• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.279-285
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• 1998

손과 발에 정상 이상의 많은 땀이 나는 것은 정신적으로나 직업적으로 난처하고 때로는 무력한 상태를 만든다. 다한증은 자율신경계의 흔한 질병중 하나이다. 다한증은 특별한 치료법이 없었으며 따라서 액와 또는 경부 쪽에서 접근하는 절제술이 있었다. 최근에는 흉강경을 이용한 흉부수술(VATS)이 수장부와 액와부의 다한증에 가장 널리 사용되고 있다. 경희의료원에서는 1996년 3월부터 1997년 3월까지 양쪽 수장부에 다한증이 있는 15명의 환자를 양측 흉부 교감신경 절제술 (T2, T3, T4)을 시행하였고, 수술 전후로 컴퓨터 적외선 전신 체열 측정 (DITI)을 하였다. 이들 모두 개흉술로의 전환은 없었다. 3건의 술후 합병증으로 폐부종 1건, Horner씨 증후군 1건, 미각 다한증 1례가 있었다. 반 이상의 환\ulcorner에서 하복부, 둔부,배부, 대퇴부에 보상성 다한증이 나타났다. 결론적으로, 대부분의 환자는 수장부와 액와부에 땀이 나지 않고, 통증이 적고, 미용상 더 낫고, 족저부와 안면부에도 땀이 줄어 흉강경 수술 후의 결과에 대해 만족하였다. 또한 수술중에 수장부 온도를 측정함으로써 흉강경 교감신경 절제술의 성공 여부를 평가할 수 있었으며, 컴퓨터 적외선 체열 측정을 수술 전후로 시행함으로써 이 방법이 흉강경 교감신경 절제술의 성공적인 결과를 평가하는 객관적인 방법이 될 수 있었다고 사려된다.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.306-311
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• 2016

Objective: This study was performed to compare the changes in the blood concentrations of tacrolimus when either itraconazole or voriconazole is together with tacrolimus to prevent or treat invasive aspergillus pneumonia (IAP) in patients with lung transplants. Therefore we can compare the degree of drug-drug interactions between tacrolimus and itraconazole against tacrolimus and voriconazole. Methods: Patients who were admitted and had lung transplants in a territory referral hospital from September 2012 to May 2015 were analyzed retrospectively. The effects of itraconazole and voriconazole on the plasma concentrations of tacrolimus were analyzed. Results: Mean tacrolimus concentrations was $10.49{\pm}2.35ng/mL$ vs. $10.95{\pm}2.98ng/mL$ (p=0.722), and mean concentration of tacrolimus over the dose of tacrolimus per day was $8.510{\pm}5.890(ng/mL)/(mg/d)$ vs. $15.45{\pm}28.47(ng/mL)/(mg/d)$ (p=0.947) in itraconazole vs. voriconazole group each. The ratio of the number of the results out of target tacrolimus concentrations to the total number of tacrolimus concentration results was $18.0{\pm}13.3%$ vs. $24.4{\pm}18.5%$ (p=0.185). Conclusion: There were no significant differences between itraconzaole and voriconazole to have influences on mean concentrations of tacrolimus over tacrolimus dose per weight per day. However voriconazole tended to raise tacrolimus plasma concentrations more than itraconazole. Safer and more effective drug management to prevent and treat fungal infections should be done by therapeutic drug monitoring not only of tacrolimus but of itraconazole and voriconazole in lung transplant patients.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제25권11호
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• pp.1244-1254
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• 2015

부산시에 분포하고 있는 귀화식물은 총 31과 95속 147종 9변종으로 총 156분류군으로 확인되었다. 조사된 귀화식물의 과별분포는 국화과가 가장 다양한 44분류군으로 나타났으며, 벼과 24분류군, 콩과 10분류군의 순이었다. 생활형 분석결과 1~2년생 식물이 107분류군으로 전체의 68.6%를 차지했으며, 다년생 식물 47분류군(30.1%), 관목 1분류군(0.6%), 교목 1분류군(0.6%)이 확인되었다. 귀화도 분석결과 귀화도 2가 가장 많은 종수(42분류군)를 나타내었으나, 한반도 전체 귀화식물종의 분포를 고려할 때 귀화도 5의 종이 전체의 96.3%인 26분류군이 출현해 높은 종 다양성을 확인 할 수 있었다. 원산지 분석결과 유럽(50종)과 북아메리카(48종) 원산의 종이 높은 분포율을 보였으며, 정착양식은 이차식생 귀화종이 123분류군으로 가장 높은 수치를 나타냈다. 유입시기와 유입방법은 유입 1기와 탈출외래종에서 가장 높은 수치를 나타냈다. 부산지역에 분포하는 귀화식물의 분포 특성을 분석한 결과, 삼림을 제외한 대부분의 서식처 유형에서 다양한 귀화식물들이 확인되었으며, 한국 귀화식물종의 중요한 유입경로로 활용되고 있는 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 이들 종을 모니터링하기 위한 지속가능한 관리방안의 마련이 필요하며, 유입된 귀화식물의 생태적 특성을 파악하고 체계적인 관리방안 확립이 요구된다.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.256-270
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• 2000

Invasive hemodynamic monitoring has become a valuable assessment parameters in critical care nursing in patients undergoing open heart surgery patients. During cardiac surgery, the Swan Ganz catheter is placed in the pulmonary artery. Critical care nurses routinely obtain cardiac output, cardiac index, and pulmonary arterial pressure in these patients. Traditionally, patients are positioned flat and supine for cardiac output measurement. Numerous studies have dealt with the effects of changing position on the hemodynamic variables. However, there are a few studies dealing with patients who undergo cardiac surgery in Korea. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine the effects of changing position on cardiac output, PAP, CVP, BP, HR and discomfort in patients after cardiac surgery. A sample of 21 adults who had CABG and/or valve replacement with Swan Ganz catheters in place was studied. The data were collected in the cardiac ICU of a university hospital in Seoul during the period from July 28, 1999 to August 30. 1999. In this study, the independent variable is patient position in the supine, 30 degree, and 45 degree angles. Dependent variables are C.O., C.I., CVP, PAP, MAP, HR and patients' perceived discomforts. Subject discomfort was measured subjectively by visual analogue scale. Other hemodynamic data where collected by the thermodilution method and by direct measurement. The data were analyzed by percentile, t-test, ANOVA, Linear regression analysis using SPSS-/WIN program. The results are as follows : 1) Changes in cardiac output were absent in different angle positions, 0, 30. 45 degrees(F=.070, P=.932). Changes in cardiac index were absent in different angle positions, 0. 30, 45 degrees(P>.05). 2) Changes in central venous pressure were absent in different angle positions, 0, 30, 45 degree(P>.05). 3) PAP had no change in different angle 0, 30, 45 degree positions; systolic PAP(P>.05), diastolic PAP(P>.05). 4) Changes in systolic blood pressure were absent in different angle positions, 0, 30, 45 degree(P>.05). 5) Changes in heart rates were absent in different angle positions, 0, 30, 45 degree(P>.05). 6) Patients' perceived discomfort was absent in different angle positions, 0, 30, 45 degree(p<.05). In conclusion, critical care nurses can measure C.O., C.I., PAP, BP, & CVP in cardiac surgery patients at 30 degree or 45 degree positions. This can improve the patients' comfort.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제19권12호
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• pp.1742-1748
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• 2006

The experiment was conducted on 264 crossbred Karan-Fries (Holstein Friesian${\times}$Tharparkar) cows, over one year to explore the possibility of using milk urea (MU) concentration and milk protein content to monitor feeding adequacy under farm condition and to investigate the effects of different animal factors and season on MU concentration. Individual noon (1200 to 1300 h) milk samples were collected once in every month and analysed for urea and protein contents. Representative feed samples were also collected on the same day of milk collection and were analysed for CP content. A significant positive association (p<0.01) between MU concentration and milk yield was observed. MU concentrations (mg/dl) were found to be significantly (p<0.01) higher and lower in first lactation (44.8${\pm}$0.7) and in early lactation stage (40.7${\pm}$0.5), respectively. Average MU values were found to be significantly (p<0.01) higher in winter (50.7${\pm}$0.3) and lower in summer (32.9${\pm}$0.6). During the investigation, of the total MU observations, 50.3% were within the range of 30 to 50 mg/dl, 21.4% were <30 mg/dl and only 7.5% were >60 mg/dl. MU concentration was found to be associated significantly (p<0.05) with CP content of forages rather than concentrate. A close positive association (p<0.01) between MU level and daily milk protein (DMP) yield was observed during the investigation. The regression equation, DMP yield (g) = -24.6+33.5 daily milk yield (kg) +0.9 MU (mg/dl) was developed to establish the reference level of DMP yield. The result indicates that the effect of parity and stage of lactation may be ignored while interpreting MU values. However, reference MU values may be standardised separately for high milk yielders as level of milk yield contributes significantly to the variation of MU. The study revealed that the MU values together with DMP yield and milk protein content could be used as a potential non-invasive pointer to monitor feeding adequacy in dairy cows under farm conditions.

• 핵의학기술
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.33-38
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• 2008

Purpose: The Gated cardiac blood pool scan is non-invasive method that a quantitative evaluation of left ventricular function. Also this scan have shown the value of radionuclide ejection fraction measurements during the course of chemotherapy as a predictor of cardiac toxicity. Therefore a reliable method of monitoring its cardiotoxic effects is necessary. the purpose of this study is to minimize the overestimate of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) by modified body position to reduce the influence of scattered rays from surrounding organs of the heart in the background region of interest. Materials and Methods: Gated cardiac blood pool scan using in vivo $^{99m}Tc$-red blood cell (RBC) was carried out in 20 patients (mean $44.8{\pm}8.6$ yr) with chemotherapy for a breast carcinoma. Data acquisition requires about 600 seconds and 24 frames of one heart cycle by the multigated acquisition mode, Synchronization deteriorates toward the end of the cycle and with the distance from the trigger signal (R-wave) by ECG gating. Gated cardiac blood pool scan was studied with conventional method (supine position and the detector head in $30-45^{\circ}$ left anterior oblique position and caudal $10-20^{\circ}$ tilt) and compared with modified method (left lateral flexion position with 360 mL of drinking water). LVEF analysis was performed by using the automatically computer mode. Results: The ROI counts of modified scan method were lower than LV conventional method ($1429{\pm}251$ versus $1853{\pm}243$, <0.01). And LVEF of modified method was also decrease compared with conventional method ($58.3{\pm}5.6%$ versus $65.3{\pm}6.1%$, <0.01). Imaging analysis indicated that stomach was expanded because of water and spleen position was changed to lateral inferior compared with conventional method. Conclusion: This study shows that the modified method in MUGA reduce the influence of scattered rays from surrounding organs. Because after change the body position to left lateral flexion and drinking water, the location of spleen, left lobe of liver and stomach had changed and they could escaped from background ROI. Therefore, modified method could help to minimize the overestimate LVEF (%).

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.16-25
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• 2003

후두암은 유병율이 높지만 조기에 발견하면 90% 이상의 치유율과 발성기능의 보존이 가능하며 현재 음성분석을 이용한 진단법이 시도되고 있으나 정립된 선별검사법은 없는 실정이다. 성문전도검사(electroglottography, EGG)는 성대의 진동양상을 알 수 있는 비침습적 검사로서 발성과 음성합성의 연구에 많이 사용되고 있다. 본 연구는 EGG에서 관찰되는 파라미터들을 다층 퍼셉트론(multilayer perceptron)구조의 신경회로망(artificial neural network)으로 감별하는 기법을 이용하여 후두암 감별법에 대한 연구로서 부산대학교병원을 내원한 후두암 환자 10명과 양성후두질환 26명을 대상으로 새로 고안한 Electroglottograph(v1.0)를 이용하여 검사하고 이의 임상적 유용성을 평가하였다. EGG 파라미터인 closed quotient(CQ), speed quotient(SQ), speed index(SI), fundamental frequency(F0), Jitter, Shimmer 등은 MATLAB 6.5 (Mathwork, Inc.)로 작성한 분석 프로그램을 이용하여 추출하였다. 각 환자에서 추출된 EGG 파라미터들을 다층 퍼셉트론 구조의 신경회로망으로 감별하였다. CQ는 각 질환군 간에 유의한 차이가 없었지만 SQ, SI, Jitter, Shimmer 등은 성대질환의 특성에 따라 유의한 차이를 보였다. 신경회로망에서 감별한 결과 CQ를 제외한 SQ, SI, Jitter, Shimmer 등에서 71.3-90%의 후두암의 감별율을 보였다. 또한 SQ, SI, Jitter, Shimmer를 3개씩 조합한 실험에서는 SQ-Jitter-Shimmer와 SQ-SI-Shimmer의 후두암의 감별율이 93%로 가장 높았고, SQ-SI-Jitter 90.9%, SI-Jitter-Shimmer 88.6%로 전체적으로 85% 이상의 높은 감별율을 나타내었다. 이러한 결과는 EGG검사와 신경회로망을 이용한 양성과 악성 후두질환의 감별이 가능함을 시사한다. 향후 성대 질환의 병태생리를 대변할 수 있는 파라미터가 추가로 개발되고 분류 알고리듬이 개선된다면 EGG를 이용한 성대질환의 감별 진단이 보다 정확해질 것으로 사료되었다.

• 융합신호처리학회논문지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.6-14
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• 2007

요역동학검사는 하부요로계의 이상증상을 진단하기위하여 수행된다. 일반적으로 임상에서 행해지는 요역동학검사에서는 침습적인 방법으로 방광을 채운 후 배뇨하는 절차를 거친다. 하지만 이러한 방법은 카테터를 삽입해야하므로 환자에게 고통을 수반하게 한다. 본 연구에서는 비침습적이고 보다 편리한 방법으로 하부요로계의 기능을 평가할 수 있는 시스템을 구현하고자 하였다. 비침습적인 방법으로 하부요로증상(lower urinary tract symptoms, LUTS)의 진단을 위하여 배뇨시 요속, 요류음, 비침습적 방광내압을 측정할 수 있는 시스템을 구현하였다. 구현된 시스템은 센서부, 신호처리부, FPGA를 이용한 시스템 제어부 그리고 PC모니터링 프로그램으로 구성하였다. 그리고 구현된 계측시스템의 평가를 위하여 FPGA 시스템 제이부의 시뮬레이션을 수행하였고 인체의 하부요로계를 모식화한 실험장치를 구현하였다. 실험장치를 이용한 측정부의 평가결과 요속측정부의 평균에러율이 1.08%, 계수변화율이 1.48로 평가되었다. 그리고 비침습적 방광내압부는 평균에러율이 2.41%, 계수변화율이 2.81로 나타났다. 요류음신호의 시간영역과 주파수영역에서의 분석위해 평균실효치전력(average RMS power)과 주파수영역에서의 중심주파수(median frequency, MF)를 분석하였으며, 그 결과 $60{\sim}160Hz$의 중심주파수대에서 폐색을 가장 잘 반영하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.69-75
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• 2006

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC) is the sixth most common cancer among men in the developed world affecting the tongue, pharynx, larynx and oral cavity. HNSCC is thought to represent a multistep process whereby carcinogen exposure leads to genetic instability in the tissue and accumulation of specific genetic events, which result in dysregulation of proliferation, differentiation, and cell loss and the acquisition of invasive capacity. Despite therapeutic and diagnostic progress in oncology during the past decades, the prognosis of HNSCC remains poor. Thus it seems that finding a biological tumor markers which will increase the early diagnosis and treatment monitoring rates, is of paramount importance in respect to improving prognosis. In an effort to identify gene expression signatures that may serve as biomarkers, this study several genes were selected, such as H3,3A, S100A7, UCHL1, GSTP1, PAI-2, PLK, TGF${\beta}$1 and bFGF, and used 7 HNSCC cell lines that were established various anatomical sites, and also 17 other cancer cell lines were used for control group using real-time quantitative RT-PCR and immunocytochemical analysis with a monoclonal antibody. In this study, S100A7 showed a clearly restricted occurrence in tongue originated cell line, and GSTP1 expression level in the pharynx originated cell line was very increased, relative to corresponding other cell lines. These results suggest that S100A7 and GSTP1 genes' expression can occur during tongue and pharynx originated head and neck tumorigenesis and that genetic change is an important driving force in the carcinogenesis process. This data indicate that S100A7 and GSTP1 expression pattern in HNSCC reflect both diagnostic clue and biological marker. And this is provides a foundation for the development of site-specific diagnostic strategies and treatments for HNSCC.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.271-287
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• 2003

Statement of problem: Resonance frequency analysis (RFA) has been increasingly served as a non-invasive and objective method for clinical monitoring of implant stability. Many clinical studies must be required for standardized baseline data using RFA. Purpose: This study was performed to evaluate RFA value changes in two stage surgery group and one stage surgery group in patients. Material and method: Forty-seven mandibles in consecutively implant installed patients were selected for this study and 141 fixtures were installed. Ninety-three fixtures were double threaded, machined surface design ($Br{\aa}anemark^{(R)}$ MK III, Nobel Biocare AB, Goteborg, Sweden) and 48 fixtures were root form, threaded, HA-coated surface one ($Replace^{TM}$, Steri-Oss/Nobel Biocare AB, USA). Among those, each 10 fixture was installed in one stage group patients. ISQ values were measured using $Osstell^{TM}$ (Integration Diagnostics Ltd. Sweden) during fixture installation, at healing abutment connection and in the loading period for two stage surgery group patients and during at each 4, 6, 8, 10, 12week and in the loading phase for one stage surgery group patients and evaluated the changes according to the time and fixture type. Results: In two stage surgery group, mean and SO of ISQ values of machined surface implants were $76.85{\pm}3.74,\;75.76{\pm}5.04,\;75.73{\pm}4.41$ and those of HA-coated surface implant were $75.05{\pm}6.23,\;77.58{\pm}5.23,\;78.32{\pm}4.29$ during fixtures installation, at healing abutment connection and in the loading period, respectively. In one-stage surgery group, the ISQ values of machined surface and HA-coated surface implants decreased until 4 or 6 week and maintained at plateau for 1-3 week and increased to the loading period. Conclusions: Machined and HA-coated surface implants showed minimal ISQ changes with time if they were installed at the sites showing at least intact cortical plate and good bone qualities. And HA-coated implants had a tendency to show somewhat increased ISQ values with time.