• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.42 no.2 s.119
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• pp.280-294
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• 2007

This paper aims to examine the ways in which the Singaporean government has promoted the "global city" imaging strategy as a means for marketing Singapore. Since the 1990s, Singapore has pursued a place-marketing strategy that aims at imaging itself as a "creative", "culturally vibrant" and "cosmopolitan" global city by utilizing various cultural, tourist and spatial policy measures. It argues that the Singaporean government has promoted this particular imaging strategy under a broader economic resoucturing program, aiming at transforming the Singapore's economy into a "knowledge-driven" one, under which the attraction of international knowledge workers is seen as crucial for the competitiveness and innovation. This paper also discusses the limitations of this strategy, focusing on growing tensions between the global and the local in the Singaporean society and the ways in which the authoritarian and top-down nature of governance have restricted the genuine development of the "culturally vibrant" environment in Singapore.

• Educational Technology International
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.93-127
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• 2024

This study evaluates the effect of structured debriefing for a business simulation game for university students. The program provides an authentic learning experience of real-world business management by allowing learners to make decisions related to R&D, marketing, production, and finance through a business simulation game, and check the results in real time. In 2022, University A and B each ran a business simulation game-based program as an extra-curricular activity. University A conducted a traditional instructor-led debriefing where the instructor explained the summarized process and results, while University B implemented a structured debriefing which had been developed based on Gibbs' and 3D models. To assess the effect of the structured debriefing compared to the traditional instructor-led debriefing, business knowledge and entrepreneurship competencies were measured three times. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to test for the differences between the two groups and to examine interaction effects between group and time. The structured debriefing group achieved statistically significantly higher academic scores than the traditional instructor-led debriefing group at the post-test and in 2 weeks. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of entrepreneurship competencies. There was no interaction effect between group and time, both in academic achievement and in entrepreneurship competencies. In conclusion, the simulation game-based program integrated with the structured debriefing session is more likely to have a stronger impact on academic achievement and its retention.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.152-165
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate the status of implementing special events within school foodservice operations. A total of 359 questionnaires were distributed to dietitians employed at school foodservice operations in Busan from July 1 to 31, 2006 (response rate: 93%). The results indicated that approximately half of the respondents (47.7%) did not implement special events. The types of special events that foodservice operations had most frequently implemented were 'traditional festival day events' (19.0%), 'subdivisions of the season events' (18.3), 'seasonal events' (17.1%), 'school events' (13.0%), 'single day events' (10.2%). According to the dietitians' characteristics, older dietitians implemented 'healthy food events' more frequently than younger dietitians. 'Traditional festival day events' (p<0.05) and 'subdivisions of the season events' (p<0.01) were more frequently implemented in independently managed foodservices than in contract operations. On the other hand, 'international food events', 'gift events', and 'healthy food events' were more frequently implemented in contract foodservices than in independent operations (p<0.001). Dietitians from elementary and middle schools implemented 'winter solstice', 'midsummer', 'children's day', and 'school foodservice day' events more frequently, whereas dietitians from high schools implemented 'midsummer', 'Valentine's day', and 'teacher's day' events more frequently. Most dietitians (94%) had never received education or training for special event marketing previously. Therefore, these results suggest there may be a need to develop educational programs on special event marketing for dietitians.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.9
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• pp.341-350
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• 2020

This study aims to verify the relationship between overseas activities and performance of Korea's SMEs during the last financial crisis. Whether overseas activity performance of enterprises differed was determined based on characteristic variables, including the degree of concentration on R&D and marketing. This study also examined how SMEs' international transactions and their performance differed based on internal variable such as the level of stock holding and firm size. This study developed a model for analyzing the relationship between the level of internationalization and performance of Koran SMEs listed in the KOSDAQ. We used firm-level data, including annual reports and various data sources such as the KISVALUE program. To smooth annual fluctuations in accounting data, we used a three-year average from 2006 to 2009 for each variable in the study. The results showed that proactive overseas activities ultimately had a positive effect on an enterprise's performance, even though it initially had a negative effect. Therefore, enterprises should focus their capacity on R&D and marketing environment. Although numerous studies have focused on the relationship between overseas activities and performance of enterprises, the present study analyzed whether enterprises should continuously engage in overseas activities and what capacities they should strengthen during a global economic recession.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.171-181
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• 2018

As the proportion of sports events in the sports industry grows, the official sponsor market for sports events is also increasing. But because official sponsors are limited and expensive, some companies approach sporting events by way of Ambush marketing. This study is to analyze the differences of media exposure between official sponsors and general companies of mega sport events. To accomplish the purpose of the study, we collected text articles and analyzed them from the period of 2016 Rio Olympics, one year before the Olympics and one year after the Olympics. Web crawling was performed using Python for the collection of articles. Morphological and frequency analysis was performed using the KoNLP package and the TM package of statistical program R. In addition, the opinions of the related experts group were gathered to classify the companies or organizations in the media as the Organizing Committees for the Olympic Games(OCOGs), official sponsor, and general companies. As a result of the analysis, 5,220 times appeared related to the OCOGs, 7,845 times appeared related to the official sponsor, and 7,028 times appeared related to general companies. There isn't much difference in the frequency of exposure between official sponsors and general companies. It implies that Ambush marketing is recognized as a strategic marketing technique. The International Olympic Committee(IOC) has to recognize these social phenomena and establish reasonable standards for the marketing activities of official sponsors and general companies. And this study will serve as a basis for fair sponsor activities or marketing activities of sports events.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.5-13
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• 2012

The aim of this paper is to propose an integrative definition of key account management (KAM) at the organizational level through a content analysis of the existing definitions of KAM available in the business literatures. A representative pool of definitions of key account management was generated through literature review from twenty three journals that covers the divergence of name variety like global account management, strategic account management, national account management, international key account management, key client management, major account management, key customers management and key account management. Relating to the definition of key account management various attributes are identified through content analysis and according to the relevance, profile for each attributes are developed. On the basis of these attributes a diagrammatic and textual definition is proposed that covers the different standpoints and aspects of key account management approach and captures its essence as well. Eventually, several strategic implications are derived that create the field for further empirical investigation.

• The Journal of Economics, Marketing and Management
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.77-85
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• 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of organizational management competency according to the personality types of Project Management Office (PMO) leader on the Project Performance and to further verify the mediating effect of positive psychological capital. Research design, data and methodology: The collected data of this study was statistically checked using SPSS 25.0 program and AMOS 25.0, and the result analysis and hypothesis verification were conducted by applying demographic frequency analysis, descriptive statistics, model fit, reliability, validity, correlation analysis, and structural equation modeling. Results: The personality types of the project Management Office (PMO) leader had an effect on positive psychological capital and positive psychological capital had a mediating effect between project performance. Conclusion: Since the essence of project Management Office (PMO) leadership for organizational management exists in a smooth mutual relationship between the leader and the project members, it is necessary to expand the leadership education that strengthens the positive psychological capital and to manage the communication ability of the PMO leader continuously in terms of personnel management practice.

• The Journal of Economics, Marketing and Management
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.20-28
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• 2020

Purpose: This research explores possibilities for unique tourism programs in the Port of Incheon that would bring tourism benefits from the cruise line industry to Incheon. This research also tries to find practical strategies and principles for the cruise line industry by reviewing the current itinerary in the cruise line industry. Research design, data, and methodology: Because this study is exploratory research, it first reviews trends in global tourism, ocean tourism, and the cruise line industry. Then, this study compares the current status of cruise line industry in South Korea with those in Japan. Lastly, existing cruise itineraries are reviewed for practical strategies and principles. Results: Based on reviewing the example of a cruise ship itinerary from the cruise ship company, possible cruise line programs at stopover places are suggested for the Port of Incheon and if the program is planted, it will boost Incheon's economy and tourism industry. Conclusion: Basic data about tourism in coastal regions and data analyses are lacking. Therefore, this study not only recommends further research in itinerary development or evaluation of cruise stopover programs, but also future research should explore the impact of the cruise industry from many different perspectives.

• The Journal of Economics, Marketing and Management
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.13-19
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aims to determine which optional attributes are more important for the MZ generation when purchasing luxury fashion goods. Although sales are slowing down in all industries due to COVID-9, sales of luxury fashion goods are instead increasing, centered on the MZ generation. Companies are expanding online sales channels and transforming to gain more attention. Research design, data and methodology: Selection attributes are considered to be more crucial, when customers select luxury fashion products such as prestige image, brand awareness, reasonable price, and product quality, were researched and also find the correlation between satisfaction and purchase intention were analyzed. A survey was conducted focusing on the MZ generation, and the contents of the survey were analyzed using the SPSS 22.0 program and the Amos 26.0 program. Results: As a result of the study, selection attributes as prestige image, brand awareness, and product quality were proved to influence significantly on satisfaction. Moreover, the path of satisfaction to purchase intention proved significant. But reasonable price did not influence on MZ generations satisfaction. Conclusions: The research results present the selection attributes of luxury fashion products and provide significant implications when the MZ generation selects the attributes of luxury fashion products.

• The Journal of Economics, Marketing and Management
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.97-104
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• 2024

Purpose: This study attempted to systematically review the programs of patients with post-traumatic stress disorder in South Korea over the past decade, identify specific methods and effects, and present program guidance guidelines through them. Research design, data and methodology: This study is a systematic literature review, and studies registered in the RISS, NDSL, DBpia, and KmBASE search databases from January 1, 2013 to August 31, 2023 were targeted. Keywords were 'post-traumatic stress disorder', 'program' or 'treatment'. A total of 2,324 documents were searched, and 237 duplicate papers were excluded. After that, the title and abstract were viewed, and 2,058 papers that did not meet the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria were excluded. In addition, the full text was checked and the final 11 documents were analyzed excluding 18 documents. Results: Among the 11 literatures, 45.45% of randomized control studies and 54.54% of non-randomized control studies were found. As for gender, 41.18% of women, 28.64% of 30-39 years old, and 34.27% of trauma causes were industrial accidents. Programs for patients with post-traumatic stress disorder were classified into art therapy, cognitive behavior therapy, and mindfulness programs, and art therapy was the most used at 45.45%. The sessions of the program were widely applied at 45.45% for 10 sessions and 36.36% for 60 minutes per session. Conclusions: This study has a limitation in that it only analyzed domestic intervention programs within 10 years. However, this study is meaningful in that it is intended to present program guidance guidelines through reviewing domestic programs for post-traumatic stress patients. In the future, it is necessary to conduct research such as expanding the scope of literature review at home and abroad.