• The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.79-86
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• 2013

Objective : The purpose of this study was to suggest (diagnostic) criteria for lumbar disc space and see the correlation between lumbar disc space narrowing and the level of HIVD. Methods : We looked at the 113 patients diagnosed disc space narrowing with lumbar x-ray and MRI films who have visited Jaseng Hospital of Oriental Medicine with low back pain in October,2013. The width of lumbar disc space and the severity of Herniated Intervertebral Disc(HIVD) on MRI films were collected and stastically analyzed using one-way ANOVA. Results : In this study, measured value(%) for lumbar disc space of the group diagnosed serious HIVD, such as protrusion, extrusion and migration was significantly decresed compared to the normal group and the bulging group. Conclusion : There was a significant correlation between lumbar disc space narrowing and the level of HIVD.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.219-224
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• 2002

Fifty six dogs diagnosed with intervertebral disk disease between January 1999 and August 2001 were reviewed to characterize signalments and prognosis. Seventy-five percent was chondrodystrophoid breeds (42 dogs). Mean age was 5.1$\pm$3.0 year-old and fifty-four percent had acute onset. Interspaces between eleventh thoracic vertebrae and fourth lumbar vertebrae were affected most commonly. Success rate of conservative treatment to dogs with paresis was 83% and that of operation to dogs with paralysis was 67%. Six dogs were recurred and 50% of them had recovered again. There was significant correlation between success rate of treatment and the degree of clinical signs but there was no significant correlation between success rate of treatment and rate of onset, status of clinical signs, duration of clinical signs.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.363-368
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• 2006

Objective : Little is known about the comprehensive molecular and biological mechanism on the development of the degeneration of the intervertebral disc. Many kinds of matrix metalloproteinase[MMP] initiate the degradation of the extracellular matrix including several kinds of collagens and proteoglycans. We compared molecular and immunohistochemical features of degenerated intervertebral disc and normal counterparts in order to investigate the role of MMP-1, 2, 3, 9. Methods : We have evaluated MMP-1, 2, 3, 9 expression in 30 surgically resected lumbar disc from degenerative disc disease patients and 5 normal control cases. RT-PCR[reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction] and immunohistochemistry were performed. Results : By RT-PCR, normal tissue samples showed merely scant expression of MMP-1, 2, 3, 9 mRNA, but degenerated disc samples revealed more pronounced expression. mRNA amplifications were detected in 60%, 63.3%, 70%, 53.3% cases By immunohistochemistry, normal tissue samples showed minimal protein expression of MMP-1, 2, 3, 9, but degenerated disc samples revealed more pronounced expression. Protein expressions were detected in 73.3%, 63.3%, 76.7%, 63.3% cases. Both the mRNA amplification and protein overexpression rates were significantly higher in degenerated disc than in the normal tissue. Concordance between both the mRNA amplification and protein expressions of MMP-1, 3, 9 were not observed, but there is well correlation in MMP-2 expression. Conclusion : We concluded that the over-expressions of the MMP-1, 2, 3, 9 may contribute to the development of degeneration of the intervertebral disc.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.516-525
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• 2016

Lumbar discs are one of the first parts of the musculoskeletal system to age in the human body. Lumbar disc for females start to age at twenty years of age and completely age between fifty and sixty. The number of lumbar herniated intervertebral disc patients are increasing rapidly; however, studies on protective inner wear are insufficient. This study was conducted to develop protective inner wear equipment that retains an aesthetic appreciation of the body. The methods and procedures of this study are as follows. First, foreign and domestic lumbar pads were researched and analyzed by visiting medical shops and internet shopping malls that sell lumbar pads. Second, the survey was conducted on forty patients with disc disease in hospitals located in Seoul and surrounding suburbs. The following are the study results and observations. First, the lumbar pads selling on the market had a variety of designs, textiles, and fabrics. The result of the research was to develop additional inner protective equipment for lumbar herniated intervertebral disc patients. Second, the survey results of the forty patients with disc disease were that housewives were the most vulnerable. All patients had experience purchasing lumbar pads. The prevention of pain and stress were the most selected responses for the motivation to buy lumbar pads. Most individuals said that they used lumbar pads for less than 1 year. Dissatisfaction came from fabric, activity and design. 'Being uncomfortable to wear' was the most common complaint. 'Protection and how easy the clothes were to wear' were the most selected for the necessity of developments. The Inner wear shape was the most selected in shape. Except for six respondents, all favored the lumbar protective inner wear design.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.511-514
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• 2014

A 7-year-old, female Beagle dog presented with a primary complaint of severe neck pain and paretic gait. A lesion was suspected between C6 and T2 on the basis of neurological examinations. Magnetic resonance imaging of the cervicothoracic spine revealed herniation of disc material from the C7-T1 intervertebral space resulting in marked spinal cord compression. Hemilaminectomy was performed to treat the intervertebral disc disease at C7-T1. Treatment was effective and the clinical condition of the dog was remarkably improved. This result suggests that hemilaminectomy is an effective option for surgical treatment of intervertebral disc disease at the cervicothoracic junction in dogs.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.467-469
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• 2017

Signalment: A 7-month-old, female domestic shorthaired cat was presented for acute pelvic limb paraparesis. Results: There was no abnormality on survey radiographs and blood analysis, however neurological examination revealed proprioception positioning and hopping was absent in the pelvic limbs. Also, anal tone and perineal sensation were reduced. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging showed nucleus pulposus dehydration and disc protrusion at T12-T13. Ill-defined diffuse lesion was found at T10-L2 level and it showed isointense on T1-weighted images and hyperintense on T2-weighted and FLAIR images. This lesion was considered as edematous lesion secondary to disc protrusion. The presumptive diagnosis was focal spinal cord edema associated with intervertebral disc protrusion. A traumatic aetiology was suspected. The cat was treated corticosteroids and analgesic and clinical sign improved following 9 days of treatment. Clinical relevance : Intervertebral disc protrusion is rare disease in a cat. However, it could be considered as a cause of paraparesis in cats.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.139-144
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• 2019

Intervertebral disk disease is a common neurological disease in dogs. In veterinary neurology clinics, the incidence of intervertebral disk disease and the spinal cord compression rate of the disk are well documented. However, the direction of herniation of the intervertebral disk is relatively less known on Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Therefore, this study systematically investigated and analyzed the intervertebral disk disease in dogs. Especially, classification according to the direction of herniation of the disk, the degree of pre - treatment neurological manifestation, and the compression rate was investigated. In addition, the treatment methods of patients who received treatment after visiting the Chonbuk animal medical center (CAMC) were divided into pharmacological treatment and surgical treatment. The location of intervertebral disc in spinal canal was mainly ventral (69.9%), and when the prognosis was evaluated according to the compression rate of the spinal cord, the prognosis of the surgical treatment (72.7%) was more effective than the non - surgical medication (40.6%). Surgical treatment (83.3%) was more successful than nonsurgical medication (60%), especially in cases of severe spinal cord compression (> 50%). In this study, surgical treatment was more effective when the neurological symptoms were severe or the spinal cord compression rate was high.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Veterinary Clinics Conference
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.219-219
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• 2009

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.124-129
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• 2013

Embedding Therapy keep the stimulation to acupoint. Recently, Embedding Therapy is used for various disease and also studied in many different fields especially in China. In Korea, Embedding Therapy is studied and used for dermatology, face-lift, obesity, facial palsy most frequently. Chinese studies shows us Embedding Therapy could help musculoskeletal system disorder, lumbar herniated intervertebral disc, sprain, spinal canal stenosis. In Korea study concerning lumbar herniated intervertebral disc treatment used Embedding Therapy is few. This study's purpose is to ensure effect of Embedding Therapy at lumbar herniated intervertebral disc treatment. Four lumbar disc herniation patients had been treated with Embedding Therapy were described in this article. The patients(n=4) had been suffering from chronic lower back and leg pain that continued for more than 6 months. All patients had been diagnosed as lumbar disc herniation by MRI or CT, and treated with Embedding Therapy at least 2 times(7 days interval). 2 patients had been treated with concurrent treatment of acupuncture therapy, and the other 2 patients with concurrent treatment of acupuncture and herbal therapy. We observed 4 patients for more than 2 weeks, and their symptoms and quality of daily life had been improved. This suggests that lumbar disc herniation can be successfully recovered with Concurrent Embedding Therapy under conventional Korean Medical Treatment without side effects.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.67-71
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• 2006

Objective : Herniation of Intervertebral Disc(HIVD) is the most common disease causing low back pain. Acupuncture and Bee Venom Acupuncture has been us ε d for treatment of HIVD. This study is to investigate the effective of Bee Venom Acupuncture for HIVD. Methods : We researched 18 patients who were diagnosed by CT and MRI as having HIVD, and treated them Acupuncture only or Acupuncture and Bee Venom Acupuncture. We compared the VAS and ROM angle of two groups. Results & Conclusions : 1. In admission date, no significant improvement between Acupuncture group and Bee Venom Acupuncture group 2. In variation of flexion and extension, Bee Venom Acupuncture group shows statistically significant improvement 3. In VAS, Bee Venom Acupuncture group shows statistically significant improvement for 1 week and discharge day