• Clinical Endoscopy
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.408-416
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• 2022

Background/Aims: Endoscopic band ligation (EBL) is used to treat colonic diverticular bleeding (CDB). An endoscopic variceal ligation device for esophageal varices is used as a conventional EBL device (C-EBL). A new EBL device (N-EBL) was developed by Sumitomo Bakelite Co. in August 2018. We aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of N-EBL compared with those of C-EBL. Methods: Seventy-nine patients who underwent EBL for CDB at St. Luke's International Hospital, Japan, between 2017 and 2020 were included in this retrospective study. Patients were divided into the C-EBL and N-EBL groups. Their clinical outcomes, including achieving initial hemostasis, early rebleeding, procedure time, and EBL-associated adverse events, were evaluated. Results: Of the 79 patients, 36 (45.6%) were in the C-EBL group and 43 (54.4%) were in the N-EBL group. The rate of achieving initial hemostasis was 100% in the C-EBL group and 93.0% in the N-EBL group. No significant difference was noted in the early rebleeding rate between the groups (p=0.24). The N-EBL group achieved a shorter median EBL procedure time than the C-EBL group (14.2 minutes vs. 18.2 minutes, p=0.02). No adverse events were observed in either group. Conclusions: The N-EBL device is safe and useful and may reduce EBL procedure time.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.1.1-1.8
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• 2018

Objectives: To determine the effect of root canal irrigants on the hydrophobicity and adherence of Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis) to root canal dentin in vitro. Materials and Methods: Root dentin blocks (n = 60) were randomly divided into 4 groups based on the irrigation regimen: group 1, saline; group 2, 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl); group 3, 5.25% NaOCl followed by 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA); group 4, same as group 3 followed by 2% chlorhexidine (CHX). The hydrophobicity of S. epidermidis to root dentin was calculated by cell surface hydrophobicity while the adherence was observed by fluorescence microscopy, and bacteria were quantified using ImageJ software (National Institutes of Health). Statistical analysis of the data was done using Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney U test (p = 0.05). Results: The hydrophobicity and adherence of S. epidermidis to dentin were significantly increased after irrigating with group 3 (NaOCl-EDTA) (p < 0.05), whereas in group 4 (NaOCl-EDTA-CHX) both hydrophobicity and adherence were significantly reduced (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The adherence of S. epidermidis to dentin was influenced differently by root canal irrigants. Final irrigation with CHX reduces the bacterial adherence and may impact biofilm formation.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.308-317
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of handicraft activities on hand promptness and grasp in the elderly. Subjects were comprised of 14 senior citizens between the ages of 70-85, with 7 subjects in the experiment group and 7 in the control group. Subjects in the experiment group practiced various handicrafts twice a day, while those in the control group did not participate in any special activity. The Jebsen Taylor Hand Function Test was used to evaluate the results, while a dynamometer and pinch gauge were used to measure hand promptness and grasp. The 7 senior citizens in the experiment group were able to increase their hand promptness and grasping skills. Conclusively, handicrafts can help improve hand promptness and grasp in the elderly. Furthermore, the development and improvement of such skills can have a positive influence on the daily lives of senior citizens. Such skills are expected to improve the overall neuro-function in the elderly population.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.143-148
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• 2010

The present study examined the effects of functional electrical stimulus(group 1), proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation(group 2) and combined training of functional electrical stimulus and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation(group 3) with scapula adductor muscles on scapula movement, upper limb function and gait in fifteen subjects stroke patients. The training was thirty minutes a day, five times a week for six weeks, obtained result as follow, upper limb function was significant difference in the group 2(p<.05) but no significant difference in other groups. The change of weight bearing were significant difference in all the groups(p<.05), and increase of gait velocity were significant difference in all the group(p<.05). In conclusion, when applied with functional electrical stimulus, proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation and combined training to the scapular adductor muscles, it was oberved in the course of the experiment that proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation was the most effective treatment among the three methods applied to the scapula adductors.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.236-246
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• 2023

This study aims to understand microaggressions directed toward international students from the perspective of international exchange professionals, who tend to be in relatively close contact with international students. This study targeted professionals who directly advise and support international students at university international exchange centers in J and G cities. The data were collected by conducting focus group interviews with seven participants in two groups from 25 May to 8 June 2023. Data were collected by conducting focus group interviews of seven participants in two groups from 25 May to 8 June 2023. After analyzing the interview data using thematic analysis, two themes emerged: the experiences of international students and the perspectives of international exchange professionals. The experience of international were further categorized into three sub-themes: differences in cultural context, academic discrimination, and discrimination due to lack of information. The perspectives of international exchange professionals were further categorized into three sub-themes: limited access to infrastructure, different perspectives depending on the level of the country, and consideration as a barrier. It is hoped that the findings of this study, obtained by exploring the microdiscrimination faced by international students at universities, will facilitate the development of different systems and policy recommendations to improve the experiences of international students.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.172-177
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• 2013

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the most common diseases among elderly men. As the old-age population is increasing recently, it is to our interest to observe the growing BPH within them. In BPH, the dihydrotestosterone (DHT) acts as promotes prostate growth. It inhibits enzyme $5{\alpha}$-reductase that is involved in the conversion of testosterone to the DHT activity which reduces the excessive prostate growth. Through experiments, the effects of Phellius linteus water extract performed on the BPH rats were induced by testosterone treatments. For 12 weeks, Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with testosterone for the induction of BPH. Rats were divided into four experimental groups: the not treated group (N), the testosterone injection and D.W treatment group (TN), the testosterone injection and Phellinus linteus treatment group (TP) and testosterone injection and finasteride treatment group (TF). Prostate weight, volume and weight ratio in the TP group and the TF group were significantly lower than the TN group. Testosterone and DHT levels in the TN group were significantly higher than that of the N group. And the TP group was significantly decreased than that of the TN group. While prostates of control rats revealed severe acinar gland atrophy and stromal proliferation; the TP and TF groups showed trophic symptoms and were lined by flattened epithelial cells, thus, the stromal proliferation is relatively low as compared to the TN group. These suggest that Phellinus linteus water extracts may be an useful remedy for treating the benign prostatic hyperplasia.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.2331-2337
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• 2021

Background: More women than men experience genu recurvatum, which can lead to knee pain and arthritis if left unattended. Pilates combined with taping is a suitable rehabilitation method for women with genu recurvatum. Objectives: To aimed the effect of taping and Pilates stabilization exercise on physical alignment and improvement of genu recurvatum in women with genu recurvatum. Design: A Randomized controlled trial. Methods: Twenty-one women were divided into three groups: taping group (back of knee taping and quadriceps femoris taping, n=7), Pilates exercise group (hip, knee and abdominal muscles exercise, n=7), and combined group (taping with pilates exercise, n=7). The measured variables were sagittal plane alignment and back and abdominal muscle, knee flexor and extensor strength. Results: After the intervention, all sagittal plane alignments were significantly improved in both the Pilates and combined groups. Sagittal plane alignment was significantly improved in the combined group compared with the taping group. Back and abdominal muscle strength were significantly improved in the Pilates and combined groups compared with the taping group. Knee flexor and extensor were significantly improved in the combined group compared with the Pilates group and in the Pilates group compared with the taping group. Conclusion: Pilates exercise with taping or Pilates exercise alone was effective intervention methods to improve physical alignment and strength in women with genu recurvatum.

• Korean Journal of Crystallography
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.73-81
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• 2002

Triclinic system에는 2개의 point group들 1,(equation omitted), 그리고 monoclinic system에는 3개의 point groups, 2, m, 2/m 가 있는데/sup 1)/ point group들 1, 2, m은 polar point group이고 이 중의 1, 2는 enantiomorphous point group이며 point group들 (equation omitted)와 2/m은 centric point group으로 Laue group이라 일컬어진다./sup 2-4)/ 본 해설문에서는 point group들 1, (equation omitted)에서 나오는 2개의 space group들과 point group들 2, m, 2/m에서 유도되는 13개의 space group들의 좌표들을 유도하였다 . Monoclinic system에서는 unique axis b 만을 다루었고, 그리고 space group No. 14은 3가지로 해석하였으며 나머지는 standard space group만을 다루었다. 모든 space group diagram은 “International Tables for Crystallography, Volume A edited by Theo Hahn, Third revised edition published for The International Union of Crystallography by Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1992”에 기재되어 있다.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.23
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• pp.223-247
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• 2004

United Nations Commission on International Trade Law(hereinafter"UNCITRAL"), the core legal body of the United Nations system in the field of international trade law, is currently in the process of preparing a draft instrument on the international carriage of goods. In order to facilitate and prompt for new draft instrument, Working Group Ⅲ was established under the auspicious of UNCITRAL in 2002. Working Group, which was composed of all member countries of UNCITRAL, considered the text of preliminary draft instrument on the carriage of goods by sea. According to the Working Group's report, this new convention deals with issues relating to the international ocean carriage of goods such as the scope of application, the period of responsibility of the carrier, liability of the carrier, obligations of the shipper and transport documents including electronic records. In the course of the second reading, however, there are lots of outstanding issues to deliberate and consider for formulating new version of the ocean cargo liability convention. One of the substantial issues is the snail's pace of progress in last sessions. Therefore legal adviser and industry representatives assume the next UNCITRAL meeting, in Vienna, Nov. 29-Dec. 10, would be more critical to complete the convention.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.402-408
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• 2024

The purpose of this research is to discuss the development history and future strategy of Geely Automobile Group Co., Ltd. Founded in 1997, Geely Automotive Group has grown from a small workshop to one of China's leading automakers after nearly three decades of development.This paper first reviews the development of Geely Automobile, from the initial small-scale production to the current global layout and diversified product line. Secondly, it analyzes the challenges and opportunities faced by Geely Automobile, including the intensification of market competition and the changing demand for technological innovation.And put forward the future development strategy of Geely Automobile, including improving the quality of products, expanding the international market and promoting the development of new energy vehicles. By analyzing the development history and future strategy of Geely Automobile Group Co., Ltd., we can better understand the company's position and future development direction in China's automobile industry.