• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.104-114
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• 2023

In this study, the distribution, bait preference, hosts, symbionts, habitat status, and cytochrome c oxidase subunit-I sequences of the ant Linepithema humile were analyzed. This species habitat comprised approximately 1.5 km along stone crevices, flower gardens, roadsides, and container yards in the vicinity of Busan station, Korea. Feeding activity of this species was confirmed in 9 species of 7 families of plants. Which was approximately 14% of total flora (63 species of 37 families) in the studied area. Particularly, it was observed that Dendranthema indicum and Camellia japonica were the most frequently visited. Further, we verified that they interacted with four species of aphids. We identified 22 species of ants (17 genera, 4 subfamilies) inhabiting the Busan station area, including L. humile, Tetramorium tsushimae, Nylanderia flavipes and the alien species Paratrechina longicornis. In areas where L. humile was the dominant species, the habitat of local native ants was reduced by approximately 30%. Bait preference was ranked in the following order: jelly, water with glucose (25%), and yogurt, with the highest preference for baits containing sugar and protein. The 630-bp cytochrome c oxidase subunit-I sequences of the local L. humile populations were 99% identical to those of L. humile in the National Center for Biotechnology Information database, and the Argentine ants that invaded Korea had a sequence identical to that of other invasive populations from China, Japan, and New Zealand. As L. humile rapidly increases due to domestic adaptation, continuous monitoring and control strategy for eradication are needed to protect domestic biodiversity.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.67-90
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• 2024

The purpose of this study is to present the ecological data for conservation and management of three wetlands by surveying the vascular plants in Ganam reservoir, Ahnshim wetland and Jeomsae swamp. The whole taxa of vascular plants were 376 taxa including 90 families, 252 genera, 341 species, 7 subspecies, 24 varieties, 2 forms, 1 hybrid and 1 cultivar, and the planted species were 66 taxa including Ginkgo biloba and so on. The rare plants were 7 taxa including Euryale ferox(VU), Aristolochia contorta(LC), Koelreuteria paniculata(VU), Sagittaria trifolia(DD), Hydrocharis dubia(LC), Ottelia alismoides(LC) and Sparganium stoloniferum(VU). The Korean endemic plant was 1 taxon of Lespedeza maritima. In total, there were 21 taxa of floristic target species including 1 taxon of garde V, 2 taxa of grade IV, 6 taxa of grade III, 5 taxa of grade II and 7 taxa of grade I . The hydrophytes were 51 taxa including 36 taxa of emergent species, each 6 taxa of floating-leaved and submerged species and 3 taxa of free-floating species. The invasive alien plants were 79 taxa including 75 taxa of naturalized plants and 4 taxa of casual alien plant. The ecosystem disturbing species 6 taxa including Sicyos angulatus, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Lactuca seriola, Symphyotrichum pilosum, Paspalum distichum and Humulus scandens.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.13-33
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to offer the raw data for establishing the management and restoration plan by objective surveying and analysing the flora distributed in Seoak District, Gyeongju National Park, Korea. The flora summarized as 411 taxa including 92 families, 285 genera, 363 species, 2 subspecies, 41 varieties and 5 forms. The rare plants designated by Korea Forest Service were 2 taxa including Exochorda serratifolia and Potentilla discolor. The Korean endemic plants were 3 taxa including Philadelphus schrenkii, Lespedeza maritima and Weigela subsessilis. The specific plants by floristic region were 16 taxa including Asplenium sarelii, Pyrrosia petiolosa, Vitex negundo var. incisa and so forth. The target plants adaptable to climate change were 2 taxa including Lespedeza maritima and Carpesium macrocephalum, and the plants with approval for delivering oversea were 4 taxa including Exochorda serratifolia, Glycine soja, Lespedeza maritima and Weigela subsessilis. The naturalized plants were 51 taxa including Phytolacca americana, Viola papilionacea, Lamium purpureum and so forth. The invasive alien plants were 3 taxa including Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Aster pilosus and Lactuca scariola. NI(Naturalized Index) was 12.4% of all 411 taxa of surveyed flora in this study and UI(Urbanized Index) was 15.9% of all 321 taxa of naturalized plants in Korea. Potentilla discolor in rare plant, Philadelphus schrenkii in endemic plant and Dictamnus dasycarpus in specific plant were established the conservation plan. Whereas, invasive alien plants such as Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Aster pilosus and Lactuca scariola should be removed as soon as possible. The damaged sites in Seoak District were divided between wildfire area and farmland. To restore a forest fire site, we will have to apply a natural renewal and community planting. In case of farmland, we will have to do ecological planting using native species and constrcut a forest wetland.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.71-99
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• 2022

본 연구는 강원도 고성군에 위치한 마산의 관속식물상을 조사하고 희귀·특산 식물 등 주요 식물과 침입외래식물의 분포를 파악하고자 수행되었다. 조사는 2010년부터 2018년까지 계절별 총 11회에 걸쳐 관속식물 분포를 조사하였다. 조사를 통해 확인된 관속식물은 총 총 93과 328속 529종 6아종 78변종 6품종 619분류군이 자생하는 것을 확인하였다. 이 중 한국 특산식물은 금강분취(Saussurea diamantica Nakai) 등 21분류군, 산림청지정 희귀식물 중 위기종(EN)은 구실바위취(Saxifraga octopetala Nakai) 등 2분류군, 취약종(VU)은 천마(Gastrodia elata Blume) 등 3분류군, 약관심종(LC)은 세잎종덩굴(Clematis koreana Kom.) 등 15분류군 등 총 20분류군의 희귀식물이 확인되었다. 침입외래식물은 광분포(WS) 등급은 붉은토끼풀(Trifolium pratense L.) 등 12분류군, 심각한 확산종(SS)은 미국쑥부쟁이(Aster pilosus Willd.) 등 8분류군, 확산위험종(SR)은 큰금계국(Coreopsis lanceolata L.) 등 4분류군, 확산우려종(SC)은 돌소리쟁이(Rumex obtusifolius L.) 등 6분류군 및 확산진행종(CS)은 미국외풀(Lindernia dubia (L.) Pennell) 등 5분류군, 총 35분류군으로 파악되었다. 귀화율은 5%, 도시화지수는 10.0%로 각각 나타났다. 본 연구를 통해 마산 주변에서 희귀·특산식물 등 주요식물이 다양하게 분포하고 있는 것을 파악하였으나, 산림 생물다양성 보전 및 증진에 큰 위협이 되는 침입외래식물이 특정 구간에서 집중적으로 확산하여 분포하는 것이 확인되어 보전 전략 및 대책 수립이 절실하다.

• Journal of Species Research
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.136-159
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• 2019

This study was carried out to investigate the flora of six islands belonging to the Gogunsan Archipelago (i.e., Sinsi-do, Seonyu-do, Munyeo-do, Yami-do, Bian-do, and Duri-do) in the Korean Peninsula. As results of five field surveys from March to October of 2016, we have identified 575 total taxa, representing 527 species, five subspecies, 42 varieties, and one hybrid, placed in 358 genera and 118 families. Of these 575 taxa, four are endemic to Korea, six taxa are listed on the Korean Red List of threatened species, 67 are floristic regional indicator plants, and 74 are invasive alien species. In this study, we compared species richness among the islands, and find that the larger the islands, the higher the species richness. In the case of habitat affinity types, forest species were most common, followed by farmland, seacoast, bare ground and wetland species. From similarity analyses based on the composition of vascular plants, each island did not exhibit either local specificity or unique diversity. On the contrary, the proportion of invasive alien and ruderal species may increase by human activities. Investigations and analyses of island flora such as this are important to assess the current status of the flora, predict future vegetation patterns and the spread of the alien species, and establish managment plans of plant diversity.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.197-205
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• 2003

White snakeroot (Ageratina altissima (L.) R. King & H. Robinson) as an invasive alien plant appeared more abundantly at lower elevations where frequent artificial interferences prevailed than at higher elevations where such impacts were less. They appeared abundantly in introduced forests such as black locust plantation but they did not appear or were rare in natural forests such as oak forest. But an exceptional phenomenon where white snakeroot did not appear was found in a Korean pine stand with dense cover afforested recently. Appearance status of white snakeroot in each section of trampling path depended on breadth of the path and relative light intensity. Growth of white snakeroot measured as the number of ramet per genet, height, and biomass was better near the trampling path and was reduced toward the forest interior. The growth was proportionate to the relative light intensity measured according to distance from the trampling path. Such results support the fact generally known in relation invasion and expansion of the invasive alien plants. From this viewpoint, we suggest a management plan that applies ecological restoration principles to address ecosystems infected with white snakeroot by restoring the integral feature of the degraded nature and more thoroughly conserving the remaining nature.

• 생태와환경
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• 제54권2호
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• pp.142-150
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• 2021

To analyze the distribution characteristics of alien plants in various habitat types, 249 sites were selected from four administrative districts in the Gyeongsang region of Korea. The survey was conducted across nine different habitat types. A total of 115 species of alien plants were collected; comprising 23 families, 73 genera, 112 species, and 3 varieties. Species from the family Compositae were the most common at 33.0%. Raunkiaer's life forms had the highest occurrence rate with 70 species(60.9%) of therophytes(Th) followed by 30 species (26.1%) of hemicryptophytes (H) and 8 species (7.0%) of geophytes (G). The distributions of alien plant species per habitat type were: 81 species on the roadside; 80 species on vacant lots and artificial habitats; 67 species in streams; 53 species in grasslands; 47 species in cultivated lands; and 39 species on the coast. Since 2017, the number of alien plants has increased in Gyeongju-si, Cheongdo-gun, and Pohang-si, and decreased in Ulsan Metropolitan-si. In each region, 614 taxa were observed. The invasive alien species, Sicyos angulatus, Hypocaeris radicata, and Solanum carolinense, were observed for the first time and are expected to further increase the disturbance of the ecosystem.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.720-761
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• 2022

This study surveyed the vascular flora present in abandoned paddy field type of 237 forest wetlands in Korea to provide baseline data for conservation, management, and monitoring and to support preparation for damage and climate change. The study period was from April 2015 to November 2021. The vascular flora of 237 forest wetlands by abandoned paddy field type were identified to consist of 128 families, 510 genera, 1,022 species, 27 subspecies, 87 varieties, 10 forma, and 1,146 taxa. 4 taxa were identified as grade II endangered wild plants, 185 taxa were identified as northern lineage plants of the Korean Peninsula, 43 taxa were endemic to the Korean Peninsula, and 58 taxa were rare plants as designated by the Korea Forest Service. Further, 296 taxa were floristic target plants and there were 86 taxa of invasive alien plants. According to wetland preference, 79 taxa (6.9%) were obligate wetland plants, 103 taxa (9.0%) were facultative wetland plants, and 61 (5.3%) taxa were facultative plants. Additionally, 66 taxa (5.8%) were facultative upland plants, and 837 taxa (73.0%) were obligate upland plants.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권11호
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• pp.488-496
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• 2018

본 연구는 강원도 생태계 교란식물 관리 제거사업 추진 현황을 종합적으로 평가하여, 교란식물의 효율적인 관리방안을 모색하는 것이다. 또한 근본적인 해결방안을 도출하여 예산투입의 효율성 제고, 생태계 기능 향상, 일자리 창출 및 소득화와 연계하여 지역경제 활성화 등을 제안하고자 한다. 생태계 교란식물 분포지역은 하천변이 39.6%로 가장 많았으며, 도로변 23.3%, 도로변-하천변 12.4%, 경작지 주변 및 제방 4.6% 등의 순으로 나타났다. 생태계 교란식물 관리방안으로는 i) 생태계 교란식물 모니터링 및 관리체계 구축, ii) 도민, 민간단체, 군(軍)부대 참여 활성화, iii) 대체식물 식재, iv) 생태계 교란식물 활용 산업 육성 등을 제안하였다. 본 연구 결과를 기초로 향후 추진되어야할 정책으로 i) 생태계 교란식물 관련 법률 제도 개선, ii) 생태계 교란식물 관리 협력체계 구축, iii) 민간 전문가 양성교육 사업 추진, iv) 생태계 교란식물 제거사업 방식의 병행 추진, v) 시 군별 대체식물 식재 모델 개발, vi) 생태계 교란식물을 활용한 산업 육성, vii) 재원확보 및 효율화를 위한 한강 수계관리기금 활용 등을 제안하였다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.237-242
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• 2006

Non-native flora of the Ulleung island, located in the eastern part of South Korea, was surveyed as 54 taxa with 16 families, 35 genera, 53 species and 1 variety. Considering the geographical distribution aspects of the island, the flora of the island showed more closely related with Korean Peninsular than Japan. Poaceace (28%) and Asteraceae (24%) represents more than 50% of the non-native flora in Ulleung island, meaning that they have an advantage of seed dispersal and adaptation to new environments. Ulleung island is comparatively small island of vulnerable to the attack of invasive alien plants but presently, it has the least number of non-native plants than other areas in South Korea. Therefore, we need to take much interest in prevention and mitigation of non-native plant in the future.