• Radiation Oncology Journal
• /
• 제3권2호
• /
• pp.87-93
• /
• 1985

방사선조사와 5-Fluorouracil(5-FU)과의 병용시 5-FU투여로 인한 마우스 공장 소낭선세포의 방사선 감수성에 미치는 영향과 방사선조사 효과 증강율을 측정하기 위하여 $C_3H$마우스 110마리를 대상으로 동물실험용 세시움 방사선 조사기를 이용하였다. 방사선조사 단독시행군은 $1,000{\sim}1,600rad$를, 5-FU와 병용군은 $800{\sim}1,400rad$의 방사선조사와 복강내 5-FU투여를 병용하였다. 방사선조사 단독시행 군은 조사 후 90시간 후에, 병용요법군은 120시간 후에 마우스 공장을 횡절단하여 마우스공장 소낭선 측정 법을 이용하여 평군치사선량과, 5-FU주입이 공장 소낭선세포 생존케 미치는 dose effect factor(DEF)를 측정하였으며, 결과는 다음과 같다. 1, 방사선조사 단독시행 군, 방사선조사 분전 5-FU주입군, 방사선조사 6시간 후에 5-FU주입군의 평균치사선량(Do)은 각각 135, 135, 114rad였다. 2. 방사선조사 단독시행 군에 비하여 방사선조사 15분전 5-FU주입군과, 방사선조사 6시간 후에 5-FU주입군의 DEF는 각각 1.13, 1.27이였다.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
• /
• 제19권3호
• /
• pp.259-264
• /
• 2001

목적 : 방사선에 의한 급성 손상으로 소장 음와에서 발생되는 세포고사와 유사분열사의 발생 정도를 시간 경과에 따라서 조사하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 웅성 $200\~250\;g$ Sprague Dawley 쥐를 대상으로 6 MV선형가속기로 2 Gy 전신 방사선조사를 한 후, 2, 4, 8, 24, 48시간에 희생하였다. 소장 음와당 평균 세포고사 수와 유사분열 중인 세포 수의 평균을 정상 대조군과 방사선조사 후 시간대별로 측정하였다. 세포고사가 가장 현저하였던 시간대를 대상으로 In Situ End Labeling (ISEL) 법으로 염색하여 헤마톡실린 에오진 염색법과 비교하였다. 결과 : 음와당 세포고사의 평균 빈도는 정상 대조군에서 0.14였고 방사선조사 후 2, 4, 8, 24, 48시간에 각각 1.43, 3.19, 1.15, 0.26, 0.17로, 방사선조사 후 4시간 경에 가장 많이 증가되었다가 점차 감소되어 24시간에 정상으로 회복되었다. 정상 대조군에서 1.29였던 음와당 유사분열 세포 수의 평균은 방사선조사 후 2, 4, 8, 24, 48시간에 각각 0.56, 0.47, 0.23, 0.65, 1.19로 측정되어서, 방사선조사 후 8시간까지 감소되었다가 48시간 경에 정상으로 회복되었다. 세포고사의 발생이 유사분열 세포 수의 감소보다 변화의 정도도 크고, 조기에 발생되었다. ISEL법에 의한 세포고사의 검출은 발색 시간의 조건에 따라서 위양성이 발생되었다. 결론 : 방사선에 의한 소장의 급성 손상으로 유발되는 세포 사망은 방사선조사 후 대개 $24\~48$시간 내에 정상치로 회복되었고, 유사분열사보다는 세포고사가 더 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 생각된다.

• 대한수의학회지
• /
• 제43권4호
• /
• pp.633-639
• /
• 2003

We investigated the effect of green tea and its fractions of alcohol and polysaccharide on jejunal crypt survival, endogenous spleen colony formation, and apoptosis in jejunal crypt cells of mice irradiated with high and low dose of gamma-irradiation. Jejunal crypts were protected by pretreatment of green tea (i.p.: 50 mg/kg of body weight, at 12 and 36 hours before irradiation., p.o.: 1.25% water extract, for 7days before irradiation, p<0.01) and alcohol and polysaccharide fractions showed no significant modifying effects. Green tea and its fractions administration before irradiation (i.p. at 12 and 36hours before irradiation) resulted in an increase of the formation of endogenous spleen colony (p<0.05). The frequency of radiation-induced apoptosis in intestinal crypt cells was also reduced by pretreatment of green tea (i.p. at 12 and 36 hours before irradiation, p<0.05., p.o. for 7days before irradiation, p<0.001) and its fractions (p<0.001). These results indicated that green tea might be a useful radioprotector, especially since it is a relatively nontoxic natural product. Further studies are needed to characterize better the promotion nature of green tea and its components.

• 치과방사선
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.183-197
• /
• 1991

After single fraction of 2, 5, 10 Gy irradiation on submandibular gland of 40 male rats, weighing 150gm, respectively, these animal were sacrificed two hours after 0.1㎎/g bromodeoxyuridine (Sigma) peritoneal injection in 1, 3, 7, 15 hours, 1, 3, 7 days after irradiation. And excised submandibular gland were fixed in Carnoy's and Bouin's solution for 2 hours. Paraffin sections were stained with H&E, and PAS for the observation of the change of salivary gland tissue, and with Feulgen for the study of the DNA distribution, and immunohistochemically stained with anti-bromodeoxyuridine (Sanbyo Co.) for detection of DNA synthetic cells in order to study the distribution of DNA synthetic cells of salivary gland tissue and endothelium after irradiation in 5 different sites of 6 slides on X 200 high power field. The results were as followings. 1. In PAS staining 3 days after 5Gy irradiation, decreased mucine secretion of serous cells were found, and 7 days after l0Gy irradiation, decreased mucine secretion of mucous cells were found. 2. In histopathologic features, degeneration of serous cells were found in 3 days after 2 Gy irradiation and there was little change in mucous cells and excretory duct cells. 3. In Feugen staining, 3 days after 2 Gy, 5 Gy irradiation, more high percentage of DNA synthetic cells were found in intercalated duct cells, striated duct cells and excretory duct cells than in BrdU staining. 4. In immunohistochemical features, DNA synethsis of serous cells and granular convoluted tubular cells abruptly decreased in early period after irradiation and showed no recovery in 7 days after irradiation but there was an increase in DNA synthesis of intercalated duct cells, striated duct cells and excretory duct cells, which have less S-phase cells comparatively, in 7 days after 2 Gy, 5 Gy irradiation. 5. In immunohistochemical features, the DNA synthesis of endothelial cells was continuously decreased after irradiation but showed slight increase in 7 days after 2 Gy and S Gy irradiation.

• 치과방사선
• /
• 제18권1호
• /
• pp.31-45
• /
• 1988

The author studied the histopathologic changes according to a single or a split dose and the time after irradiation on the acinar cells of rat parotid gland. 99 Sprague Dawley rats, weighing about l20gm, were divided into control and 3 experimental groups. In experimental groups, GroupⅠ and Ⅱ were delivered a single dose of l5Gy, 18Gy and Group Ⅲ and Ⅳ were delivered two equal split doses of 9Gy, 10.5Gy for a 4 hours interval, respectively. The experimental groups were delivered by a cobalt-60 teletherapy unit with a dose rate of 222cGy/min, source-skin distance of 50㎝, depth of l㎝ and a field size of l2×5㎝. The animals were sacrificed at 1, 2, 3, 6, 12 hours, 1, 3, 7 days after irradiation and examined by light and electron microscopy. The results were as follows: 1. As the radiation dose increased and the acinar cells delivered a single dose exposure were more damaged, and the change of acinar cells appeared faster than those of a split dose exposure. 2. The histopathologic change of acinar cells appeared at 1 hour after irradiation. The recovery from damaged acinar cells appeared at 1 day after irradiation and there was a tendency that the recovery from damage of a split dose exposure was somewhat later than that of a single dose exposure. 3. Light microscope showed atrophic change of acinar cells and nucleus, degeneration and vesicle formation of cytoplasm, widening of intercellular space and interlobular space. 4. Electron microscope showed loss of nuclear membrane, degeneration of nucleus and nucleoli, clumping of cytoplasm, widening and degeneration of rough endoplasmic reticulum, loss of cristae of mitochondria, lysosome, autophagosome and lipid droplet. 5. Electron microscopically, the change of rough endoplasmic reticulum was the most prominent and this appeared at 1 hour after irradiation as early changes of acinar cells. The nuclear change appeared at 2 hours after irradiation and the loss of cristae of mitochondria was observed at 2 hours after irradiation in all experimental groups.

• 미생물학회지
• /
• 제8권2호
• /
• pp.65-68
• /
• 1970

In continuation of the previous work (The New Medical Journal, Vol. 12, No. 3, 111, 1969), the effects on the bactericidal activity against coli form group, on vitamin C content and ascorbate oxidase activity of the purple laver due to the $^{80}Co$ gamma-irradiation were studied. The results obtained are ; 1) After the 0.1m rad./hr. doses treatment of gamma-irradiation for 1 hours to the laver, the coli form group was being remarkably destoryed and after the application for 10 hours the coli form group was completely destroyed. 2) The content of vitamin C was gradually decreased during the gamma-irradiation to the laver. According to the sensory test, no changes in flavor nad color were indicated for 9-10 hours treatment. But, the loss of ascorbic was much than that of dehydroascorbic acid after 10-hour treatment. 3) And also, the ascorbate oxidase activity due to the irradiation waas conspicuously decreased.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
• /
• 제5권2호
• /
• pp.55-62
• /
• 1971

In an attempt to better understand the effects of whole body X-irradiation on the levels of non-protein sulfhydryl (NP-SH), non-protein disulfide (NP-SS) and oxygen consumption rate $(QO_2)$ of the mouse duodenum, and to clarify the possible radioprotective action of reduced glutathione (GSH), a whole body X-irradiation of 1,000r was given to albino mouse either singularly or immediately after injecting GSH intraperitoneally to mouse 1 mg per gm of body weight. NP-SH was measured by Ellman's method, NP-SS was measured by the electrolytic reduction method described by Dohan and Woodward, and $(QO_2)$ by the Warburg's standard manometric method. The experiment was performed at 1, 6, 12 and 24 hours post-irradiation, and the comparison was made with the control. The results thus obtained are summarized as follows: 1) Comparing with the intrinsic NP-SH level of $3.31{\pm}0.27{\mu}\;mol/gm$ wet weight in the duodenum of the normal mouse, either whale body X-irradiation or injection of GSH alone produced no significant change in NP-SH from the normal. However, when GSH was injected prior to X-irradiation, markedly elevated NP-SH levels were observed throughout the entire experiment with the highest value of $4.70{\pm}0.10$ at 6 experimental hours. 2) The normal value of NP-SS in the mouse duodenum was $1.57{\pm}0.17{\mu}\;mol/gm$ wet weight, while in the group where injection of GSH and X-irradiation were combined, NP-SS increased to $2.36{\pm}0.33$ at 12 hours and $2.15{\pm}0.53$ at 24 hours, showing the intermediate value between the GSH injection group and X·irradiation group. 3) The normal value of $(QO_2)$ was $4.16{\pm}0.73{\mu}l\;O_2/hr./gm$ D.W., and no noticeable change was observed comparing with the GSH injection group. However, in the group where X·irradiation alone was given, $(QO_2)$ of the duodenum increased significantly throughout the entire experiment with the highest value of $6.35{\pm}1.07$ at 6 experimental hours. When GSH was injected before X-irradiation was given, the levels of $(QO_2)$ were in the middle of the GSH injection group and X-irradiation group. 4) The above results suggest that GSH may be effective as a radioprotector in terms of NP-SH, NP-SS and $(QO_2)$ of the mouse duodenum.

• 한국자원식물학회지
• /
• 제11권2호
• /
• pp.124-130
• /
• 1998

It failed occasionally to take a reasonable emergence rate since tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) seeds were planted on late Jan. showing lowest temperature. This experiment was done to measure the effect of GA3 (concentration ; period) , light quality (red ; white ; dark) during or after its treatment, daily irradiation hours( 0 ; 8 ; 12 ;16) and germination termperature (20 or 10 $^{\circ}C$ ocnstant ; 20/1$0^{\circ}C$ alternating) on the germination rate. Red and white light given during grmination showed no differences between the other daily irradiation hours except that 8 hours red light delayed germination although their 12 hours irradiation had the gratest rate. The rate was increased with increased concentration to GA3 0.01 mM or increased imbibition period to 3 days although the rate of cv. NC 82 was less than that of cv. Burley 21 in the case of dark imbibition of GA3 but daily 12 hours irradiation during germination. Light quality forced during GA3 imbibition eliminated such effect of GA3 shown in the darkness so that only light quality pretreatment and termperature during germinition were affected on the rate. The germination rate of thecultivars was decreased in the order of red, white light, darkness meaning that it was highly influenced by the light quality during GA3 treatment. Regardless of GA3 or light quality treatment,on the other hand, the rate was greater in 20 $^{\circ}C$ constat than 1$0^{\circ}C$ constant and 20/1$0^{\circ}C$ alternating germination temperature having similar germinative patterns.

• Journal of Plant Biology
• /
• 제1권2호
• /
• pp.1-4
• /
• 1958

1. A vernalized Korean rye was exposed to Co60 in dose of 150r (dose rate was 7r per minute) and pollen mother cells were examined for cytological study. 2. According to the observation, it is quite clear that scraping of chromosomes soon after irradiation and surface stickiness at the period of 6 hours after irradiation were followed by structural changes at the period of 12 hours after irradiation.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
• /
• 제30권1호
• /
• pp.71-79
• /
• 2000

Purpose : This study was aimed to evaluate the cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induction after irradiation and epidermal growth factor (EGF) treatment in three human epithelial tumor cell lines (A431, Siha, KB). Materials and Methods: Single irradiation of 2, 5 and 10 Gy was done on three cell lines with 5.38 Gy/min dose rate using Cs-137 irradiator at room temperature. Also, EGF of 10 ng/ml was added immediately after 10 Gy irradiation. Cell growth was evaluated by counting the living cell number using a hemocytometer at 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days and 5 days after irradiation. Cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induction were assayed with the flow cytometry at 8 hours, 12 hours, 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days and 5 days after irradiation. Results : Growth of irradiated three cell lines were inhibited in proportion to radiation dose. EGF treatment after irradiation showed various results according to cell lines. On all cell lines, G2 arrest was detected after 8 hours and maximized after 12 hours or 1 day. Amount of G2 arrest was positively dose dependent. However, EGF showed no significant change on G2 arrest. G2 arrest was recovered with time at 2 Gy and 5 Gy irradiation. However, at 10 Gy irradiation, G2 arrest was continued. Apoptosis was detected at 10 Gy irradiation. On EGF treated group after irradiation, A431 and Siha cell lines showed slightly increased apoptosis but there was no statistically significant difference. KB cell line showed no marked change of apoptosis induction. Conclusion : Irradiation effects on cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induction in three human epithelial tumor cell lines, however epidermal growth factor doesn't effect on.