• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.287-293
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• 1999

To assess the effects of gamma-ray (Co-60) on radiation sensitivity and genetic similarity of the basidiospore and mycelium in oyster mushroom, Pleurotus ostreatus, the D$_{10}$ values and RAPD patterns were analysed. Three strains were isolated from basidiospores (PO-Bl, -B2, and - B3 from 2 kGy irradiation group) and five strains from mycelia (PO-Ml, -M2 from 1 key, PO-M3 from 2 kGy, and PO-M4 and -M5 from 2+1 key irradiation group). The D$_{10}$ values of basidiospore and mycelium of P. Preurotus ostreatus were 1,250 Gy and 500 Gy, respectively. The growth rates of the eight strains on the five media were various and the activities of extracellular chitinases of them were generally higher than those of the control. By the gamma-ray radiation, 22-25% of genetic similarities were changed in the basidiospore strains and 23-36% of them in the mycelium strains. From these results, it seems that the basidiospore could be more radio-resistant than the mycelium of P. ostreatus and that the genetic similarity of the mycelium of P ostrentus could be changed easier than that of the basidiospore by the gamma-ray radiation.ion.

• 한국자기공명학회논문지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.134-143
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• 2010

We studied the hydrogen-bonded $TlH_2PO_4$ (TDP) ferroelectrics treated with the proton-beam bombardment. The TDP material was irradiated with 1-MeV proton beam at a dose of $10^{15}/cm^2$. In order to analyze the hydrogen environment in TDP, we carried out the $^1H$ high resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) - i.e., Combined Rotation And Multiple Pulse Spectroscopy (CRAMPS) measurement. The isotropic chemical shift of hydrogen indicates its displacive property is related to the $PO_4$ lattice deformation which occurs throughout the antiferroelectric-, the ferroelastic- and the paraelastic-phase transitions. The temperature dependence of $\sigma_{iso}$ reveals the electronic charge redistribution is induced by the proton-beam irradiation and the elastic property.

• The Korean Journal of Ceramics
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.43-46
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• 2000

$H_4Nb_6/O_{17}$/CdS nanocomposites which intercalated CdS particles, less than 0.8nm thickness, in the interlayer of $H_4Nb_6/O_{17}$ were prepared by the successive ion exchange reactions of $H_4Nb_6/O_{17}$ with $Cd^{2+}$ and $C_3H_7NH_3_+$, followed by the reaction with $H_2S$ gas. $H_4Nb_6/O_{17}$/CdS photocatalytically reduced $NO_3$￣ to $NO_2$￣ and $NH_3$in the presence of sacrificial hole acceptor such as methanol under visible light irradiation (wavelength>400nm), although unsupported CdS showed no noticeable photocatalytic activity for $NO_3$￣ reduction. The catalytic activity of $H_4Nb_6/O_{17}$/CdS greatly enhanced with co-doping of Pt particles in the interlayer.

• 복식
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• 제49권
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• pp.73-84
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to investigate dyeing properties of silk and wool fabric by Cassia tora extracts according to the conditions such as extraction(temperature time) dyeing(temperature time) condition kinds of mordants temperature of mordanting. The color fastness of laundering irradiation were examined. The results were as follows: The wavelength of maximum absorpthion by extracts appeared at 201, 277, 382nm in UV-Vis spectrum. Absorbance of extracts were increased with temperature and time. The extraction efficiency of Cassia tora was determined as $95^\circ{C}$ of extraction temperature 120 minutes of extraction time. Silk fabric had highest K/S value when dyeing for 90min at $40^\circ{C}$. Wool fabric had highest K/S value when dyeing for 60min at $80^\circ{C}$. Surface color of silk and wool fabric dyed with Cassia tora extracts was 3,9Y and 0.4Y but it was changed from 9.3YR to 7,4Y and from 9.4YR to 5Y by mordants. The fabrics of mordanted by metal ion dyed the depth of color. Laundering and irradiation fastness of mordanted fabrics were improved as compared with nonmordanted fabrics.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제33권12호
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• pp.3981-3986
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• 2012

Anatase nanocrystalline and its tungsten-doped (0.4, 2, and 4 mol %) powders have been synthesized by microwave irradiation through hydrolysis of titanium tetra-isopropoxide (TIP) in aqueous solution. The materials are characterized by XRD, Raman, SEM-EDX, TEM, FT-IR and UV-vis techniques. The nanocrystalline $TiO_2$ particles are 30 nm in nature and doping of tungsten ion decreases their size. As seen in TEM images, the crystallites of W (4 mol %) doped $TiO_2$ are small with a size of about 10 nm. The photocatalytic activity was tested on the degradation of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP). Catalytic activities of W-doped and pure $TiO_2$ were also compared. The results show that the photocatalytic activity of the W-doped $TiO_2$ photocatalyst is much higher than that of pure $TiO_2$. Degradation decreases from 96 to 50%, during 115 min, when the initial 4-NP concentration increases from 10 to 120 ppm. Maximum degradation was obtained at 35 mg of photocatalyst.

• Journal of Information Display
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.45-48
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• 2005

By applying a critical field treatment instead of the conventional surface treatments such as soft rubber roller, ion beam irradiation, adhesive taping, and laser irradiation, electron emission properties of screen-printed carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were enhanced and investigated based on the emission current-voltage characteristics through scanning electron microscopy. After nanotube emitters were activated at the applied electric-field of 2.5 V/um, the electron emission current density with good uniform emission sites reached the value of 2.13 mA/$cm^2$ , which is 400 times higher than that of the untreated sample, and the turn-on voltage decreased markedly from 700 to 460 V. In addition, enhancement of the alignment of CNTs to the vertical direction was observed.

• 방사선산업학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.75-82
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• 2012

Swine wastewater was treated using a unique sequence of ion exchange membrane bed system (IEBR). Organic matter and nutrient in swine wastewater was pre-treated by electron beam irradiation. The optimal dose for solubilization of organic matter in swine wastewater ranged from 20 kGy to 75 kGy. The carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids were investigated as the solubilized organic fraction of swine wastewater and proteins and lipids mainly contained of the solubilized organic matter. The solubilization of organic matter in swine wastewater was affected by the combination effect of temperature and a dose. The average chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency under room temperature conditions was 67.1%, while that under psychrophilic conditions was 54.6%. For removal of ammonia, the removal efficiency decreased from 63.6% at $23^{\circ}C$ to 33.5% $16.8^{\circ}C$. On the other hand, the removal of phosphorus was not a function of temperature. Struvite was one of main mechanisms in anaerobic condition.

• 청정기술
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.146-151
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• 2021

순수한 BiVO₄ 및 Sm 이온이 도핑된 BiVO₄ 촉매들을 수열합성법으로 제조하였고, 그들의 물리적 성질을 XRD, DRS, SEM 및 PL 등을 사용하여 특성분석을 하였다. 또한, 가시광 조사 하에서 로다민 B의 분해반응에서 광촉매로서의 활성을 조사하였다. Sm 이온의 첨가는 낮은 온도에서도 촉매의 결정구조를 ms-BiVO₄ 구조에서 tz-BiVO₄로 변화시켰다. 흡광도 분석결과로 부터 모든 촉매들은 Sm 이온의 도핑과 관련없이 가시광 영역에서 흡수스펙트럼을 보여주고 있다. 또한 순수한 BiVO₄ 촉매는 무정형의 형상을 보여주고 있으나 Sm 이온이 첨가되면 그 입자들의 형상이 타원형으로 변화하였으며 입자의 크기가 줄어 들었다. 로다민 B의 광분해 반응에서 순수한 BiVO₄ 촉매에 비해 Sm 이온이 첨가된 촉매들의 광분해 활성이 증가하였다. 또한, 3%로 도핑된 Sm3-BVO 촉매가 가장 높은 활성을 보일 뿐만 아니라 가장 높은 수산기 라디칼의 생성속도와 가장 큰 PL피크 세기를 나타내었다. 이 결과는 촉매와 물의 계면에서 얻어지는 수산기 라디칼(•OH)의 생성속도는 광촉매 활성과 밀접한 연관성이 있다는 것을 의미한다.

• 한국진공학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.97-102
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• 2006

양극 산화된 알루미나 (anodized aluminum oxide : AAO)는 균일하고 일정한 크기의 나노기공 패턴을 지니고 있다. AAO를 이온빔 나노 patterning을 위한 이온조사 시 마스크로서 이용하기 위해 AAO 나노 기공을 통과하는 이온빔의 투과율(AAO에 입사한 이온에 대한 투과이온의 양의 비)을 측정하였다. Al bulk foil을 양극 산화하여 두께가 $4{\mu}m$이고 종횡비(두께와 기공의 지름의 비)가 각각 200:1, 100:1 인 AAO를 Goniometer에 부착하여 500 keV의 $O^{2+}$ 이온빔에 대해 나노기공을 정렬시킨 후, 기울임 각에 따른 투과율을 측정한 결과, 종횡비가 200:1, 100:1 일 때 투과율은 각각 약 $10^{-8},\;10^{-4}$로 거의 이온빔이 투과하지 못하였다. 반면에 $SiO_2$ 위에 증착된 Al 박막으로 양극산화하여 종횡비가 5:1인 AAO의 이온빔 투과율은 0.67로 투과율이 현저히 향상되었다. 높은 종횡비를 갖는 AAO의 경우에는 범과 AAO 기공의 정렬이 쉽지 않은데다 알루미나의 비전도성으로 인한 charge-up 현상으로 인해 이온빔이 극히 투과하기 어렵기 때문이다. 실제로 80 keV의 Co 음이온을 종횡비 5:1인 AAO에 조사시킨 후에는 AAO 나노기공과 동일한 크기의 나노 구조체가 형성됨을 주사전자현미경(scanning electron microscopy: SEM) 관찰을 통하여 확인하였다.

• 한국진공학회지
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.371-376
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• 1996

유리기판(BK7)에 5-cm cold-hollow cathode형 이온건(ion gun)을 이용한 sputtering 방법으로 금 박막을 1600$\AA$ 두께 (RBS확인한 두께 : 1590 $\AA$)로 증착하였다. 증착후 15$\mu$A/$\textrm{cm}^2$의 이온전류밀도를 갖는 1 keV $Ar^+$ beam을 이용하여 $1\times 10^{16}\;Ar^+\textrm{cm}^{-2}$에서 $2\times 10^{17}\;Ar^+\textrm{cm}^{-2}$의 이온선량을 조사하였다. 박막제작시와 $Ar^+$이온조사시의 진공도는 $1\times 10^{-6}-1\times 10^{-5}$Torr이었으며, 기판온도는 상온으로 하였다. 금 박막은 $Ar^+$이온의 조사에 관계없이 모두 (111)방향만 관찰되었으며, $Ar^+$이온이 조사된 시료의 x-ray peak의 세기는 이온선량이 증가함에 따라 감소하였다. Rutherford Backscattering Spectroscopy(RBS) 측정결과 $Ar^+$ 이온선량이 증가함에 따라 sputtering yield는 감소하였다. $2\times 10^{17}\;Ar^+\textrm{cm}^{-2}$의 이온선량이 조사된 시료는 두께가 711$\AA$으로 이온의 조사에 의해 Au 박막이 879$\AA$ sputter된 것을 확인하였으며, 이 때 sputtering yield는 2.57이었다. Atomic Force Microscope(AFM) 측정 결과 이온선량이 증가함에 따라 Au 박막의 Rms표면 거칠기는 16$\AA$에서 118$\AA$으로 증가하였다. 또한 Scratch test를 이용한 박막의 접착력 측정결과 이온선량이 증가함에 따라 유리기판위에 Au박막의 접착력은 1.1N에서 10N으로 9배 이상 증가하였다. 이상의 결과로부터 낮은 에너지의 이온선을 조사하여 유리기판고 금 박막사이에 좋은 접착력을 갖는 박막을 제작할 수 있었다.