• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.299-302
• /
• 2013

Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) has been reported to be associated with DNA methylation, an epigenetic feature frequently found in gastric cancer. We conducted a case-control study to explore the association of MTHFR C677T polymorphisms with gastric cancer risk and its relation with the DNA methylation of COX-2, MGMT, and hMLH1 genes. Genotyping of P16, MGMT and HMLH1 was determined by methylation-specific PCR after sodium bisulfate modification of DNA, and genotyping of MTHFR C677T was conducted by TaqMan assays using the ABI Prism 7911HT Sequence Detection System. Folate intake was calculated with the aid of a questionnaire. Compared with the MTHFR 677CC genotype, the TT genotype was significantly associated with 2.08 fold risk of gastric cancer when adjusting for potential risk factors. Individuals who had an intake of folate above $310{\mu}g$/day showed protective effects against gastric cancer risk. The effect of MTHFR C677T polymorphisms on the risk of gastric cancer was modified by folate intake and methylation status of MGMT (P for interaction <0.05).

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.27 no.3
• /
• pp.18-31
• /
• 1999

The research deals with external space Seowon(lecture hall) dedicated to education and memorial rises in Sangju area of Choson Dynasty. Characteristics of Seowon as follow; 1. Seowon of Sangju area were built from the middle of 17C to the beginning of 18C. Ideological background of building functioning were grafted into the belief in the three God governing Childbirth, the theory of feng-shui(wind-and water-magic) which is in close connection with the principles of yin and yang, and confucianism and the philosophy of lao-tze and chung-tze. The formation of space were horizontally arrangement and vertical arrangement as the first-learning and then-ancestor shrine of Youngnam provinces. 2. Background and factors of site selection were applied geographical feature, tried to connect owner home town. 3. The shape of path of flow were simple of vertical and curved composition, were continued, were stabilized through composition of human scale's space by reasonable internal. A case of Sangju area, D/H ratio of the front area of buildings and courts was as follows. D/H=1>Hyangkyo> houses on the river>temples>lecture halls. D/H ratio ot the backside areas is as follows. D/H=1>Hyangkyo>houses on the river>lecture halls. 4. Inner garden were planted deciduous than evergreen trees with Lagerstroemia indica. Enclosed dominant trees were planted by Pinus densiflora, Querces seuata.construct GEM strain, and examined for the expression and functional stability in microcosms.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2008.03a
• /
• pp.359-366
• /
• 2008

Current state and perspective of DNS of turbulence and turbulent combustion are discussed with feature trend of the fastest supercomputer in the world. Based on the perspective of DNS of turbulent combustion, possibility of perfect simulations of IC engine is shown. In 2020, the perfect simulation will be realized with 30 billion grid points by 1EXAFlops supercomputer, which requires 4 months CPU time. The CPU time will be reduced to about 4 days if several developments were achieved in the current fundamental researches. To shorten CPU time required for DNS of turbulent combustion, two numerical methods are introduced to full-explicit full-compressible DNS code. One is compact finite difference filter to reduce spatial resolution requirements and numerical oscillations in small scales, and another is well-known point-implicit scheme to avoid quite small time integration of the order of nanosecond for fully explicit DNS. Availability and accuracy of these numerical methods have been confirmed carefully for auto-ignition, planar laminar flame and turbulent premixed flames. To realize DNS of IC engine with realistic kinetic mechanism, several DNS of elemental combustion process in IC engines has been conducted.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2008.10a
• /
• pp.359-366
• /
• 2008

Current state and perspective of DNS of turbulence and turbulent combustion are discussed with feature trend of the fastest supercomputer in the world. Based on the perspective of DNS of turbulent combustion, possibility of perfect simulations of IC engine is shown. In 2020, the perfect simulation will be realized with 30 billion grid points by 1EXAFlops supercomputer, which requires 4 months CPU time. The CPU time will be reduced to about 4 days if several developments were achieved in the current fundamental researches. To shorten CPU time required for DNS of turbulent combustion, two numerical methods are introduced to full-explicit full-compressible DNS code. One is compact finite difference filter to reduce spatial resolution requirements and numerical oscillations in small scales, and another is well-known point-implicit scheme to avoid quite small time integration of the order of nanosecond for fully explicit DNS. Availability and accuracy of these numerical methods have been confirmed carefully for auto-ignition, planar laminar flame and turbulent premixed flames. To realize DNS of IC engine with realistic kinetic mechanism, several DNS of elemental combustion process in IC engines has been conducted.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
• /
• v.2 no.2
• /
• pp.415-443
• /
• 1994

This thesis, drastically breaking from the prior form of art, searched mutual relationship between surrealism centering around surrealism which tried to liberate the spirit of humanbeing by investigating internal world of the humanbeing. That is to say, it is the purpose of this thesis to study the relationship between artistic trend and costume by grasping how the artistic trend of an age was specifically accepted and expressed to the modern costume as the foundation of fashion. Followings are the searched results for searching mutual relationship of the surrealism and modern costume. At first, surrealism made it possible from modern costume to an expression of formative art, and at the same time emerge from existed uniform costume, and thus presented new possibility to the harmony of costume and art with fresh and avant-garde sense. Second, by being applied the expressing method of depaysement which could materialize surrealistic image to the modern costume from various angels, and thus it suggested new aesthetic conception different from general conception of the traditional costume. Third, with regard to modern costume, introduction of various object due to thought of surrealism was a new and innovative attempt, and thus it suggested infinitive possibility of creation. So, it suggested that we could thrown away a fixed idea and that every objects could be moulded. As the result of the afore-said, wide application of the idea and formative feature of surrealism with regard to modern costume did not only ring the diversification and individualization of the costume escaped from the past traditional idea, but also at the same time prepared modern costume with the moment to develop as a formative arts.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.174-180
• /
• 1994

The disease syndrome characterized by the acute vomiting and diarrhea with high mortality had been greatly epidemic in Kyungbuk West Area since March 1990 and it was followed serologically for the classification of the agent. The agent present in feces of dogs associated with this syndrome had characteristic feature in agglutinating pig red blood cells that was specifically inhibited by anti-CPV reference dog serum. This also showed the serological identity with the reference CPV antigen in Hemagglutinating inhibition test. The result obtained were summarized as follows : 1. During 5 years(March. 1990∼September. 1994), 1,470 dogs were investigated on the actual condition of CPV infections. The Infection rate of CPV from dogs was 62.5% and mortality rate was 59.8%. 2. Among 24 fecal samples collected from the dogs with enteric disease, all showed the hemagglutinating activity to porcine erythrocyte ranging from 40 to 5,120 of HA titers. 3. Among 12 sera samples collected from the dogs with enteric disease, all showed the serological identity with the reference CPV antigen from 5 to 5,120 of HI titers. 4. Bacteriologic examination of fecal specimens resulted in the isolation of pathogeric bacteria such as Staphylococcus sp, Streptococcus sp, Escherichia coli and Bacillus. Cultures for salmonella sp and Clostridium remaind negative. 5. The prevalence and identification of internal parasites were determined by fecal examination using the floatation methods. From 20 fecal samples 12(60.0%) were isolated and their species were Toxacara canis, Toxascaris leonina, and coccidium.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
• /
• v.35 no.4
• /
• pp.207-213
• /
• 2005

Purpose: To classify and describe the characteristic features of MRI of some ameloblastoma variants. Materials and Methods: The MR images, CT images, and panoramic radiographs in 5 cases were retrospectively examined as follows. First, the contents of ameloblastomas were devided into two portions of either solid or cystic components on the basis of MR signal intensities. The signal intensity within the solid or cystic portions was classified as homogeneous or heterogeneous. Next, the characteristic internal feature of the lesion on T1W1 or T2WI was described. The signal intensities were classified into low, intermediate, slightly high, high, and strong high signal intensity. Results: Unicystic lesion showed homogeneous high signal intensity (SI) on T2W2 and the rim enhancement of the surrounding area including the mural nodule and the thick wall except the central portion on Gd- T1W1. Solid type revealed heterogeneous and high SI area with strong high SI area on T2W2. On Gd- T1W1, the area corresponding to the low signal spot on T1W1 and the strong high signal spot on T2W1 showed low SI. Hybrid type showed slightly enhanced capsular structures and low SI for the round bony septa and the areas connecting the mixed and cystic lesions on T2Wl and Gd-T1W1. Conclusion: MRI could easily assess the relationship between the mixed and cystic findings in ameloblastoma.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
• /
• v.31 no.4
• /
• pp.47-67
• /
• 2018

Objectives : Sinhyeongjangbudo found in Dongeuibogam is one of the most unique picture of viscera and bowels, or picture of internal body, produced in East Asia, but there has been no cohedrent explanation based on historical data as to how the details of the pictures were composed. This paper attempted to provide just that for each part in the Sinhyeongjangbudo. Methods : Sinhyeongjangbudo found in Dongeuibogam Side view picture found in the Wanbinghuichun, which is the jangbudo that is the closest to Sinhyeongjangbudo, and the Yishengjieti's jangbudo were compared for their compilation periods to follow the path via which Sinhyeongjangbudo was created. Results : Comparing the above three sets of pictures of viscera and bowels revealed that Yishengjieti's pictures were simplified and Wanbinghuichun's side view pictures contained many errors. The Sinhyeongjangbudo found in Dongeuibogam was the result of correcting the errors of the side view picture while maintaining the simplification. Conclusions : Sinhyeongjangbudo is the simplification based on Wanbinghuichun's side view pictures with corrections.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
• /
• v.21 no.12
• /
• pp.1635-1646
• /
• 1997

The nozzle length to diameter ratio of real diesel nozzles is about 2-8 which is not long enough for a fully developed and stabilized flow. The characteristics of the flow such as turbulence at the nozzle exit which affect the development of the spray can be enhanced by impinging the flow inside nozzle. The flow details inside the impinging nozzles have been investigated both experimentally and numerically. The mean velocities, the fluctuating velocities, and discharge coefficients in the impinging inlet nozzles, round inlet nozzle, and sharp inlet nozzle were obtained at various Reynolds number. The developing feature of the external spray were photographed by still camera and the droplet sizes and velocities were also measured by laser Doppler technique. The spray angle was greater and the droplet sizes near the spray axis were smaller with the impinging flow inside nozzle.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.293-300
• /
• 2014

This paper proposes a novel pattern recognition approach based on the radial basis function (RBF) neural network for identifying insulation defects of high-voltage electrical apparatus arising from partial discharge (PD). Pattern recognition of PD is used for identifying defects causing the PD, such as internal discharge, external discharge, corona, etc. This information is vital for estimating the harmfulness of the discharge in the insulation. Since an insulation defect, such as one resulting from PD, would have a corresponding particular pattern, pattern recognition of PD is significant means to discriminate insulation conditions of high-voltage electrical apparatus. To verify the proposed approach, experiments were conducted to demonstrate the field-test PD pattern recognition of cast resin current transformer (CRCT) models. These tests used artificial defects created in order to produce the common PD activities of CRCTs by using feature vectors of field-test PD patterns. The significant features are extracted by using nonlinear principal component analysis (NLPCA) method. The experimental data are found to be in close agreement with the recognized data. The test results show that the proposed approach is efficient and reliable.