• STI Policy Review
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.92-110
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• 2012

An active policy role is suggested for collaboration that will enhance national level Science and Technology (S&T) capabilities. In contrast, some studies see a limited role of policy support for collaborative S&T research at the individual level (including research groups or institutional levels) due to their self-organizing nature. Two views on S&T collaboration look at different levels but existing research largely ignores the context of developing countries. This paper shows how S&T collaborations between Brazil and Korea have developed over the past two decades. The paper indicates the gaps between initiation and the actual establishment of collaborative research at national and individual levels, differences in the focus areas of research, differences in resources and project planning, and the nature of collaborations. Collaborative research activities at the national level were initiated before the individual level but activated later than the individual level; in addition, the focus areas of research were laid down earlier at the national level with individual collaborations focused on different areas. Project types remained different at each level (i.e. top-down and bottom-up) or with a slightly changing mix. This study suggests appropriate policy measures (such as the timely and effective information collection of activities at different levels and proactive coordination) that could reduce the gaps in the timing and alignment of research areas. This paper also alludes to an evolutionary model to develop S&T collaboration among developing countries.

• Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.64-76
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• 2020

Scientometrics and social network analysis (SNA) measures were used to analyze the international scientific collaboration (ISC) of All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) for a period of 10 years (2009-2018). The dataset consists of 19,622 records retrieved from the Scopus database. The mean degree of collaboration 0.95 implied that researchers of AIIMS tend to collaborate domestically (80.29%) and internationally (14.67%). The data exhibits a hyper authorship pattern, and a medium-size research team consists of 4 to 10 authors who contributed a maximum of 62.08% (12,182) publications. 71.97% of research findings are scattered in journal articles. The most preferred journals published 58.55% of medical literature. An undirected collaboration network is constructed in Pajek to study the ISC of AIIMS during the period 2009-2018 which consists of 179 vertices (Vn) and 11,938 edges. The degree centrality (Dc) identified that the United States of America (Dc - 54; CC - 0.99) and United Kingdom (Dc - 41; 0.98) are the most collaborative countries in the whole network as well as the most influential countries. The Louvain community detection method is used to detect influential research groups of AIIMS. The temporal evolution of ISC of AIIMS studied through scientometrics and SNA measures shed light on the structure and properties of ISC networks of AIIMS. It revealed that AIIMS, India has taken keen steps to enrich the quality of research by extending and encouraging the collaboration between institutions and industries at the international level.

• Educational Technology International
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.39-57
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• 2006

Supporting individual or group learners through designing effective learning environment has been major concern for instructional technologists. In CSCL environment, the effectiveness of learning depends not only on the design of the learning incidences but also on that of psychological environment because in CSCL the learners encounter virtually a new environment deviate from the ordinary physical world. CSCL is one of the most demanding environment for learners and thus it requires a highly refined learner support mechanisms. The purpose of the research was to devise conceptual tools for supporting learners in CSCL environment. Especially, the researchers tried to develop special kinds of scaffolding that directly support the collaborative practice in the social and psychological dimension of the learner. Body of literature on scaffolding has been reviewed and effective CSCL environments were observed and analyzed. As a result of the study, the research proposes a new type of scaffolding, named as "collaboration scaffolding" as a conceptual tool for supporting learners in CSCL environment. Also the research suggests three subtypes of scaffolds as the most typical collaboration scaffolding; emotional scaffolds, facilitative scaffolds, and exploratory scaffolds.

• Educational Technology International
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.207-231
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of Critical Thinking Strategy supporting argumentation activities between learners. The research question is whether the form of Critical Thinking Strategy offered to support meaningful interaction of collaborative argumentation between learners influences the knowledge acquisition, learning outcome, and student satisfaction. For this, the collaboration outcome of the group, the level of individual knowledge acquisition, the level of students satisfaction were measured as outcome of argumentation activity and their differences analyzed. This study concludes the following: A comparison of the group that was provided with Critical Thinking Strategy (test group) and the group provided with general argumentation scaffolds (compared group) showed there wasn't statistically significant differences in the quality of the learning outcome of collaboration between the groups and in students satisfaction. But there was significant difference in the degree of individual acquisition depending on the offering of scaffolding for Critical Thinking. Therefore, as premised in this study, supporting meaningful mutual interaction between learners during collaborative argumentation using Critical Thinking Strategy has a positive influence on the individual acquisition of domain knowledge. The group provided with scaffolding for Critical Thinking gained higher effect in the degree of knowledge sharing and individual acquisition of domain knowledge compared to the group provided with general argumentation scaffolding.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2008년도 춘계 학술발표회 초청강연 및 논문집
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• pp.972-978
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• 2008

Quality Assurance of Deep Mixing to fulfill the requirements of geotechnical design cannot be achieved only by the process control During production conducted by the deep mixing contractor but it should involve relevant activities that are carried out prior to, during and after the construction by all the parties involved in a deep mixing project. The requirement is different for different application, and hence, QA/QC method/procedure and verification technique may be different for different application. In order to maintain the high quality of deep mixing work in the global market, it is necessary to conduct a research project, such as investigation of illustrations, the variety of existing QA/QC methods/procedures, the correlation between the outcomes of different QA/QC methods. In these reason, it has been held the international meeting to discuss them, in that kind of activities in 2009 it will be held Symposium. Also Collaborative study for QA/QC is on goin, and conduction by all participated members. The subject for collaborative study are, task 1 : investigation of laboratory tests procedures, task 2 : comparing of different laboratory tests procedures, task 3 : QA/QC method/procedures, task 4 : integrated Task1 ~task 3. The discussion of the results in all task will be held in the Symposium separately. In this paper, it was presented four tasks. Also the results in task 1 and 2 conducting domestically until now, such as investigation of laboratory test procedures, effect on the unconfined compressive strength by aging temperature and by delayed time.

• Educational Technology International
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.107-125
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• 2009

This study seeks to prove three points through the research. The first point is to examine the changes of international attitudes with actual experiences using synchronous international distance learning. The second point is to examine the effectiveness of a synchronous international distance system. And the final point is to compare international attitudes among middle school and undergraduate school students in Korea and Japan. The study used the DVTS for audio and video communication tools and automatic translating chat as a text communication tool. This combination of communication tools was very effective for students from both countries to communicate for international collaborative learning activities. The study found several interesting patterns of attitude change from the results of the study. For whole category analysis, there are positive changes in four categories of international attitudes: consciousness to foreign countries, consideration for other's viewpoints, motivation for international education, and recognition for the counterpart country. However, there was no change in the nationality category.

• 공학교육연구
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.3-7
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• 2012

In 1996, the Faculty of Engineering, Niigata University, Japan entered an era of open student-exchange with Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Germany. Thus far, more than 50 of our students have devoted anywhere from three months, to an entire year of their courses, to collaborative efforts with fellow students, (-and some cases, the local citizenry) -in their native environment experiencing unfamiliar education systems and cultures.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제23권8호
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• pp.33-39
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• 2023

The global surge in depression and anxiety, intensified by challenges such as cost and stigma, emphasizes the pressing need for accessible, evidence-based digital solutions. The research centers on the creation of a mobile application specifically designed to address mental health challenges. By integrating cognitive behavioral therapy techniques and features like appointment bookings and mindfulness feedback tools, the app is positioned to improve user outcomes. Utilizing platforms like React Native and React, combined with NestJS for enhanced backend security, the application adheres to the rigorous standards required for mental health interventions. Collaborative efforts with experts, notably the counseling unit of IIUM, ensure the app's alignment with contemporary best practices and research. Preliminary findings indicate a promising tool with the potential to address the global mental health treatment disparity.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.17-28
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• 2021

In Harbin, a network of underground commercial spaces has been developed to occupy spaces that were originally created as civil defense shelters. With the gradual extension of the local metro rail system, the existing underground commercial space is no longer an isolated regional development, but a space that represents "three-dimensional city" and coordinated development taking place in many Chinese cities. Based on the analysis of the unique development process taken in underground space of Harbin, this paper summarizes three characteristics of its early model of "fragmented development" of underground space. By conducting a comprehensive field research and survey, the researchers analyzed 472 questionnaires related to the development trend, and proposed multi-level synergistic elements for the renewal and development of underground commercial space. The paper concludes by discussing the trend of "three-dimensional and collaborative development," suitable for the development needs of the new era, and the corresponding development strategies for the renewal of underground space.

• Educational Technology International
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.29-61
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to design an inquiry supporting tool on wiki based collaborative learning and to investigate the effect of the inquiry supporting tool. Eight design principles were selected and more specified design strategies were made from the literatures. The first system with the first-round design principles was developed and implemented in an actual classroom. After the first field study, researcher found a few drawbacks of the system. The second system was implemented in the classroom again. Finally developed wiki-based inquiry supporting tool system is unique in that it allows instructors to design their own CSCL inquiry activities, and it has intuitive menu tabs showing inquiry learning processes.