For fertilization, Hyponex diluted with water at the ratio of 1:1,000 was supplied to plants. Irrigation was treated at intervals of 1, 3, 5, and 7 days for 1 hour at a time. As a result, there was no significant difference in the growth of plants between different irrigation cycles. Dieffenbachia 'Marianne' showed a significant decrease in the number of leaves at the irrigation cycle of 7 days. In addition, the chlorophyll content was relatively low at the irrigation cycle of 7 days. In terms of the color of leaves, a decrease in L value and b value and an increase in a value were observed, resulting in changes in brightness and color. Ardisia pusilla 'Variegata' showed a slightly higher photosynthetic activity and stomatal conductance when it was watered every day and once per 5 days, while Epipremnum aureum showed a relatively higher photosynthetic activity and stomatal conductance at the irrigation cycle of 3 days. In the case of root activity, it was found that the longer irrigation cycle, the higher root activity compared to daily irrigation. The development of roots of Peperomia clusiifolia was promoted by watering at long intervals. However, in the case of Aglaonema 'Siam-Aurora', the total number of roots decreased at the interval of 7 days. In conclusion, a proper irrigation cycle for the sustainable maintenance of vertical bio-wall systems seems to be 3 days.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
• /
• v.48 no.4
• /
• pp.703-718
• /
• 2021

An irrigation monitoring system is an efficient approach to save water and to provide effective irrigation scheduling for rice cultivation in desert soils. This research aimed to design, fabricate, and evaluate the basic performance of an irrigation monitoring system based on information and communication technology (ICT) for rice cultivation under drip and micro-sprinkler irrigation in desert soils using a Raspberry Pi. A data acquisition system was installed and tested inside a rice cultivating net house at the United Arab Emirates University, Al-Foah, Al-Ain. The Raspberry Pi operating system was used to control the irrigation and to monitor the soil water content, ambient temperature, humidity, and light intensity inside the net house. Soil water content sensors were placed in the desert soil at depths of 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 cm. A sensor-based automatic irrigation logic circuit was used to control the actuators and to manage the crop irrigation operations depending on the soil water content requirements. A developed webserver was used to store the sensor data and update the actuator status by communicating via the Pi-embedded Wi-Fi network. The maximum and minimum average soil water contents, ambient temperatures, humidity levels, and light intensity values were monitored as 33.91 ± 2 to 26.95 ± 1%, 45 ± 3 to 24 ± 3℃, 58 ± 2 to 50 ± 4%, and 7160-90 lx, respectively, during the experimental period. The ICT-based monitoring system ensured precise irrigation scheduling and better performance to provide an adequate water supply and information about the ambient environment.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
• /
• 2022.10a
• /
• pp.49-49
• /
• 2022

One of the major problems with sweetpotato (Ipomoea batats Lam.) is the tough thread tissue that occurs in the storage root, which has a negative impact on the sales of sweet potato because it impairs the texture during cooking and the processing quality. The fiber contents in storage roots of sweetpotato is affected by cultivation conditions and environment. To investigate the effect of fiber generation at different levels of irrigation, the sweetpoatoto "Hogammi" was transplanted in greenhouse. Sweetpotato was grown in styrofoam beds(W1605*D330*H300mm) to block moisture flowing from the outside. The irrigation was carried out as 3 levels (5,10, and 20 mm through drip irrigation facilities) at 20-day intervals. Five plants were harvested per plot at 90, 100 and 120 days after transplanting (DAT). The size of the storage root was large in the order of irrigation conditions 10mm>20mm>5mm treatment. And the longer cultivation period, the larger size of the storage root was observed. As a result of the analysis of the fiber content, it showed a tendency to decrease as the cultivation period increased (90days→120days). In addition, the fiber contents of sweetpotato harvested at 90, 100 and 120 DAT in the level of 5 mm irrigation plot were 351, 324 and 207 mg/100g, respectively, which were higher than those of other irrigation level plots. During all cultivation periods, the 10mm treatment group showed the lowest fiber content of 280, 228 and 127 mg/100g. At 20 mm irrigation level, the fiber content was less than that of 5mm irrigation level, but showed a tendency to increase compared to that of 10 mm irrigation level. These results suggested that drought stress or excessive-irrigation increases the fiber content of sweetpotato, which reduces their commercial value.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
• /
• v.65 no.6
• /
• pp.1-13
• /
• 2023

Irrigation return flow plays an important role in river flow forecasting, basin water supply planning, and determining irrigation water use. Therefore, accurate calculation of irrigation return flow rate is essential for the rational use and management of water resources. In this study, EPA-SWMM (Environmental Protection Agency-Storm Water Management Model) modeling was used to analyze the irrigation return flow and return flow rate of each intake work using irrigation canal network. As a result of the EPA-SWMM, we tried to estimate the quick return flow and delayed return flow using the water supply, paddy field, drainage, infiltration, precipitation, and evapotranspiration. We selected 9 districts, including pumping stations and weirs, to reflect various characteristics of irrigation water, focusing on the four major rivers (Hangang, Geumgang, Nakdonggang, Yeongsangang, and Seomjingang). We analyzed the irrigation period from May 1, 2021 to September 10, 2021. As a result of estimating the irrigation return flow rate, it varied from approximately 44 to 56%. In the case of the Gokseong Guseong area with the highest return flow rate, it was estimated that the quick return flow was 4,677 10³ m³ and the delayed return flow was 1,473 10³ m³ , with a quick return flow rate of 42.6% and a delayed return flow rate of 13.4%.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
• /
• v.66 no.1
• /
• pp.25-37
• /
• 2024

As the agricultural land use shifts from paddy to upland, ensuring reservoir water supply stability for upland crop irrigation becomes essential. The objectives of this study were to estimate the irrigation water requirements considering the upland irrigation scenario and to evaluate the reliability of the water supply from the agricultural reservoir using resilience indexes. Two study sites, Sinheung and Hwajeong, were selected, and soybean and red peppers, the most water-intensive crops, were selected as study crops, respectively. For the irrigation scenario, two irrigation methods of traditional scheduling (which irrigates all sites at once) and rotational scheduling (which distributes irrigation by districts), along with the upland conversion rate, were considered. The net irrigation requirement was estimated through a water balance analysis. The stability of the reservoir was evaluated using resilience indexes based on the simulated 10-years reservoir water levels and drought criterion. Overall, the water supply of the reservoir was evaluated as stable during the simulated 10 years, except for the one year. Compared to the two irrigation methods, rotational scheduling resulted in lower irrigation water usage in both sites, with reductions of 1.6%, and 0.3%, respectively. As the upland conversion rate increases, the water deficit could be intensified in Hwajeong with a conversion rate exceeding 50%, showing the number of deficit(ND) over the one and a rapid increase in the deficit ratio(DR). It was confirmed that the reservoir operation criteria can be enhanced by incorporating resilience indicators along with crop growth information, thus, this will be a further study.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
• /
• v.7 no.6
• /
• pp.12-18
• /
• 2004

This study is to make plans for perpendicular greening with artificial ground of planter type to improve urban environment. The experiments of this study are performed to find out the suitable soil and irrigation method for artificial ground of planter greening. Thereupon, organic or inorganic soil improvement material is mixed with soil of each planter as experiment, In result, the plants in soil mixed organic soil improvement material thrive rather than that in soil mixed inorganic material, It is to be desired that the planter equip with the irrigation system, be wider than planter and be planted shrubs for positive plant growth. As for irrigation system, drip irrigation is effective on plant growth southern exposure but Ebb and Flow is effective eastern exposure. Therefore, irrigation system should consist of two types above plus keeping water on the bottom of planter to save water and store rainwater.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
• /
• v.44 no.1
• /
• pp.57-68
• /
• 2002

In the irrigation facilities, the irrigation system is connected systematically, and thus, it agrees to the object-oriented concept. Since it is necessary to go through comparative evaluations and to devise several alternatives plans in designing the irrigation system, it will be very efficient to use the objects that contain the design data. In this study, the object-oriented methodology has been proposed to define the objects, which will be used in the design system of irrigation facility. Furthermore, as for the essential elements of the objects, concept of element objects is formulated. By employing this concept, appropriate element objects have been derided for the irrigation facility. Necessary data model for realization of the objects is examined and selected. And then, required elements for applying the selected data model to the irrigation facility will be proposed