• Journal of Information Display
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.87-91
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• 2009

Highly efficient red phosphorescent OLEDs (PHOLEDs) with a simple, organic, triple-layer structure was developed using the narrow-bandgap fluorescent host material bis(10-hydroxybenzo[h] quinolinato)beryllium complex (Bebq2) and the deep-red dopant tris(1-phenylisoquinoline)iridium (Ir(piq)3). The maximum current and power efficiency values of 12.71 cd/A and 16.02 lm/W, respectively, with an extremely low doping technology of 1%, are demonstrated herein. The results reveal a practical, cost-saving host dopant system for the fabrication of highly efficient PHOLEDs involving the simple structure presented herein, with a reduction of expensive Ir dopants.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.180-183
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• 1983

The reaction of $IrClH_2(CO)(Ph_3P)_2$ ($Ph_3P$=triphenylphosphine) with acrylonitrile (AN) produces a stoichiometric amount of propionitrile (PN) at $100^{\circ}C$ under nitrogen, which suggests that the catalytic hydrogenation of AN to PN with $IrCl(CO)(Ph_3P)_2$ proceeds through the hydride route where the formation of the dihydrido complex, $IrClH_2(CO)(Ph_3P)_2$ is the initial step. The rate of the hydrogenation of AN to PN with $IrCl(CO)(Ph_3P)_2$ is decreased by the presence of excess $Cl^-$ in the reaction system, which suggests that $Cl^-$ is the dissociating ligand in the catalytic cycle. It has been also found that the rate of the hydrogenation increases with inercase both in hydrogen pressure and in concentration of free $Ph_3P$, and with decrease in AN concentration in the reaction system.

• Korean Journal of Crystallography
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.43-53
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• 2005

The dihydrido P-C-P pincer complex, $IrH_2{C_6H_3-2,6-(CH_2PBu_2^t)_2}$ (1), was successfully prepared from the reaction of the hydrochloride complex, $IrClH (C_6H_3-2,6-(CH_2PBu_2^t)_2}$, and super acid $(LiBEt_3H)$ under 1 atm of hydrogen in pentane solution at room temperature and followed by Heating at $130^{\circ}C$ in vacuo. Jensen recently found that the dihydrido P-C-P pincer complex 1 is a highly active homogeneous catalyst for the transfer dehydrogenation of alkanes with unusual longterm stability at temperatures as high as $200^{\circ}C$. The treatment of dihydrido complex 1 with nitrogen, water, carbon dioxide, and carbon monoxide in presence of tert-butylethylene (the) at room temperature in an appropriate solution gave the dinitrogen complex, $[Ir{C-6H_3-2,6-(CH_2PBu_2^t)_2}]_2({\mu}-N_2)$ (2), the hydrido hydroxyl complex, $IrH(OH){C_6H_3-2,6-(CH_2PBu_2^t)_2}$ (3), the carbon dioxide complex, $Ir({\eta}^2-CO_2) {C_6H_3-2,6-(CH_2PBu_2^t)_2}$ (including the bicarbonate complex, $IrH({\kappa}^2-O_2COH){C_6H_3-2,6-(CH_2PBu_2^t)_2}\;(4))$, and the carbonyl complex, $Ir(CO) {C_6H_3-2,6-(CH_2PBu_2^t)_2}\;(5)$ (including the carboxyl complex, $IrH(C(O)OH) {C_6H_3-2,6-(CH_2PBu_2^t)_2}\;(6))$, in good yield, respectively. These P-C-P iridium complexes were isolated and characterized by $^1H,\;^{13}C,\;^{31}P\; NMR$, and IR spectroscopy. In addition, the complexes (1-6) were characterized by a single crystal X-ray crystallography. These complexes account for these small molecules' inhibition of dehydrogenation of alkanes catalyzed by the dihydrido complex 1.

• Journal of Information Display
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.6-10
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• 2002

We have synthesized a new green Ir(III) complex fac-tris-(3-methyl-2-phenyl pyridine)iridium(III) $Ir(mpp)_3$ and fabricated phosphorescent polymer light-emitting device using it as a triplet emissive dopant in PVK. $Ir(mpp)_3$ showed absorption centered at 388 nm corresponding to the $^1MLCT$ transition as .evidenced by its extinction coefficient of the order of $10^3{\cdot}$ From the PL and EL spectra of the $Ir(mpp)_3$ doped PVK film, the emission maximum was observed at 523 nm, due to the radiative decay from the $^3MLCT$ state to the ground state, confirming a complete energy transfer from PVK to $Ir(mpp)_3$. The methyl substitution has probably caused a red shift in the absorption and emission spectrum compared to $Ir(mpp)_3$. The device consisting of a 2 % doped PVK furnished 4.5 % external quantum efficiency at 72 $cd/m^2$ (current density of 0.45 $mA/cm^2$ and drive voltage of 13.9 V) and a peak luminance of 25,000 $cd/m^2$ at 23.4 V (494 $mA/cm^2$). This work demonstrates the impact of the presence of a methyl substituent at the 3-position of the pyridyl ring of 2-phenylpyridine on the photophysical and electroluminescence properties.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.15 no.11
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• pp.961-966
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• 1994

Oligomerization of phenylacetylene is catalyzed by $Rh(ClO_4)(CO)(PPh_3)_2$ (Rh-1), $[Rh(CO)(PPh_3)_3]ClO_4$ (Rh-2), $[Rh(COD)L_2]ClO_4 (L_2=(PPh_3)_2$, Rh-3; $(PPh_3)(PhCN)$, Rh-4; $(PhCN)_2$, Rh-5), $[Rh(C_3H_5)(Cl)(CO)(SbPh_3)_2]ClO_4$ (Rh-6), $[Ir(COD)L_2]ClO_4 (L_2=(PPh_3)_2$, $Ir-1; (PPh_3)(PhCN)$, $Ir-2; (PhCN)_2$, Ir-3; (AsPh_3)(PhCN)$, $Ir-4; Ph_2PCH_2CH_2PPh_2$, Ir-5; COD, Ir-6 and 2,2'-dipyridyl, Ir-7), $Ir(ClO_4)(CO)(PPh_3)_2$, $Ir-8, [Ir(PhCN)(CO)(PPh_3)_2]ClO_4$, Ir-9 to produce dimerization products, 1,3-diphenylbut-1-yn-3-ene, 1, (E)-1,4-diphenylbut-1-yn-3-ene, 2 and (Z)-1,4-diphenylbut-1-yn-3-ene, 3, and cyclotrimerization products, 1,3,5-triphenylbenzene, 4 and 1,2,4-triphenylbenzene, 5. Product distribution of the oligomers varies depending on various factors such as the nature of catalysts, reaction temperature, counter anions and excess ligand present in the reaction mixtures. Increasing reaction temperature in general increases the yield of the cyclotrimerization products. Exclusive production of dimer 1 and trimer 4 can be obtained with Ir-1 at 0 $^{\circ}$C and with Ir-2 in the presence of excess PhCN (or $CH_3CN$) at 50 $^{\circ}$C, respectively. Dimer 2 (up to 81%) and trimer 5 (up to 98%) are selectively produced with Rh-1 at 50 and 100 $^{\circ}$C respectively. Production of 3 is selectively increased up to 85% by using $PF_6$- salt of $[Ir(COD)(PPh_3)_2]$+ at 25 $^{\circ}$C. Addition of $CH_3I$ to Rh-1 produces $CH_3PPh_3^+I-$ and increases the rate of oligomerization(disappearance of phenylacetylene). Among the metal compounds investigated in this study, Ir-1 catalyzes most rapidly the oligomerization where the catalytically active species seems to contain lr(PPh3)2 moiety. The stoichiometric reaction of phenylacetylene wth Ir-9 at 25 $^{\circ}$C quantitatively produces hydridophenyl-ethynyl iridium(III) complex, $[lr(H)(C{\equiv}CPh)(PhCN)(CO)(PPh_3)_2]ClO_4$ (Ir-11), which seems to be an intermediate for the oligomerization.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.339-345
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• 2007

Urea reacts with PtCl2, H2[PtCl6]·6H2O, H2[IrCl6] and Ni(CH3CO2)2 in aqueous solution at high temperature (60-80 °C) yielding [PtCl2(Urea)]·2H2O (1), (NH4)2[PtCl6] (2), (NH4)2[IrCl6]·H2O (3) and [Ni2(OH)2(NCO)2(H2O)2] (4) complexes, respectively. In complex 1, urea coordinates to Pt(II) as a neutral bidentate ligand via amido nitrogen atoms. In complexes 2, 3 and 4 it seems that the coordinated urea molecules decompose during the reaction at high temperature and a variety of reaction products are obtained. All complexes were isolated in moderate yields as dark green (1), yellow (2), pale brown (3) and faint green (4) precipitates, respectively. The reaction products were characterized by their microanalysis, IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectra as well as thermal analysis. General mechanisms describing the formation of these complexes were suggested.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.15-19
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• 2009

A high efficient organic red light emitting device with structure of DNTPD/TAPC/$Bebq_2$ :[$(pq)_2Ir(acac)$, SFC-411]/SFC-137 was fabricated on the plastic substrate, which can be applied in the fields of flexible display and illumination. In the device structure, N,N'-diphenyl-N,N'-bis-[4-(phenyl-m-tolylamino)-phenyl]-biphenyl-4,4'-diamine[DNTPD] as a hole injection layer and 1,1-bis-(di-4-tolylaminophenyl) cyclohexane [TAPC] as a hole transport were used. Bis(10-hydroxybenzo[h]quinolinato) beryllium complex [$Bebq_2$] was used as a light emitting host material. The host material, $Bebq_2$ was doubly doped with volume ratio of 7% iridium(III)bis-(2-phenylquinoline)acetylacetonate[$(pq)_2$Ir(acac)] and 3% SFC-411[red phosphor dye coded by the proprietary company]. And then, SFC-137 was used as an electron transport layer. The luminous intensity and current efficiency of the fabricated device were $22,780\;cd/m^2$ at 9V and 17.3 cd/A under $10,000\;cd/m^2$, respectively. The maximum current efficiency of the device was 22.4cd/A under $580\;cd/m^2$.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.352-360
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to determine the electrochemical properties develop DSA electrode for sewage sludge solubilization. Using Ir as a main catalyst, the catalyst selected for the sewage sludge solubilization durability and proceeds to functional electrode suitable for sewage sludge electrolysis experiment were obtained the following results. Less mass reduction of the sintering temperature of the main catalyst, Ir coated electrodes, the endothermic reaction zone $300^{\circ}C$ to $500^{\circ}C$, which was selected from a range of experiments. The efficiency of the catalyst results came up to $350^{\circ}C$ best. Each Binder stars (Ta, Sn, W) in this experiment was the biggest catalyst efficiency at $350^{\circ}C$. Used as a binder, $TaCl_5$, $SnCl_4$, $WCl_6$ of the Ta and without affecting the other characteristics of the main catalyst than Sn, W. For the 50% $IrO_2$ electrode is 1.4 V (vs. Ag / AgCl) in a current of about $29mA/cm^2$ was caused to evaluate the effectiveness of the electrode.