• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.41 no.10
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• pp.41-49
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• 2004

Nonlinear distortion introduced by the optical transmitter using a direct modulation of laser diode(LD) and an indirect modulation of optical modulator can limit considerably the performance of analog optical link system such as subcarrier multiplexing system. In this paper, we have compensated the nonlinear distortion of LD and optical modulator using electrical predistorter. In the case of LD, two-tone experiments using 877.5 MHz and 882.5 MHz have shown reduction of 19 dB in third-order intermodulation product(IMP$_3$). And in the case of optical modulator, we have achieved nearly 21 dB reduction in IMP3 through two-tone experiments using 1.8975 GHz and 1.9025 GHz. The spurious free dynamic ranges of LD and optical modulator are also improved by 5 dB/Hz$^{2}$ 3/ and 7 dB/Hz$^{2}$ 3/, respectively.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.44 no.7 s.361
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• pp.29-34
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• 2007

This paper presents a novel photonic bandgap (PBG) structure for size reduction and linearity improvement in power amplifier. The proposed structure is a two-dimensional (2-D) periodic lattice patterned on a dielectric slab that does not require nonplanar fabrication process. Throughout the experi-mental results, this structure has more broad stopband and high suppression performance than conventional three cell PBG and distorted uniplanar compact-PBG (DUC-PBG). This new PBG structure can be applied with power amplifier for linearity improvement. The 3rd intermodulation distortion (IMD3) of the power amplifier using new PBG structure is -36.16 dBc for (code division multiple access) CDMA applications. Compared with power amplifier without the proposed PBG structure, improved IMD3 is -13.49 dBc.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.116-123
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• 2000

This paper presents a linearizer using the feedforward loop which can be applied to PCS base-station applications. This linearizer used a IM amplifier and an auxiliary amplifier in order to remove delay lines used in the predistortor using the feedforward technique. The delay line in error loop is changed by the main power amplifier(PA) and the error amplifier is utilized to amplify the error signal which fed to the output of main amplifier. The linearizer was simulated by HP ADS ver 1.1 and fabricated on GML 1000 with thickness of 0.8 mm and dielectric constant of 3.2. Two-tone signals at 1.85 GHz and 1.851 GHz with -7dBm/tone from synthesizers are injected into the main PA. The main PA with a 27 dB gain and a $P_{1dB}$ of 29 dBm(two-tone) was utilized. The reduction of intermodulation distortion (IMD) is around 17 dB.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.64-72
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• 1986

The error rate equation fo DS-BPSK(Direct Sequence Binary Phase Shift Keying) signal transmitted through the nonlinear satellite transponder has been derived in the cochannel interference and downlink Gaussian noise environment. The input to the satellite transponder is the superposition of DS-BPSK signal with one interfere which is a cochannel wide-band PN signal. The error rate performance of DS-BPSK system has been evaluated and shown in figures in terms of carrier to interference power ratio(CIR), downlink signal to noise power ratio(downlink SNR) and process gain. In the analysis, it has been shown that the use of a hard limiter in DS-BPSK satellite system leads to the generation of narrow-band intermodulation products which is independent of the process gain. Also it is known that the error rate performance can be improved in the low levels (below 10dB) of CIR as the CIR increase. As the process gain varies from 10 to 100 the curve gives the about 10 dB gain in downlink SNR to maintain a fixed error rate.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.45 no.9
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• pp.55-59
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• 2008

In this paper, the linearity of Doherty amplifier has been improved by applying a compact slow-wave microstrip branch-line coupler on the output of Doherty amplifier. The proposed branch coupler has four microstrip high-low impedance resonant cells periodically placed inside the branch-line coupler to result in high slow-wave effect. The new coupler not only effectively reduces the occupied area to 30% of the conventional branch-line coupler at 1.8GHz, but also has high second harmonic suppression performance. We obtained the 3rd-order intermodulation distortion ($IMD_3$) of -31.16 dBc for CDMA applications with that of maintaining the constant power added efficiency (PAE). The IMD3 performance is improved as much as -7 dBc compared with a Doherty amplifier.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.37-42
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• 2000

We have numerically solved rate-equations of semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) to understand the characteristics of SOA. The rate-equations we have used can describe injection carrier density, amplified spontaneous emission and signal photon density in spatial and time domain by dividing the cavity into multi-section. We have investigated injection carrier density, amplified spontaneous emission and signal photon density as a function of position and time in the case of single channel input in the form of square pulse. Also we have analyzed the non-linear phenomena of SOA in the case of injecting multi-channel wavelengths as in WDM. Intermodulation distortion (IMD) caused by beat among channels has significant effects on the signal distortion as the channel spacing becomes narrower, and channel crosstalk becomes larger as the power of signals increases. In the case of the injection of another CW laser whose wavelength is far enough from the signal wavelengths, the crosstalk and the output signal distortion can be significantly reduced. duced.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.25 no.9B
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• pp.1542-1550
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• 2000

Fiber optic link systems based on SCM scheme are widely used as efficient and economic RF signal links between base station and a central station in mobile communication networks. However, its performance can be seriously limited depending on the operational conditions of not only the optical transmission system but also the wireless link in various environments. In this paper, we propose an analytic model for performance analyses of the SCM fiber optic link for CDMA RF signal transmission in various link environments. We present optimal operational conditions taking account of the nonlinear effects of the optical transmission system, and the multiple access interference produced at the wireless link. It has been shown through the BER analyses in this paper that the selection of optical modulation index of the SCM fiber optic links can be found optimally to minimize the fiber optic link noises and intermodulation distortion due to LD.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.2066-2070
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• 2009

A voltage controlled attenuator using a PIN diode and two resistors of the $\pi$-type fixed attenuator is described in this paper. The proposed variable attenuator operating for a fixed attenuation range has a good input VSWR and a low intermodulation signal. For the low phase shift, a PIN diode is connected with open stub for the purpose of phase compensation. The stub for phase compensation is calculated by the Deloach method and the related circuit theory. This attenuator is easily fabricated on the microstrip and can be normally used in fine control circuits within small attenuation range. The fabricated attenuator for 2110~2170 MHz frequency band has about 4 dB of an attenuation range, $2^{\circ}$ of phase variance, and -20 dB of S11 according to the input voltage from 0 to 2.7 V.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.22 no.12
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• pp.1684-1690
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• 2018

A new digital pre-distortion (DPD) technique for closely spaced dual-band signals is proposed. In the system under consideration, dual-band signals are amplified by a single broadband power amplifier (PA) at a transmitter. The PA output is distorted by cross-modulation between the two bands as well as their own inter-modulation distortion. Especially, if the two bands are placed in close proximity to each other, their spectral regrowths due to in-band intermodulation overlap with each other, which degrades DPD performance. To solve this problem, we propose a new DPD technique where the dual-band PA characteristics are estimated first, and then the DPD parameters are obtained from the estimated PA characteristics. By finding the DPD parameters through two steps, pre-distortion can perform well for the closely-spaced dual band signals. The proposed technique is verified through computer simulation. Simulation result shows that the proposed method performs better than the conventional method for closely-spaced dual band signals.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.197-202
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• 2023

This paper presents the design method and electrical characteristics of a high-efficiency power amplifier for a 50 Watts class repeater applied to a 5G system and used in in-building, subway, and tunnel. GaN was used for the termination transistor of the power amplifier designed here, and intermodulation signals were removed using DPD to satisfy linearity. In addition, in order to handle various requirements such as amplifier gain control and alarm processing required in the 5G system, the microprocessor is designed to exist inside the power amplifier. The amplifier manufactured to confirm the electrical performance of the power amplifier satisfying these conditions satisfied 46.5 dBm and the overall efficiency of the amplifier was 37%, and it was confirmed that it satisfied various alarm conditions and electrical characteristics required by telecommunication companies.