• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.482-487
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• 2006

The identification of the exterior-interior pattern and the cold-heat pattern is one of the most frequently used diagnostic methods in Oriental medicine. No systematic studies, however, have yet been conducted to determine the emotional and autonomic factors involved in the exterior-interior and cold-heat. In this study, the relationships between depression, anxiety, and the exterior-interior and cold-heat patterns in 100 healthy female volunteers with a mean age of 42.77 were also investigated. The autonomic nervous system's control of human temperature is a well known fact. Thus, this paper also aimed to investigate the correlationof the autonomic nervous system and patterns of the exterior-interior and cold-heat. The analysis of heart rate variability (HRV), which has become a popular non-invasive tool for assessing the activities of the autonomic nervous system, was conducted in this study. No relationship was found between the exterior-interior and cold-heat pattern scores and the degree-of-depression scores. But there was a significant difference between the exterior-interior and cold-heat pattern scores of the different anxiety types, and between those of the different anxiety levels. The depression and anxiety levels also had an effect on the HRV indices.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.1027-1034
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to discover the relevance between the psychological well-being of highschool students and their emotional intelligence, which functioned as a representative adjustment index in their daily life, as well as their interior-exterior control. To attain this purpose, this study targets as research subjects 402 students who were freshman at two different high schools of Jeju City. The results were as follows. First, female students had a higher level of emotional intelligence than male students had. Second, those with greater feeling of psychological well-being had higher emotional intelligence and interior-exterior control. Third, the psychological well-being had a positive effect on emotional intelligence and interior-exterior control. According to this survey, we need to recognize that there is a close relationship between psychological well-being and emotional intelligence. We also need to strengthen the ability of students to better understand other people through the affective rather than the subject-centered cognitive aspect of counseling education and activities. There is also a need to strengthen their social skills that gives them the ability to deal with and act wisely in human relationship. This can be achieved through counseling education and programs that can promote better understanding of their psychological well-being as well as influencing interior-exterior control.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.362-371
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• 2020

In order to find out the relationship between the Eight Principle Pattern Identification of Yin-Yang, Exterior-Interior and the Sasang constitution, we analyzed the clinical data from 500 women with menstrual pain and women without menstrual pain. In the previous study, the subject's information of Typology Complexion Pulse and Symptom was collected, and Eight Principle Pattern Identification was executed based on this. Later, The relationship between the Sasang constitution and the Eight Principle Pattern Identification was statistically analyzed. The obvious difference between the experimental group and the control group in the patterns of Yin-Yang and Exterior-Interior is that patients who complain of menstrual pain do not maintain harmony with the yin-yang ratio, it can be said that the patterns of Yin-Yang and Exterior-Interior can be a identification standard that significantly obscures the condition of the disease. There was a significant difference between the Sasang constitution and the Eight Principle Pattern Identification of Yin-Yang. There was no significant difference between the Sasang constitution and the Eight Principle Pattern Identification of Exterior-Interior. It is assumed that the relationship between the Eight Principle Pattern Identification and the Sasang constitution has changed depending on the difference a view of emotional Qi and pathogenic Qi.

• Journal of KSNVE
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.427-437
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• 1997

Mean active intensity based active control for the cancellation of radiated noise out of the duct exit is studied. The active intensity control strategy is drerived based on the relation of the exterior sound field out of the duct termination and interior sound field of the duct. One of the characteristics of this control strategy is that the control performance can be maintained regardless of the sensor loction, compared with the conventional local pressure control methods at either interior downstream or exterior field positions. It is also suggested that the digital filtering for the active intensity control can be achieved by time-domain filtered-x LMP (Lest-Mean-Product) adaptive algorithm. Experiments for an open-ended duct are performed to compare the active intensity control performance with conventional pressure control one. Active control experiment of local sound pressure is conducted by widely used filtered-x LMS adaptive Algorithm and active intensity control implementaion uses the derived filter d-x LMP algorithm. It is shown that the exterior sound fileds was much better observable by sensing of the active intensity than by just sound pressure. It is also demonstrated that the global control performance of external field by acoustic intensity is superior to the conventional sound pressure control performance.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.151-164
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• 2007

In "Sanghanlon(傷寒論)", there are several articles to explain about Oryeongsan's syndrome. Most important articles of them are No. 72 and No. 75. Oryeongsan is explained by many doctors as a prescription to control exterior and interior, because they considered that symptoms of 72 and 75 articles were caused by exterior and interior's syndrome. Accordingly, they explained that RAMULUS CINNAMOMI(桂枝) and warm water remove exterior pathogens, and PORIA(茯笭) and others remove interior fluid retention. But considering the origin of a fluid retention, RAMULUS CINNAMOMI's effects are rather activating Yang(通陽) and warming Yang(溫陽) than removing exterior pathogens. The fluid retention is cauesd by insufficiency of Yang energy, because body fluid's spreading depends on Ynag energy. RAMULUS CINNAMOMI's effects of activating Yang and warming Yang improve the fluid retention and spread body fluid to the whole body. Some doctors use CORTEX CINNAMOMI(肉桂) instead of RAMULUS CINNAMOMI, because CORTEX CINNAMOMI's effects of activating Yang and warming Yang are better than RAMULUS CINNAMOMI's. There are many opinions about what is the main symptom of Oryeongsan's syndrome, but the difficulty in urination is understood by most doctors as the main symptom of Oryeongsan's syndrome. From the viewpoint of that, they understand that Oryeongsan's main effect is the induce diuresis. But the induce diuresis does not only mean a urination. The induce diuresis must be understood as the removing fluid retention by sweat and urine through the spreading body fluid.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.25-43
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• 2016

This paper presents the results of an experimental study investigating the effects of anchorage systems used in externally bonded steel plates on the strength and ductility of reinforced concrete structures. In the literature, diagonal steel plates bonded to frames were designed to be more flexible than the connections to eliminate the possible effect of the connection flexibility. However, to better evaluate the performance of the strengthened structures, the strength and behavior of connections should also be considered. The purpose of this study was to experimentally investigate the effects of different connection types of steel plates bonded to the frame using anchors on the strengthened RC structures. For this purpose, eleven specimens were designed to simulate the interior and exterior connection behavior. Two of these were used as the control beams and remaining nine for the investigation of the functionality of the end steel plates. Experimental results show that the load carrying capacity of the strengthened beams is directly related to the connection types of the steel plates. For the interior connections, L-shaped end plates that were strengthened using steel anchors must have adequate stiffness to prevent its shape. While, for the exterior connections, the connection with three anchors carried more load than the other exterior connections.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.7-14
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• 2004

The interaction of incident manochromatic waves with an array of N surface-piercing porous dual cylindrical structures is investigated in the frame of three-dimensional linear potential theory. The dual cylindrical structure is camposed of concentric two cylinders. The exterior cylinder is porous and the interior cylinder is impermeable. The fluid domain is divided into N+1 regions i.e. a single exterior region and N interior regions. The diffraction potentials in each region representing the scattering of incident waves by an array of porous cylindrical structures are expressed by the Fourier Bessel series. The unknown coefficients in each region are determined by applying the porous boundary condition and continuity of mass flux at the matching boundary. It is found that an array of porous cylindrical structures reduces both the wave forces and the wave run-up, and shows the excellent performance of wave blocking. The results show that various types of breakwater exchanging seawater are prospective by controlling the porosity and the configuration of cylindrical structures.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.19-28
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• 2003

Sokmyeungtang was the representative prescription for Apoplexy under the rule of Tang and Song dynasty of which the cultures were thriving in the history of China. However, the clinical use of Sokmyeungtang has been gradually reduced since Geumwon dynasty of China because it was misunderstood that the dryness heat drugs of pungent in flavor and warm in property such as Ephedra, Pubescent Angelica Root, Chinese Cassia Tree-Bark, Divaricate Saposhnikovia Root, Prepared Aconite Root, Fresh Ginger, and Wildginger Herb included in the presciption for Apoplexy supplemented heat as damaging Yin flood. In fact, the drugs pungent in flavor and warm in property activate exterior and interior circulation, circulate channels and collaterals, promote blood circulation, and remove blood stasis with the side effect of relieving exterior syndrome with drugs warming channels. When treating Apoplexy with Sokmyeungtang, the cold drugs such as Gypsum, Baikai Skullcap Root, and Pueraria Root are prescribed to suppress fire of pungent dryness and to control excessive heat of people with Apoplexy as reducing the effects of hot drugs causing impairment of Yin. For treatment of Apoplexy, the above drugs accelerate blood and Qi circulation in channels and collaterals and then in necrotic tissue of human body as removing blood stasis. Consequently, these drugs improve disorders of capillary tube circulation. If Sokmyeungtang, an old prescription, is properly understood, it will be substantially helpful to all kinds of treatments in clinical cases

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.33-41
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• 2010

This study aims to analyze the typological characteristics of Alvar Aalto's library design. The unique characteristics of Aalto's architecture are the result of accommodating Modern architecture with regional qualities of Finland. Besides this, Aalto's typological approach in design made his color. The library might be the best example for understanding his design approach in that he showed 3 main features of type; wholeness, self-control and transformation. He established architectural types in his 30s through Viipuri public library and developed so-called fan type library plan. Aalto's library type is not a simple copy of exterior and interior form. It acts as a principle of configuration of his library architecture and applied to the building. Therefore, Aalto's library architecture can be recognized as the results of typological design approach in that it shows the transformation of type in according to factors including site, size, region and cultural tradition. In conclusion, Aalto's libraries reveal the typological characteristics in the field of building layout, dynamic space and the effective use of light.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.25
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• pp.155-161
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• 2000

'Transparency', which has been an important topic of architectural discourse in the recent past, is playing an even greater role in architectural expression nowadays. The purpose of this study is to define the prevailing conceptions about transparency and to discover the various modes of this design effect in architectural space. By using partial or complete of transparency in a structure, designers are able to express themselves more profoundly. The perception between exterior and interior, transformation of day into night and conditions arising from spatial overlapping create an atmosphere which deepens the quickly of architectural design. Transparency can present as void what in reality is solid. Following the period of de-construction, transparency has asserts itself in late part of the century and transparency can be considered synonymous with modernistic and refers to structure that are optically luminant or pleasant in its simplicity. Along with advancement of climate control, construction and design technologies and new material with versatility should combine to even further the diversity of transparency in architectural expression.