• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.113-120
• /
• 1991

The authors examined the patterns and various ranges of mandibular movements in TMJ lock closed patients in the frontal, sagittal and horizontal plane pre-end post-treatment. And the author obtained the following results. 1. In the frontal plane, the patterns and ranges of mandibular movement of the patients were very irregular and small before treatment. But after the treatment, the patterns were similar to the typical shield shape of the normal subjects. And the velocity of opening and closing was improved after the treatment. 2. In the sagittal plane, the mean amount of maximum mouth opening was 27.0±4.0mm before treatment and 44.0±5.4mm after treatment. And there was statistically significant improvement(p<0.005). The patterns of the movement were very irregular and small before treatment, but were similar to the shape of "Posselt's envelope of motion" after the treatment. The velocity of opening and closing was improved after the treatment 3. In the horizontal plane, the mean amount of maximum laterotrusion was 8l2±2.5mm in the affected side and 6.7±2.2mm in the non-affected side before treatment. There was a significant difference between the sides(p<0.05). After the treatment, the mean was 10.4±2.6mm in the affected side and 8.9±2.3mm in the non-affected side and there was no significant difference between the sides(p>0.05). There was no significant difference in the mean amount of maximum protrusion between the before and aftertreatment(p>0.05), but the patterns of the movements were improved.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• v.30 no.4
• /
• pp.437-442
• /
• 2001

Objective : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the risk factors of hematoma enlargement in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH). Methods : A series of 214 ICH patients diagnosed by brain CT scan in our neurosurgery department from June 1995 to July 1998 were reviewed with clinical status, past medical histories, laboratory findings, CT findings and prognosis. Results : In 27 patients(12.6%), the second CT scan showed an enlarged hematoma. Age, sex, and site of hematoma were not related to hematoma enlargement. A long interval(>6 hours) between the onset and the 1st CT scan strongly reduced the incidence of hematoma enlargement. The incidence of hematoma enlargement significantly increased in patients with previous history of hypertension, cerebral infarction and ICH. This analysis also demonstrated the following independent factors predisposed to hematoma enlargement : initial high systolic blood pressure, high serum total protein, low serum albumin, low serum sodium, prolonged prothrombin time(>14 sec) and activated partial thromboplastin time(>29.5 sec), irregular hematoma shape, and combined intraventricular hemorrhage. Prognosis in the group of hematoma enlargement showed high mortality(48.1%) and poor outcome. Conclusion : Patients with previous history of hypertension, cerebral infarction and ICH, and with high systolic blood pressure, prolonged coagulation time, irregular hematoma shape and intraventricular hemorrhage in CT scan should be observed carefully. And, early surgical therapy of large hematoma and meticulous control of blood pressure may decrease the mortality and morbidity in patients with spontaneous ICH.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• v.49 no.1
• /
• pp.26-30
• /
• 2011

Objective: The primary objective of this study was to perform a retrospective evaluation of the radiological and pathological features influencing the formation of peritumoral brain edema (PTBE) in meningiomas. Methods: The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and pathology data for 86 patients with meningiomas, who underwent surgery at our institution between September 2003 and March 2009, were examined. We evaluated predictive factors related to peritumoral edema including gender, tumor volume, shape of tumor margin, presence of arachnoid plane, the signal intensity (SI) of the tumor in T2-weighted image (T2WI), the WHO histological classification (GI, GII/GIII) and the Ki-67 antigen labeling index (LI). The edema-tumor volume ratio was calculated as the edema index (EI) and was used to evaluate peritumoral edema. Results: Gender (p=0.809) and pathological finding (p=0.084) were not statistically significantly associated with peritumoral edema by univariate analysis. Tumor volume was not correlated with the volume of peritumoral edema. By univariate analysis, three radiological features, and one pathological finding, were associated with PTBE of statistical significance: shape of tumor margin (p=0.001), presence of arachnoid plane (p=0.001), high SI of tumor in T2WI (p=0.001), and Ki-67 antigen LI (p=0.049). These results suggest that irregular tumor margins, hyperintensity in T2WI, absence of arachnoid plane on the MRI, and high Ki-67 LI can be important predictive factors that influence the formation of peritumoral edema in meningiomas. By multivariate analysis, only SI of the tumor in T2WI was statistically significantly associated with peritumoral edema. Conclusion: Results of this study indicate that irregular tumor margin, hyperintensity in T2WI, absence of arachnoid plane on the MRI, and high Ki-67 LI may be important predictive factors influencing the formation of peritumoral edema in meningiomas.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.351-359
• /
• 1991

The current LINAC technique for radiosurgery utilizes a single isocenter approach with multiple noncoplanar arcs. This approach results in spherical dose distributions in the target. Many arteriovenous malformations and tumors suitable for radiosurgical treatment have non-spherical or irregular shapes. The basic approach presented in this paper is to use two or multiple isocenters with standard arcs to shape irregular target volumes through the use of multiple spherical targets. Selection of reasonable irradiation parameters in the first stage is critical to the success of real-time optimization. A useful guideline for optimum isocenter separation and collimator size is developed to shape the target margin uniformly with an desired isodose surface for an elongated target. The implementation of multiple isocenters with three dimensional dose model and application of multiple isocenters approach to several cases are discussed.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.40 no.8
• /
• pp.704-709
• /
• 2016

Wave energy generation systems can be divided into oscillating water chamber type, over topping device type and wave activating body type. The wave activating body type converts wave energy to kinetic energy, and the power generation amount increases as the motion of an activating body increases. In this paper, the wave energy convertor consists of a main body, which has an H-shape, and the activating body. These are connected by a bar-type bridge. By the incident wave, when the activating body moves with vertical motion this motion is consequently converted into rotational motion. The twisting moment and angular velocity at a shaft of convertor are calculated according to various conditions of the incident wave and the shape of the activating body. This can be used as a basic idea for determining the design of wave activating body type convertor.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.99-105
• /
• 1995

Morphometry of nuclei of the benign and malignant prostatic lesions was performed to study the relationship between nuclear size and shape and the prognosis of prostatic adenocarcinoma fifty one cases of prostatic adenocarcinoma and 13 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia were included to evaluate area, perimeter, Dmax, Dmin, and 5 form factors of the nuclei by image analyzer(Zeiss Ibas 2000) using hematoxylin-eosin stained slides. All analytic factors of nuclear size and shape were significantly different between benign lesions and adenocarcinomas. Increased nuclear size was associated with nuclear irregularity, presence of metastasis, advanced clinical stage, and high Gleason's grade and score of prostatic adenocarcinoma. On Kaplan-Meier method, survival was decreased with older age, no hormonal treatment, stage D, high Gleason's grade and stage as well as with larger size and irregular shape of the nuclei in conclusion, morphometry of nuclei of the prostate can be a helpful tool to differentiate between be nign and malignant lesions. Nuclear morphology is thought to be associated with prognosis of prostatic adenocarcinoma.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.123-133
• /
• 1996

An automatic drum seeder was developed to improve the seeding operation. It consisted of a conveyor to transfer seedling trays, a seed-hopper to supply seeds, a drum to drop seeds on the tray, and an air blower to remove extra seeds. A photo sensor was used to detect the transfer of seedling trays, and its signal was fed into microcomputer which operated a stepping motor driving the drum. The seeds were adhered to the surface of drum by vacuum pressure, and were dropped into tray cells by compressed air. An air connection unit was devised to alternate between vacuum pressure and compressed air. A control program for the system, written in C language, could operate the drum at the given number of revolutions and revolutions per minute. The results showed that the air connection unit could operate well and the seeds were dropped satisfactorily into tray cells. In case of cabbage and perilla seeds, which are regular and spherical shape, the missing rate was low and the single seeding rate was more than 97%. Low missing rate and high multiple seeding rate were observed in lettuce seeds which have narrow ends with tight weight. The missing rate of pepper seed was very high because of heavy weight and irregular shape. To improve the performance of the seeder, adjustment of vacuum pressure based upon shape and weight of the seeds, careful selection of the material of drum, maintenance of consistent air blower pressure, and replacement of stepping motor to DC motor are recommended.

• Research in Plant Disease
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.113-116
• /
• 2002

A sclerotinia rot of Leonurus sibiricus caused by Sclerotinia sclerotio겨m occurred severely in farmer's fields at Seosang-myon, Hamyang-gun, Gyeongnam Province, Korea in 2001. The typical symptoms of the disease were that leaves, stems or collar of the infected plants at first became darker green and then watery soft rotted, and white fluffy mycelia formed on the lesion developed into black sclerotia later, Sclerotia on the plant and PDA medium were globose to cylindrical or irregular in shape, and 0.8~10.3$\times$0.8~6.4 m in size. Aphothecia with numerous asci were cup-shape, and 0.6~1.2 cm in diameter, Asci with 8 spores were cylindrical, and 87~246$\times$4.6~21.6 $\mu\textrm{m}$ in size. Ascospores of one cell were hyaline, ellipsoid to ovoid in shape, and 10.2~14.6$\times$4.7~7.2 $\mu\textrm{m}$ in size. The range of temperature for mycelial growth was from 5 to 3$0^{\circ}C$, and the optimum was $25^{\circ}C$. This is the first report on the sclerotinia rot of L. sibiricus caused by Sclerotinia sclerotioum in Korea.

• Journal of Powder Materials
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.130-135
• /
• 2010

Sm-16.7wt%Co alloy powders were prepared by high energy ball milling under the conditions of various milling time and the content of process control agent (PCA), and their microstructure and magnetic properties were investigated to establish optimum processing conditions. The initial powders employed showed irregular shape and had a size ranging from 5 to $110\;{\mu}m$. After milling for 5 h, the shape of powders changed to round shape and their mean powder size was approximately $5\;{\mu}m$, which consisted of the agglomerated nano-sized particles with 15 nm in diameter. The coercivity was reduced with increasing the milling time, whereas the saturation magnetization increased. As the content of PCA increased, the powder size minutely decreased to approximately $7\;{\mu}m$ at the PCA content of 10 wt%. The XRD patterns showed that the main diffraction peaks disappeared apparently after milling, indicating the formation of amorphous structure. The measured values of coercivity were almost unchanged with increasing the content of PCA.

• Journal of Species Research
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.147-161
• /
• 2020

Seven new species of two genera Scalarispongia and Smenospongia (Demospongiae: Dictyoceratida: Thorectidae) are described from Gageo Island and Jeju Island, Korea. Five new species of Scalarispongia are compared to nine reported species of the genus by the skeletal structure. Scalarispongia viridis n. sp. has regular ladder-like skeletal pattern arranged throughout the sponge body and has pseudo-tertiary fibres. Scalarispongia favus n. sp. is characterized by the honeycomb shape of the surface and is similar to Sc. flava in skeletal structure, but differs in sponge shape. Scalarispongia lenis n. sp. is similar to Sc. regularis in skeletal structure but has fibers that are smaller in size. Scalarispongia canus n. sp. has irregular skeletal structure in three dimensions and ladder-like which comes out of the surface and choanosome. Scalarispongia subjiensis n. sp. has pseudo-tertiary fibres and its regular ladder-like skeletal pattern occurs at the choanosome. Two new species of Smenospongia are distinguished from the other 19 reported species of the genus by the skeletal structure. Smenospongia aspera n. sp. is similar to Sm. coreana in sponge shape but new species has rarely secondary web and thin and thick bridged fibres at near surface. Smenospongia mureungensis n. sp. has very simple skeletal structure.