• 감성과학
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.331-342
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 MP3스마트웨어 상용화를 위한 디자인 프로토타입을 개발하였다. 본 연구에서 개발한 MP3 스마트웨어는 MP3 플레이어, 리모컨 모듈, 이어폰이 하나의 키트(One-kit) 형태로 되어 있으며 조립과 분리가 용이하다. 개발된 의류는 재킷타입의 MP3-YSJ(Yonsei Smart Jacket)와 사파리타입의 MP3-YSS(Yonsei Smart Safari)의 2종류의 MP3스마트웨어 였다. 2종류의 스마트웨어를 대상으로 한 두 차례의 사용성 평가가 각각 모듈별 평가와 항목별 평가로 진행되었다. 모듈별 평가는 외관, 소재, 음악컨트롤러, 이어폰/스피커, 커넥터였고 항목별 평가는 사회적 수용성,착용감,유용성,관리용이성,안전성을 평가하였다. MP3-YSJ 1.0과 MP3-YSS 1.0을 대상으로 한 1차 사용성 평가에서는 모듈별 평가는 전체적으로 긍정적인 결과를 보여주었다. 또한 항목별 평가에서는 MP3-YSJ 1.0와 MP3-YSS 1.0모두 다른 항목에 비해 사회적 수용성이 약간 낮게 평가되었고, 커넥터의 관리 용이성과 음악컨트롤러의 사회적 수용성이 낮게 나타났다. 2차 사용성 평가는 1차 사용성 평가 결과를 반영하여 개발된 제품을 대상으로 실시하였다. MP3-YSS 2.0은 음악 컨트롤러의 사회적 수용성과 관리용이성, 커넥터의 관리용이성이 개선이 필요한 항목으로 밝혀졌고, MP3-YSS 2.0의 경우에는 음악컨트롤러로의 사회적 수용성, 커넥터의 사회적 수용성, 소재의 관리용이성이 개선이 필요한 항목으로 나타났다. 특히 사용자는 키패드의 배치 때문에 사회적 수용성 측면에서 불편을 느꼈다. 음악컨트롤러의 사회적 수용성 문제를 보완하기 위해서는 음악컨트롤러의 키패드 인터페이스에 대해 보다 구체적인 연구가 필요하다.

• 정보처리학회논문지:소프트웨어 및 데이터공학
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• 제2권8호
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• pp.555-564
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• 2013

최근 모바일 기기의 혁신적 진화와 태블릿 PC나 스마트폰의 급격한 확산이 이루어지면서 개인의 일상뿐 아니라 기업의 업무용 애플리케이션에도 새로운 변화가 이루어지고 있다. 특히 수개월 이상의 개발 기간이 필요한 중대형 업무용 모바일 애플리케이션의 경우 그 복잡도나 중요도가 급격하게 늘고 있다. 현재 애자일 기반의 모바일 애플리케이션 개발 프로세스가 이러한 중대형 모바일 애플리케이션 개발에 사용되지만, 개발자의 숙련도에 대한 높은 의존도와 상세 작성지침들의 부족한 현상등의 문제점들이 나타나고 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제점들을 해결하기 위해 S-MADP (Smart Mobile Application Development Process)를 제안한다. S-MADP은 객체지향 설계프로세스를 확장한 서비스 기반의 중대형 모바일 애플리케이션을 위한 개발 프로세스이다. 다양하고 제한된 모바일 기기들의 리소스를 보다 효과적으로 사용하는 애플리케이션의 개발을 위해 사용자 요구사항을 서버기반 또는 클라이언트기반의 서비스로 정의하고 효과적인 서비스의 재사용을 위한 상세지침들을 제공한다. 또한 다양한 사용자 인터페이스를 지원하는 화면 개발을 위한 효과적인 UI설계 상세지침을 지원한다. S-MADP의 성능을 검증하기 위해 3개사의 대형 업무용 모바일 애플리케이션 개발 프로젝트를 진행하였고 그 결과를 분석하였다. 수행된 프로젝트들은 TB사의 'TBS(TB Mobile Service) 3.0', TS사의 '모바일 앱스토어'와 TG그룹의 '모바일 그룹웨어' 프로젝트들이다. 프로젝트를 수행한 결과, 기존의 애자일 기반의 모바일 애플리케이션 개발 프로세스를 사용할 때에 비해서 S-MADP은 모바일 애플리케이션 개발 환경에서 중점적으로 고려되어야 하는 '리소스 사용의 최소화', '서비스 기반의 설계', '모바일 기기에 적합한 사용자 인터페이스'에 대한 상세설계 내용을 보다 자세히 제공하는 것으로 확인되어, 개발된 모바일 애플리케이션의 사용성, 유지보수성, 효율성을 향상 시킨다고 분석되었다. 또한 S-MADP를 현장 적용한 결과 애자일 기반의 개발 프로세스에서 예상된 성능보다 25%향상된 성능으로 중대형 모바일 애플리케이션을 개발 할 수 있음을 확인 하였다.

• 전자공학회논문지CI
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.50-60
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• 2010

지난 반세기 동안 컴퓨터 시스템의 발전으로 개인용 컴퓨터와 소프트웨어 산업은 유래 없는 호황을 누렸다. 21세기에 들어서는 이러한 흐름이 모바일 기기로 점차 이동하면서 임베디드 시스템 시장이 폭발적으로 증가하였다. 휴대전화, 내비게이션 시스템, PMP 등의 휴대용 멀티미디어 기기들은 시장에 쏟아져 나온 반면에 대부분의 산업용 제어시스템은 여전히 단순제어 시스템에 의존하여 제품이 개발되고 있다. 실제로 이를 첨단 하드웨어와 소프트웨어의 기술로 전환하려고 해도 그 수요가 모바일 시장에 비해 낮아 부품수급이 어렵고 가격이 상승하는 문제를 안고 있으며 기술개발 시 발생하는 많은 비용과 인력은 기업 입장에서는 투자 부담이 될 수밖에 없다. 그러나 미래 고객들에게 제품에 대한 기업 이미지를 끌어올리기 위해서는 고성능 시스템의 하드웨어와 소프트웨어 플랫폼 개발이 반드시 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제점들을 해결하기 위해서 네트워크 임베디드 시스템의 최적화된 하드웨어 플랫폼과 소프트웨어 플랫폼을 개발하였다. 개발된 플랫폼은 멀티미디어 기능을 추가하여 고급형 제품을 위한 플랫폼으로 제작하였다. 멀티미디어 기능을 구현하기 위해서 텔레칩스 사의 멀티미디어 프로세서인 TCC8300을 기반으로 개발하였으며 프로세서 내부의 다양한 병렬하드웨어 기능을 이용함으로써 회로상의 부품의 수를 최소화 하고 성능 향상과 더불어 전력소모량을 최소화하였다. 그리고 소프트웨어의 기술비용(로열티)을 없애기 위해서 오픈소스 기반의 운영체제인 임베디드 리눅스와 오픈소스 기반의 그래픽 라이브러리인 TinyX와 GTK+를 이용하여 GUI(Graphic User Interface)를 구현하였다. 또한 개발된 플랫폼을 이용하여 여러 가지 방식의 YUV2RGB 프레임 변환 실험 및 측정을 통해서 성능 및 프레임별 변환 시에 소모되는 전력량을 계산하였고 플랫폼의 각 부분별 동작에 대한 전력소모량 측정을 통해서 플랫폼 구성 시 필요한 전력과 성능을 예측할 수 있도록 하였다. 응용제품을 개발할 때 주어진 기능 및 성능 그리고 저전력 등의 사양이 구현 가능한지 분석하고 절충할 때 사용할 수 있는 모델식을 개발하였고 이를 활용하여 직접 제작해 봄으로써 신뢰성을 입증하였다. 이 때, 하드웨어 부품들은 휴대폰 생산 시에 사용되는 부품들을 사용함으로써 저가의 부품을 안정적으로 수급하여 대량생산을 용이하게 하였다.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:컴퓨팅의 실제 및 레터
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• 제15권9호
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• pp.637-648
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• 2009

하드 디스크 저장 매체의 가격이 하락함에 따라 가까운 시일 안에 개인 컴퓨터에 1TB가 넘는 하드 디스크가 기본으로 장착될 것으로 예상된다. 한 사람이 한 달에 1GB의 데이터를 저장한다고 가정하면 대략 1TB면 그 사람의 일생 동안에 걸친 데이터를 저장할 수 있다. 이에 따라 개인이 일상 생활에서 보고들은 것을 기록한 라이프로그(lifelog)를 효과적으로 관리하는 라이프로그 관리에 대한 연구가 활발히 이루어지고 있다. 지금까지 관계 데이터 모델 기반, 온톨로지 기반, 파일 시스템 기반 라이프로그 관리 시스템(LMS: Lifelog Management System) 등 다양한 LMS들이 제안되었지만, 관계 데이터 모델 기반 LMS는 질의 처리 성능이 뛰어난 반면 복잡한 질의를 잘 처리하지 못하고 온톨로지 기반 LMS는 복잡한 질의를 처리할 수 있는 반면 질의 처리 성능이 떨어지며 파일 기반 LMS는 질의만 지원하는 등 저마다 장단점을 가진다. 또한 이들 시스템들은 라이프로그 그룹을 효과적으로 관리하기 위한 기능을 제공하지 못하고 있고 효과적인 검색을 위해 라이프로그의 태그(데타데이터)를 수정하거나 새로운 태그를 추가하기 위한 편리한 인터페이스를 제공하지 못하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제점들을 해결하기 위해 관계 데이터 모델 기반 라이프로그 관리 시스템을 제안한다. 제안하는 시스템은 라이프로그를 관계 데이터 모델로 모델링하고 사용자 질의를 SQL로 변환해 처리함으로써 질의 처리 성능이 뛰어나다. 또한 복잡한 질의를 잘 처리하지 못하는 관계 데이터 모델 기반 LMS의 단점을 보완하기 위해 찾으려는 라이프로그와 직접적으로 관련 있는 라이프로그에 대한 정보에 기반해 라이프로그를 검색하는 단순화된 관계 질의를 지원한다. 이와 더불어, 제안하는 시스템은 라이프로그 그룹 생성, 편집, 검색, 플레이 및 공유 기능을 제공함으로써 라이프로그 그룹에 대한 효과적인 관리를 지원한다. 마지막으로 제안하는 LMS에서 제공하는 라이프로그 태깅 도구는 태그 추상화를 통해 여러 종류의 태그를 손쉽게 수정하거나 추가할 수 있는 기능을 제공한다. 본 논문에서는 제안하는 시스템의 설계 및 구현을 설명하고 이 시스템을 활용한 다양한 응용을 소개한다.

• 벤처창업연구
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.153-165
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• 2021

온라인과 오프라인의 경계가 사라지면서 O2O(온라인에서 오프라인으로) 서비스가 급속히 증가하고 있다. 일반 제품과 달리 농식품은 신선도가 중요한 의사결정 요인이며, 다름 품목에 비해 환불 및 교환이 어려운 특성과 새로운 거래 방식으로 인해 O2O의 플랫폼 중 오픈 마켓으로 성장하는데 제한적인 요소가 많다. 이러한 장애를 극복하기 위해서는 소비자의 혁신성이 고려되어야 한다. 본 연구는 O2O(online to offline) 특성 중 빠르게 성장하고 있는 오픈 마켓을 중심으로 쇼핑몰 특성이 농식품 재구매 의도에 미치는 영향을 파악하는데 목적이 있다. 그리고 농식품 쇼핑몰 특성과 재구매 의도에 미치는 영향력에서 혁신성의 조절 효과를 분석하고자 한다. 이를 위해 편의표본추출기법을 이용하여 2021년 3월 1일부터 3월 30일까지 구글 설문을 통해 온라인 설문을 실시하였다. 농식품 오픈 마켓에서 구매경험자 총 270개의 분석 자료를 수집하였다. 분석방법은 spss 프로그램을 사용하였으며, 가설검증을 위해 다중회귀분석을 사용하였다. 분석결과 O2O(online to offline) 쇼핑몰 특성인 경제성, 상호작용성, 유희성은 농식품 재구매 의도에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 상호작용성×혁신성, 유희성×혁신성은 재구매 의도에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과 혁신성은 새로운 시스템이나 모바일 거래에 대하여 소비자의 부담을 줄여주고 있음을 알 수 있다. 본 연구의 결과를 통해서 농식품의 O2O 거래 활성화를 위해서는 혁신성이 낮은 소비자들의 거래를 활성화하기 위한 편리한 인터페이스 설계가 중요하다고 할 수 있다. 더불어 농업인들의 IT 역량강화를 위한 교육과 지원이 필요하다. 본 연구의 결과는 농식품 오픈마켓 쇼핑몰의 인프라 구축 등에 기여할 수 있을 것이다.

• 경영과정보연구
• /
• 제38권1호
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• pp.201-223
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• 2019

본 연구의 목적은 모바일 쇼핑몰의 서비스품질, 사용용이성, 고객만족도, 재구매의도 간의 인과관계를 실증적으로 검증하는데 있다. 그리고 서비스품질과 재구매의도 사이의 사용용이성, 고객만족도의 매개효과를 밝히고자 하였다. 이에 본 연구에서는 전남지역 대학생 323명을 대상으로 설문조사하고 선행연구를 바탕으로 구조방정식 모형을 도출하여 분석하였다. 분석 결과 모바일 쇼핑몰의 서비스품질은 사용용이성, 고객만족도, 재구매의도에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 모바일 쇼핑몰의 서비스품질 중에서 서비스스케이프 즉, 모바일 인터페이스, 사이트의 디자인과 같은 서비스스페이스는 고객만족도에는 긍정적인 영향을 주었으나 재구매의도에는 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 고객들의 재구매의도에 정(+)의 영향을 주는 서비스품질 요인은 사이트의 외적인 부분보다 소비자가 원하는 서비스를 충실히 제공하고 이용할 때 얼마나 즐겁게 이용하는가와 서로 쌍방이 영향을 주고 받는 태도나 행동이 잘 제공되었을 때 재구매의도에 긍정적인 영향을 준다는 것이다. 본 연구에서 제시한 시사점은 첫째, 모바일 쇼핑몰의 서비스품질은 재구매의도에 유의한 영향을 미치므로 모바일 쇼핑 중에서 발생되는 고객들의 문의사항이나 불편사항 등에 대해 적극적으로 처리하고, 불량제품의 반품 및 환불이 신속하고 간편하게 처리될 수 있도록 CS서비스 시스템을 개선하는 것이 필요하다. 그리고 분석과정에서 최종적으로 사용된 요인이외에, 소비자들의 구매횟수에 따른 등급을 이용한 다양한 이벤트, 쿠폰, 적립금 등의 혜택과 보다 다양한 쇼핑의 즐거움과 가치를 제공할 수 있는 적극적인 콘텐츠 마케팅전략이 필요하다. 둘째, 모바일 쇼핑몰의 고객만족도는 재구매의도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타나 소비자들의 쇼핑몰 만족도가 높아질수록 향후 사이트 방문과 제품의 재구매가 지속적으로 이루어진다. 그러므로 쇼핑몰 사이트는 고객들이 더 큰 만족을 느낄 수 있도록 콘텐츠의 차별화, 서비스 및 마케팅 등의 명확한 계획과 실천이 필요할 것이다. 본 연구는 모바일 쇼핑몰의 서비스품질이 사용용이성, 고객만족도, 재구매의도에 영향을 미치는 구성요소들에 대한 개념들을 체계적으로 분석하고 그 관계를 검증하여 이론적 구조로 체계화하고 재구매의도에 영향을 미치는 요인들에 대한 이해를 넓히는데 기여 하였다는데 의의가 있다.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제61권3호
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• pp.189-197
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• 2023

목적. 절삭 및 적층 가공 방식으로 제작한 임시 보철물 레진 블록과 재이장용 자가중합레진의 전단결합강도를 비교 평가하고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법. 레진 블록 시편의 제작방식에 따라 4개의 군으로 나누었고 subtractive manufacturing (SM), additive manufacturing stereolithography apparatus (AMS), additive manufacturing digital light processing (AMD), conventional self-curing (CON)의 방식으로 각 20개씩 레진 시편을 제작하였다. 제작 방식에 따른 레진 블록 시편과 재이장용 자가중합레진의 결합을 위해 시편의 표면에 실리콘 몰드를 이용하여 동일한 위치에 재이장 레진을 주입하여 중합하였다. 만능재료시험기를 이용하여 전단결합강도를 측정하였고 주사전자현미경으로 접착 계면의 파절 양상을 확인하였다. 실험군 간 비교를 위해 일원배치 분산분석과 사후 검정으로 Tukey test를 실시하였다(α = .05). 결과. 전단결합강도는 CON, SM, AMS, AMD군 순으로 높았다. CON군은 AMS군, AMD군과 유의한 차이가 있었고(P < .01) SM군과 유의한 차이가 없었다(P > .05). SM군은 AMD군과 유의한 차이가 있었고(P < .01) AMS군과 유의한 차이가 없었다(P > .05). AMS군은 AMD군과 유의한 차이가 있었다(P < .001). 파절 양상은 CON군, AMS군에서 혼합 파절이 높은 빈도로 나타났으며 SM군, AMD군에서 접착 파절이 높은 빈도로 나타났다. 결론. 절삭 및 적층 가공 방식으로 제작한 임시 보철물 레진 블록과 재이장용 자가중합 레진과의 전단결합강도에서 절삭 가공 방식(SM군)은 CON군보다 낮은 결합강도를 보였지만 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 적층 가공 방식(AMS군, AMD군)은 CON군보다 유의하게 낮은 결합강도를 보였으며, AMD군이 가장 낮은 결합강도를 보였고 AMD군은 SM군과도 유의한 차이를 보였다.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.163-169
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• 2024

India is a developing nation and has come with comprehensive way in modernizing its reducing poverty, economy and rising living standards for an outsized fragment of its residents. The STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) education plays an important role in it. STEM is an educational curriculum that emphasis on the subjects of "science, technology, engineering, and mathematics". In traditional education scenario, these subjects are taught independently, but according to the educational philosophy of STEM that teaches these subjects together in project-based lessons. STEM helps the students in his holistic development. Youth unemployment is the biggest concern due to lack of adequate skills. There is a huge skill gap behind jobless engineers and the question arises how we can prepare engineers for a better tomorrow? Now a day's Industry 4.0 is a new fourth industrial revolution which is an intelligent networking of machines and processes for industry through ICT. It is based upon the usage of cyber-physical systems and Internet of Things (IoT). Industrial revolution does not influence only production but also educational system as well. IoT in academics is a new revolution to the Internet technology, which introduced "Smartness" in the entire IT infrastructure. To improve socio-economic status of the India students must equipped with 21st century digital skills and Universities, colleges must provide individual learning kits to their students which can help them in enhancing their productivity and learning outcomes. The major goal of this paper is to present a low cost, effective learning mechanism for STEM implementation using Raspberry Pi 3+ model (Single board computer) and Node Red open source visual programming tool which is developed by IBM for wiring hardware devices together. These tools are broadly used to provide hands on experience on IoT fundamentals during teaching and learning. This paper elaborates the appropriateness and the practicality of these concepts via an example by implementing a user interface (UI) and Dashboard in Node-RED where dashboard palette is used for demonstration with switch, slider, gauge and Raspberry pi palette is used to connect with GPIO pins present on Raspberry pi board. An LED light is connected with a GPIO pin as an output pin. In this experiment, it is shown that the Node-Red dashboard is accessing on Raspberry pi and via Smartphone as well. In the final step results are shown in an elaborate manner. Conversely, inadequate Programming skills in students are the biggest challenge because without good programming skills there would be no pioneers in engineering, robotics and other areas. Coding plays an important role to increase the level of knowledge on a wide scale and to encourage the interest of students in coding. Today Python language which is Open source and most demanding languages in the industry in order to know data science and algorithms, understanding computer science would not be possible without science, technology, engineering and math. In this paper a small experiment is also done with an LED light via writing source code in python. These tiny experiments are really helpful to encourage the students and give play way to learn these advance technologies. The cost estimation is presented in tabular form for per learning kit provided to the students for Hands on experiments. Some Popular In addition, some Open source tools for experimenting with IoT Technology are described. Students can enrich their knowledge by doing lots of experiments with these freely available software's and this low cost hardware in labs or learning kits provided to them.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.1-8
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• 1985

The wall shear stress in the vicinity of end-to end anastomoses under steady flow conditions was measured using a flush-mounted hot-film anemometer(FMHFA) probe. The experimental measurements were in good agreement with numerical results except in flow with low Reynolds numbers. The wall shear stress increased proximal to the anastomosis in flow from the Penrose tubing (simulating an artery) to the PTFE: graft. In flow from the PTFE graft to the Penrose tubing, low wall shear stress was observed distal to the anastomosis. Abnormal distributions of wall shear stress in the vicinity of the anastomosis, resulting from the compliance mismatch between the graft and the host artery, might be an important factor of ANFH formation and the graft failure. The present study suggests a correlation between regions of the low wall shear stress and the development of anastomotic neointimal fibrous hyperplasia(ANPH) in end-to-end anastomoses. 30523 T00401030523 ^x Air pressure decay(APD) rate and ultrafiltration rate(UFR) tests were performed on new and saline rinsed dialyzers as well as those roused in patients several times. C-DAK 4000 (Cordis Dow) and CF IS-11 (Baxter Travenol) reused dialyzers obtained from the dialysis clinic were used in the present study. The new dialyzers exhibited a relatively flat APD, whereas saline rinsed and reused dialyzers showed considerable amount of decay. C-DAH dialyzers had a larger APD(11.70$\pm$1.32mmHg/min)compared to CF dialyzers(4.32$\pm$0.55mmHg/min)(p<0.05). However, there was no observable difference in the UFR between the two dialyzers. Neither APD nor UFR showed any significant increase with an increasing number of reuses for up to more than 20reuses. A substantial number of failures observed in APD(larger than 20mmHe/min)on the reused dialyzers(2 out of 40 CP and S out 26 C-DAK) were attributed to the Possible damage on the fibers. The CF 15-11 HFDs which failed APD test did not show changes in the UFR compared to normal dialyzers indicating that APD is a more sensitive test than UFR test to evaluate the integrity of the fibers. 30527 T00401030527 ^x For quantitative measurement of reflected light from a clinical diagnostic strip, a prototype old reflectance photometer was designed. The strip loader and cassette were made to obtain more accurate reflectance parameters. The strip was illuminated at 45˚c through optical fiber and the intensity of reflected light was determined at rectanguLat angle using a photodiode. The kubelka-munk coefficient and reflection optical density were determined ar four different wavelengths(500, 550, 570 and 610nm) for blood glucose strip. For higher concentration than 300mg/41 about glucose, a saturation state of abforbance was observed at 500, 550 and 570nm. The correlation between glucose concentration and parameters was the best at 610nm. 30535 T00401030535 ^x Radiation-induced fibrosarcoma tumors were grown on the flanks of C3H mice. The mice were divided into two groups. One group was injected with Photofrin II, intravenously (2.5mg/kg body weight). The other group received no Photofrin II. Mice from both groups were irradialed for approximately 15 minutes at 100, 300, or 500 mW/cm2 with the argon (488nm/514.5 nm), dye(628nm) and gold vapor (pulsed 628 nm) laser light. A photosensitizer behaved as an added absorber. Under our experimental conditions, the presence of Photolfrin II increased surface temperature by at least 40% and the temperature rise due to 300 mW/cm2 irradiation exceeded values for hyperthermia. Light and temperature distributions with depth were estimated by a computer model. The model demonstrated the influence of wavelength on the thermal process and proved to be a valuable tool to investigate internal temperature rise. 30536 T00401030536 ^x We investigated the structural geometry of thirty-eight Korean femurs. The purpose of this study is to identify major geometrical differences between Korean femurs 3nd others that we believe belong to Caucasians so that we would be able to get insights into the femoral component design that fits Asians including Koreans. We utilized computerized tomography (CT) images of femurs extracted from cadavers. The CT images were transformed into bitmap data by using a film scanner, and then analyzed by using a commercially available software called Image v.1.0 and a Macintosh IIci computer.The resulting data were compared with already published data. The major results show that the geometry of the Korean femurs is significantly different from that of Caucasians: (1) the anteversion angle and the canal flare index are greater by the amount of approximately 8˚ and 0.5, respectively, (2) the shape of the isthmus cross section is more round, and (3) the distance between the teaser trochanter and the proximal border of the isthmus is shelter by about 15 mm. The results suggested that the femoral component suitable for Asians should be different from the currently-used components designed and manufactured mostly by European or American companies. 30537 T00401030537 ^x It is well known that nonlinear propagation characteristics of the wave in the tissue may give very useful information for the medical diagnoisis. In this paper, a new method to detect nonlinear propagation characteristics of the internal vibration in the tissue for the low frequency mechanical vibration by using bispectral analysis is proposed. In the method, low frequency vibration of f0( = 100Hz) is applied on the surface of the object, and the waveform of the internal vibration x (t) is measured from Doppler frequency modulation of silmultaneously transmitted probing ultrasonic waves. Then, the bispectra of the signal x (t) at the frequencies (f0, f0) and (f0, 2f0) are calculated to estimate the nonlinear propagation characteristics as their magnitude ratio, w here since bispectrum is free from the gaussian additive noise we can get the value with high S/N. Basic experimental system is constructed by using 3.0 MHz probing ultrasonic waves and the several experiments are carried out for some phantoms. Results show the superiority of the proposed method to the conventional method using power spectrum and also its usefulness for the tissue characterization. 30541 T00401030541 ^x This paper describes the implementation of a computerized radial pulse diagnosis by aids of a clinical expert. On this base, we composed of the radial pulse diagnosis system in korean traditional medicine. The system composed of a radial pulse wave detection system and a radial pulse diagnosis system. With a detection system, we detected Inyoung and Cheongu radial pulse wave and processed it. Then, we have got the characteristic parameters of radial pulse wave and also quantified that according to the method of Inyoung-Cheongu Comparison Radial Pulse Diagnosis. We defined the jugement standard of radial pulse diagnosis system and then we confirmed the possibility for realization of automatic radial pulse diagnosis in korean traditional medicine. 30545 T00401030545 ^x Microspheres are expected to be applied to biomedical areas such as solid-phase immunoassays, drug delivery systems, immunomagnetic cell separation. To synthesize microspheres for biomedical application, "two stage shot growth method" was developed. The uniformity ratio of synthesized microspheres was always smaller than 1.05. And the surface charge density (or the number of ionizable functional groups) of the microspheres synthesized by "two stage shot growth method" was 6~13 times higher than that of the microspheres synthesized by conventional seeded batch copolymerization. As a previous step for biomedical application, adsorption experiments of bovine albumin on microspheres were carried out under various conditions. The maximum adsorbed amount was obtained in the neighborhood of pH 4.5. Isoelectric point of bovine albumin is pH 5.0, so experimental result shows that it shifted to acid area. The adsorption isotherm was obtained, the plateau region was always reached at 2.Og/L (bulk concentration of bovine albumin).The effect of the kind and the amount of surface functional group was also examined. 30575 T00401030575 ^x A medical image workstation was developed using multimedia technique. The system based on PC-486DX was designed to acquire medical images produced by medical imaging instruments and related audio information, that is, doctors' reporting results. Input information was processed and analyzed, then the results were presented in the form of graph and animation. All the informations of the system were hierarchically related with the image as the apex. Processing and analysis algorithms were implemented so that the diagnostic accuracy could be improved. The diagnosed information can be transferred for patient diagnosis through LAN(local area network). 30592 T00401030592 ^x In the conventional infrared imaging system, complex infrared lens systems are usually used for directing collimated narrow infrared beams into the high speed 2-dimensional optic scanner. In this paper, a simple reflective infrared optic system with a 2-dimensional optic scanner is proposed for the realization of medical infrared thermography system. It has been experimentally proven that the intfrared thermography system composed of the proposed optic system has the temperature resolution of 0.1˚c under the spatial resolution of lmrad, the image matrix size of 256 X 240, and tile imaging time of 4 seconds. 30593 T00401030593 ^x In this paper, MIIS (Medical Image Information System) has been designed and implemented using INGRES RDBMS, which is based on a client/server architecture. The implemented system allows users to register and retrieve patient information, medical images and diagnostic reports. It also provides the function to display these information on workstation windows simultaneously by using the designed menu-driven graphic user interface. The medical image compression/decompression techniques are implemented and integrated into the medical image database system for the efficient data storage and the fast access through the network. 30594 T00401030594 ^x In this paper, computerized BEAM was implemented for the space domain analysis of EEG. Trans-formation from temporal summation to two-dimensional mappings is formed by 4 nearest point inter-polaton method. Methods of representation of BEAM are two. One is dot density method which classify brain electrical potential 9 levels by dot density of gray levels and the other is colour method which classify brain electrical 12 levels by red-green colours. In this BEAM, instantaneous change and average energy distribution over any arbitrary time interval of brain electrical activity could be observed and analyzed easily. In the frequency domain, the distribution of energy spectrum of a special band can easily be distinguished normality and abnormality. 30608 T00401030608 ^x Laboratory information system (LIS) is a key tool to manage laboratory data in clinical pathology. Our department has developed an information system for routine hematology using down-sized computer system. We have used an IBM 486 compatible PC with 16MB main memory, 210 MB hard disk drive, 9 RS-232C port and 24 pin dot printer. The operating system and database management system were SCO UNIX and SCO foxbase, respectively. For program development, we used Xbase language provided by SCO foxbase. The C language was used for interface purpose. To make the system use friendly, pull-down menu was used. The system connected to our hospital information system via application program interface (API), so the information related to patient and request details is automatically transmitted to our computer. Our system interfaced with fwd complete blood count analyzers(Sysmex NE-8000 and Coulter STKS) for unidirectional data tansmission from analyzer to computer. The authors suggests that this system based on down-sized computer could provide a progressive approach to total LIS based on local area network, and the implemented system could serve as a model for other hospital's LIS for routine hematology. 30609 T00401030609 ^x To develop an artificial bone substitute that is gradually degraded and replaced by the regenerated natural bone, the authors designed a composite that is consisted of calcium phosphate and collagen. To use as the structural matrix of the composite, collagen was purified from human umbilical cord. The obtained collagen was treated by pepsin to remove telopeptides, and finally, the immune-free atelocollagen was produced: The cross linked atelocollagen was highly resistant to the collagenase induced collagenolysis. The cross linked collagen demonstrated an improved tensile strength. 30618 T00401030618 ^x This paper is a study on the design of adptive filter for QRS complex detection. We propose a simple adaptive algorithm to increase capability of noise cancelation in QRS complex detection with two stage adaptive filter. At the first stage, background noise is removed and at the next stage, only spectrum of QRS complex components is passed. Two adaptive filters can afford to keep track of the changes of both noise and QRS complex. Each adaptive filter consists of prediction error filter and FIR filter The impulse response of FIR filter uses coefficients of prediction error filter. The detection rates for 105 and 108 of MIT/BIH data base were 99.3% and 97.4% respectively. 30619 T00401030619 ^x To develop an artificial bone substitute that is gradually degraded and replaced by the regenerated natural bone, the authors designed and produced a composite that is consisted of calcium phosphate and collagen. Human umbilical cord origin pepsin treated type I atelocollagen was used as the structural matrix, by which sintered or non-sintered carbonate apatite was encapsulated to form an inorganic-organic composite. With cross linking atelocollagen by UV ray irradiation, the resistance to both compressive and tensile strength was increased. Collagen degradation by the collagenase induced collagenolysis was also decreased. 30620 T00401030620 ^x We have developed a monoleaflet polymer valve as an inexpensive and viable alternative, especially for short-term use in the ventricular assist device or total artificial heart. The frame and leaflet of the polymer valve were made from polyurethane, To evaluate the hemodynamic performance of the polymer valve a comparative study of flow dynamics past a polymer valve and a St. Jude Medical prosthetic valve under physiological pulsatile flow conditions in vitro was made. Comparisons between the valves were made on the transvalvular pressure drop, regurgitation volume and maximum valve opening area. The polymer valve showed smaller regurgitation volume and transvalvular pressure drop compared to the mechanical valve at higher heart rate. The results showed that the functional characteristics of the polymer valve compared favorably with those of the mechanical valve at higher heart rate. 30621 T00401030621 ^x Explosive evaporative removal process of biological tissue by absorption of a CW laser has been simulated by using gelatin and a multimode Nd:YAG laser. Because the point of maximun temperature of laser-irradiated gelatin exists below the surface due to surface cooling, evaporation at the boiling temperature is made explosively from below the surface. The important parameters of this process are the conduction loss to laser power absorption (defined as the conduction-to-laser power parameter, Nk), the convection heat transfer at the surface to conduction loss (defined as Bi), dimensionless extinction coefficient (defined as Br.), and dimensionless irradiation time (defined as Fo). Dependence of Fo on Nk and Bi has been observed by experiment, and the results have been compared with the numerical results obtained by solving a 2-dimensional conduction equation. Fo and explosion depth (from the surface to the point of maximun temperature) are increased when Nk and Bi are increased.To find out the minimum laser power for explosive evaporative removal process, steady state analysis has been also made. The limit of Nk to induce evaporative removal, which is proportional to the inverse of the laser power, has been obtained. 30622 T00401030622 ^x N1 and N2 gross neural action potentials were measured from the round window of the guinea pig cochlea at the onset of the acoustic stimuli. N1-N2 audiograms were made by means of regulating stimulant intensities in order to produce constant N1-N2 potentials as criteria for different input tone pip frequencies. The lowest threshold was measured with an input tone pip I5 dB SPL in intensity and 12 KHz in frequency when the animal was in normal physiological condition. The procedure of experimental measurements is explained in detail. This experimental approach is very useful for the investigation of the Cochlear function. Both noN1inear and active functions of the Cochlea can be monitored by N1-N2 audiograms. 30623 T00401030623 ^x In electrical impedance tomography(EIT), we use boundary current and voltage measurements toprovide the information about the cross-sectional distribution of electrical impedance or resistivity. One of the major problems in EIT has been the inaccessibility of internal voltage or current data in finding the internal impedance values. We propose a new image reconstruction method using internal current density data measured by NMR. We obtained a two-dimensional current density distribution within a phantom by processing the real and imaginary MR images from a 4.77 NMR machine. We implemented a resistivity mage reconstruction algorithm using the finite element method and sensitivity matrix. We presented computer simulation results of the mage reconstruction algorithm and furture direction of the research. 30624 T00401030624 ^x A new method of digital image analysis technique for discrimination of cancer cell was presented in this paper. The object image was the Thyroid eland cells image that was diagnosed as normal and abnormal (two types of abnormal: follicular neoplastic cell, and papillary neoplastic cell), respectively. By using the proposed region segmentation algorithm, the cells were segmented into nucleus. The 16 feature parameters were used to calculate the features of each nucleus. A9 a consequence of using dominant feature parameters method proposed in this paper, discrimination rate of 91.11% was obtained for Thyroid Gland cells. 30625 T00401030625 ^x An electrical stimulator was designed to induce locomotion for paraplegic patients caused by central nervous system injury. Optimal stimulus parameters, which can minimize muscle fatigue and can achieve effective muscle contraction were determined in slow and fast muscles in Sprague-Dawley rats. Stimulus patterns of our stimulator were designed to simulate electromyographic activity monitored during locomotion of normal subjects. Muscle types of the lower extremity were classified according to their mechanical property of contraction, which are slow muscle (msoleus m.) and fast muscle (medial gastrocneminus m., rectus femoris m., vastus lateralis m.). Optimal parameters of electrical stimulation for slow muscles were 20 Hz, 0.2 ms square pulse. For fast muscle, 40 Hz, 0.3 ms square pulse was optimal to produce repeated contraction. Higher stimulus intensity was required when synergistic muscles were stimulated simultaneously than when they were stimulated individually. Electrical stimulation for each muscle was designed to generate bipedal locomotion, so that individual muscles alternate contraction and relaxation to simulate stance and swing phases. Portable electrical stimulator with 16 channels built in microprocessor was constructed and applied to paraplegic patients due to lumbar cord injury. The electrical stimulator restored partially gait function in paraplegic patients. 30626 T00401030626 ^x Two-Dimensional modelling of the Cochlear biomechanics is presented in this paper. The Laplace partial differential equation which represents the fluid mechanics of the Cochlea has been transformed into two-dimensional electrical transmission line. The procedure of this transformation is explained in detail. The comparison between one and two dimensional models is also presented. This electrical modelling of the basilar membrane (BM) is clearly useful for the next approach to the further. Development of active elements which are essential in the producing of the sharp tuning of the BM. This paper shows that two-dimension model is qualitatively better than one-dimensional model both in amplitude and phase responses of the BM displacement. The present model is only for frequency response. However because the model is electrical, the two-dimensional transmission line model can be extended to time response without any difficult. 30627 T00401030627 ^x A method has been proposed for the fully automatic detection of left ventricular endocardial boundary in 2D short axis echocardiogram using geometric model. The procedure has the following three distinct stages. First, the initial center is estimated by the initial center estimation algorithm which is applied to decimated image. Second, the center estimation algorithm is applied to original image and then best-fit elliptic model estimation is processed. Third, best-fit boundary is detected by the cost function which is based on the best-fit elliptic model. The proposed method shows effective result without manual intervention by a human operator. 30628 T00401030628 ^x The intelligent trajectory control method that controls moving direction and average velocity for a prosthetic arm is proposed by pattern recognition and force estimations using EMG signals. Also, we propose the real time trajectory planning method which generates continuous accelleration paths using 3 stage linear filters to minimize the impact to human body induced by arm motions and to reduce the muscle fatigue. We use combination of MLP and fuzzy filter for pattern recognition to estimate the direction of a muscle and Hogan's method for the force estimation. EMG signals are acquired by using a amputation simulator and 2 dimensional joystick motion. The simulation results of proposed prosthetic arm control system using the EMf signals show that the arm is effectively followed the desired trajectory depended on estimated force and direction of muscle movements. 30638 T00401030638 ^x A new neural network architecture for the recognition of patterns from images is proposed, which is partially based on the results of physiological studies. The proposed network is composed of multi-layers and the nerve cells in each layer are connected by spatial filters which approximate receptive fields in optic nerve fields. In the proposed method, patterns recognition for complicated images is carried out using global features as well as local features such as lines and end-points. A new generating method of matched filers representing global features is proposed in this network. 30659 T00401030659 ^x An implementation scheme of the magnetic nerve stimulator using a switching mode power supply is proposed. By using a switching mode power supply rather than a conventional linear power supply for charging high voltage capacitors, the weight and size of the magnetic nerve stimulator can be considerably reduced. Maximum output voltage of the developed magnetic nerve stimulator using the switching mode power supply is 3, 000 volts and switching time is about 100 msec. Experimental results or human nerve stimulations using the developed stimulator are presented. 30768 T00401030768 ^x In this paper, we describe the design methodology and specifications of the developed module-based bedside monitors for patient monitoring. The bedside monitor consists of a main unit and module cases with various parameter modules. The main unit includes a 12.1" TFT color LCD, a main CPU board, and peripherals such as a module controller, Ethernet LAN card, video card, rotate/push button controller, etc. The main unit can connect at maximum three module cases each of which can accommodate up to 7 parameter modules. They include the modules for electrocardiograph, respiration, invasive blood pressure, noninvasive blood pressure, temperature, and SpO2 with Plethysmograph.SpO2 with Plethysmograph.

• 한국우주과학회:학술대회논문집(한국우주과학회보)
• /
• 한국우주과학회 1993년도 한국우주과학회보 제2권2호
• /
• pp.17-17
• /
• 1993

The wall shear stress in the vicinity of end-to end anastomoses under steady flow conditions was measured using a flush-mounted hot-film anemometer(FMHFA) probe. The experimental measurements were in good agreement with numerical results except in flow with low Reynolds numbers. The wall shear stress increased proximal to the anastomosis in flow from the Penrose tubing (simulating an artery) to the PTFE: graft. In flow from the PTFE graft to the Penrose tubing, low wall shear stress was observed distal to the anastomosis. Abnormal distributions of wall shear stress in the vicinity of the anastomosis, resulting from the compliance mismatch between the graft and the host artery, might be an important factor of ANFH formation and the graft failure. The present study suggests a correlation between regions of the low wall shear stress and the development of anastomotic neointimal fibrous hyperplasia(ANPH) in end-to-end anastomoses. 30523 T00401030523 ^x Air pressure decay(APD) rate and ultrafiltration rate(UFR) tests were performed on new and saline rinsed dialyzers as well as those roused in patients several times. C-DAK 4000 (Cordis Dow) and CF IS-11 (Baxter Travenol) reused dialyzers obtained from the dialysis clinic were used in the present study. The new dialyzers exhibited a relatively flat APD, whereas saline rinsed and reused dialyzers showed considerable amount of decay. C-DAH dialyzers had a larger APD(11.70${\pm}$1.32mmHg/min)compared to CF dialyzers(4.32${\pm}$0.55mmHg/min)(p<0.05). However, there was no observable difference in the UFR between the two dialyzers. Neither APD nor UFR showed any significant increase with an increasing number of reuses for up to more than 20reuses. A substantial number of failures observed in APD(larger than 20mmHe/min)on the reused dialyzers(2 out of 40 CP and S out 26 C-DAK) were attributed to the Possible damage on the fibers. The CF 15-11 HFDs which failed APD test did not show changes in the UFR compared to normal dialyzers indicating that APD is a more sensitive test than UFR test to evaluate the integrity of the fibers. 30527 T00401030527 ^x For quantitative measurement of reflected light from a clinical diagnostic strip, a prototype old reflectance photometer was designed. The strip loader and cassette were made to obtain more accurate reflectance parameters. The strip was illuminated at 45˚c through optical fiber and the intensity of reflected light was determined at rectanguLat angle using a photodiode. The kubelka-munk coefficient and reflection optical density were determined ar four different wavelengths(500,550,570 and 610nm) for blood glucose strip. For higher concentration than 300mg/41 about glucose, a saturation state of abforbance was observed at 500,550 and 570nm. The correlation between glucose concentration and parameters was the best at 610nm. 30535 T00401030535 ^x Radiation-induced fibrosarcoma tumors were grown on the flanks of C3H mice. The mice were divided into two groups. One group was injected with Photofrin II, intravenously (2.5mg/kg body weight). The other group received no Photofrin II. Mice from both groups were irradialed for approximately 15 minutes at 100,300, or 500 mW/cm2 with the argon (488nm/514.5 nm), dye(628nm) and gold vapor (pulsed 628 nm) laser light. A photosensitizer behaved as an added absorber. Under our experimental conditions, the presence of Photolfrin II increased surface temperature by at least 40% and the temperature rise due to 300 mW/cm2 irradiation exceeded values for hyperthermia. Light and temperature distributions with depth were estimated by a computer model. The model demonstrated the influence of wavelength on the thermal process and proved to be a valuable tool to investigate internal temperature rise. 30536 T00401030536 ^x We investigated the structural geometry of thirty-eight Korean femurs. The purpose of this study is to identify major geometrical differences between Korean femurs 3nd others that we believe belong to Caucasians so that we would be able to get insights into the femoral component design that fits Asians including Koreans. We utilized computerized tomography (CT) images of femurs extracted from cadavers. The CT images were transformed into bitmap data by using a film scanner, and then analyzed by using a commercially available software called Image v.1.0 and a Macintosh IIci computer.The resulting data were compared with already published data. The major results show that the geometry of the Korean femurs is significantly different from that of Caucasians: (1) the anteversion angle and the canal flare index are greater by the amount of approximately 8˚ and 0.5, respectively, (2) the shape of the isthmus cross section is more round, and (3) the distance between the teaser trochanter and the proximal border of the isthmus is shelter by about 15 mm. The results suggested that the femoral component suitable for Asians should be different from the currently-used components designed and manufactured mostly by European or American companies. 30537 T00401030537 ^x It is well known that nonlinear propagation characteristics of the wave in the tissue may give very useful information for the medical diagnoisis. In this paper, a new method to detect nonlinear propagation characteristics of the internal vibration in the tissue for the low frequency mechanical vibration by using bispectral analysis is proposed. In the method, low frequency vibration of f0( = 100Hz) is applied on the surface of the object, and the waveform of the internal vibration x (t) is measured from Doppler frequency modulation of silmultaneously transmitted probing ultrasonic waves. Then, the bispectra of the signal x (t) at the frequencies (f0, f0) and (f0, 2f0) are calculated to estimate the nonlinear propagation characteristics as their magnitude ratio, w here since bispectrum is free from the gaussian additive noise we can get the value with high S/N. Basic experimental system is constructed by using 3.0 MHz probing ultrasonic waves and the several experiments are carried out for some phantoms. Results show the superiority of the proposed method to the conventional method using power spectrum and also its usefulness for the tissue characterization. 30541 T00401030541 ^x This paper describes the implementation of a computerized radial pulse diagnosis by aids of a clinical expert. On this base, we composed of the radial pulse diagnosis system in korean traditional medicine. The system composed of a radial pulse wave detection system and a radial pulse diagnosis system. With a detection system, we detected Inyoung and Cheongu radial pulse wave and processed it. Then, we have got the characteristic parameters of radial pulse wave and also quantified that according to the method of Inyoung-Cheongu Comparison Radial Pulse Diagnosis. We defined the jugement standard of radial pulse diagnosis system and then we confirmed the possibility for realization of automatic radial pulse diagnosis in korean traditional medicine. 30545 T00401030545 ^x Microspheres are expected to be applied to biomedical areas such as solid-phase immunoassays, drug delivery systems, immunomagnetic cell separation. To synthesize microspheres for biomedical application, "two stage shot growth method" was developed. The uniformity ratio of synthesized microspheres was always smaller than 1.05. And the surface charge density (or the number of ionizable functional groups) of the microspheres synthesized by "two stage shot growth method" was 6~13 times higher than that of the microspheres synthesized by conventional seeded batch copolymerization. As a previous step for biomedical application, adsorption experiments of bovine albumin on microspheres were carried out under various conditions. The maximum adsorbed amount was obtained in the neighborhood of pH 4.5. Isoelectric point of bovine albumin is pH 5.0, so experimental result shows that it shifted to acid area. The adsorption isotherm was obtained, the plateau region was always reached at 2.Og/L (bulk concentration of bovine albumin).The effect of the kind and the amount of surface functional group was also examined. 30575 T00401030575 ^x A medical image workstation was developed using multimedia technique. The system based on PC-486DX was designed to acquire medical images produced by medical imaging instruments and related audio information, that is, doctors' reporting results. Input information was processed and analyzed, then the results were presented in the form of graph and animation. All the informations of the system were hierarchically related with the image as the apex. Processing and analysis algorithms were implemented so that the diagnostic accuracy could be improved. The diagnosed information can be transferred for patient diagnosis through LAN(local area network). 30592 T00401030592 ^x In the conventional infrared imaging system, complex infrared lens systems are usually used for directing collimated narrow infrared beams into the high speed 2-dimensional optic scanner. In this paper, a simple reflective infrared optic system with a 2-dimensional optic scanner is proposed for the realization of medical infrared thermography system. It has been experimentally proven that the intfrared thermography system composed of the proposed optic system has the temperature resolution of 0.1˚c under the spatial resolution of lmrad, the image matrix size of 256 X 240, and tile imaging time of 4 seconds. 30593 T00401030593 ^x In this paper, MIIS (Medical Image Information System) has been designed and implemented using INGRES RDBMS, which is based on a client/server architecture. The implemented system allows users to register and retrieve patient information, medical images and diagnostic reports. It also provides the function to display these information on workstation windows simultaneously by using the designed menu-driven graphic user interface. The medical image compression/decompression techniques are implemented and integrated into the medical image database system for the efficient data storage and the fast access through the network. 30594 T00401030594 ^x In this paper, computerized BEAM was implemented for the space domain analysis of EEG. Trans-formation from temporal summation to two-dimensional mappings is formed by 4 nearest point inter-polaton method. Methods of representation of BEAM are two. One is dot density method which classify brain electrical potential 9 levels by dot density of gray levels and the other is colour method which classify brain electrical 12 levels by red-green colours. In this BEAM, instantaneous change and average energy distribution over any arbitrary time interval of brain electrical activity could be observed and analyzed easily. In the frequency domain, the distribution of energy spectrum of a special band can easily be distinguished normality and abnormality. 30608 T00401030608 ^x Laboratory information system (LIS) is a key tool to manage laboratory data in clinical pathology. Our department has developed an information system for routine hematology using down-sized computer system. We have used an IBM 486 compatible PC with 16MB main memory, 210 MB hard disk drive, 9 RS-232C port and 24 pin dot printer. The operating system and database management system were SCO UNIX and SCO foxbase, respectively. For program development, we used Xbase language provided by SCO foxbase. The C language was used for interface purpose. To make the system use friendly, pull-down menu was used. The system connected to our hospital information system via application program interface (API), so the information related to patient and request details is automatically transmitted to our computer. Our system interfaced with fwd complete blood count analyzers(Sysmex NE-8000 and Coulter STKS) for unidirectional data tansmission from analyzer to computer. The authors suggests that this system based on down-sized computer could provide a progressive approach to total LIS based on local area network, and the implemented system could serve as a model for other hospital's LIS for routine hematology. 30609 T00401030609 ^x To develop an artificial bone substitute that is gradually degraded and replaced by the regenerated natural bone, the authors designed a composite that is consisted of calcium phosphate and collagen. To use as the structural matrix of the composite, collagen was purified from human umbilical cord. The obtained collagen was treated by pepsin to remove telopeptides, and finally, the immune-free atelocollagen was produced: The cross linked atelocollagen was highly resistant to the collagenase induced collagenolysis. The cross linked collagen demonstrated an improved tensile strength. 30618 T00401030618 ^x This paper is a study on the design of adptive filter for QRS complex detection. We propose a simple adaptive algorithm to increase capability of noise cancelation in QRS complex detection with two stage adaptive filter. At the first stage, background noise is removed and at the next stage, only spectrum of QRS complex components is passed. Two adaptive filters can afford to keep track of the changes of both noise and QRS complex. Each adaptive filter consists of prediction error filter and FIR filter The impulse response of FIR filter uses coefficients of prediction error filter. The detection rates for 105 and 108 of MIT/BIH data base were 99.3% and 97.4% respectively. 30619 T00401030619 ^x To develop an artificial bone substitute that is gradually degraded and replaced by the regenerated natural bone, the authors designed and produced a composite that is consisted of calcium phosphate and collagen. Human umbilical cord origin pepsin treated type I atelocollagen was used as the structural matrix, by which sintered or non-sintered carbonate apatite was encapsulated to form an inorganic-organic composite. With cross linking atelocollagen by UV ray irradiation, the resistance to both compressive and tensile strength was increased. Collagen degradation by the collagenase induced collagenolysis was also decreased. 30620 T00401030620 ^x We have developed a monoleaflet polymer valve as an inexpensive and viable alternative, especially for short-term use in the ventricular assist device or total artificial heart. The frame and leaflet of the polymer valve were made from polyurethane, To evaluate the hemodynamic performance of the polymer valve a comparative study of flow dynamics past a polymer valve and a St. Jude Medical prosthetic valve under physiological pulsatile flow conditions in vitro was made. Comparisons between the valves were made on the transvalvular pressure drop, regurgitation volume and maximum valve opening area. The polymer valve showed smaller regurgitation volume and transvalvular pressure drop compared to the mechanical valve at higher heart rate. The results showed that the functional characteristics of the polymer valve compared favorably with those of the mechanical valve at higher heart rate. 30621 T00401030621 ^x Explosive evaporative removal process of biological tissue by absorption of a CW laser has been simulated by using gelatin and a multimode Nd:YAG laser. Because the point of maximun temperature of laser-irradiated gelatin exists below the surface due to surface cooling, evaporation at the boiling temperature is made explosively from below the surface. The important parameters of this process are the conduction loss to laser power absorption (defined as the conduction-to-laser power parameter, Nk), the convection heat transfer at the surface to conduction loss (defined as Bi), dimensionless extinction coefficient (defined as Br.), and dimensionless irradiation time (defined as Fo). Dependence of Fo on Nk and Bi has been observed by experiment, and the results have been compared with the numerical results obtained by solving a 2-dimensional conduction equation. Fo and explosion depth (from the surface to the point of maximun temperature) are increased when Nk and Bi are increased.To find out the minimum laser power for explosive evaporative removal process, steady state analysis has been also made. The limit of Nk to induce evaporative removal, which is proportional to the inverse of the laser power, has been obtained. 30622 T00401030622 ^x N1 and N2 gross neural action potentials were measured from the round window of the guinea pig cochlea at the onset of the acoustic stimuli. N1-N2 audiograms were made by means of regulating stimulant intensities in order to produce constant N1-N2 potentials as criteria for different input tone pip frequencies. The lowest threshold was measured with an input tone pip I5 dB SPL in intensity and 12 KHz in frequency when the animal was in normal physiological condition. The procedure of experimental measurements is explained in detail. This experimental approach is very useful for the investigation of the Cochlear function. Both noN1inear and active functions of the Cochlea can be monitored by N1-N2 audiograms. 30623 T00401030623 ^x In electrical impedance tomography(EIT), we use boundary current and voltage measurements toprovide the information about the cross-sectional distribution of electrical impedance or resistivity. One of the major problems in EIT has been the inaccessibility of internal voltage or current data in finding the internal impedance values. We propose a new image reconstruction method using internal current density data measured by NMR. We obtained a two-dimensional current density distribution within a phantom by processing the real and imaginary MR images from a 4.77 NMR machine. We implemented a resistivity mage reconstruction algorithm using the finite element method and sensitivity matrix. We presented computer simulation results of the mage reconstruction algorithm and furture direction of the research. 30624 T00401030624 ^x A new method of digital image analysis technique for discrimination of cancer cell was presented in this paper. The object image was the Thyroid eland cells image that was diagnosed as normal and abnormal (two types of abnormal: follicular neoplastic cell, and papillary neoplastic cell), respectively. By using the proposed region segmentation algorithm, the cells were segmented into nucleus. The 16 feature parameters were used to calculate the features of each nucleus. A9 a consequence of using dominant feature parameters method proposed in this paper, discrimination rate of 91.11% was obtained for Thyroid Gland cells. 30625 T00401030625 ^x An electrical stimulator was designed to induce locomotion for paraplegic patients caused by central nervous system injury. Optimal stimulus parameters, which can minimize muscle fatigue and can achieve effective muscle contraction were determined in slow and fast muscles in Sprague-Dawley rats. Stimulus patterns of our stimulator were designed to simulate electromyographic activity monitored during locomotion of normal subjects. Muscle types of the lower extremity were classified according to their mechanical property of contraction, which are slow muscle (msoleus m.) and fast muscle (medial gastrocneminus m., rectus femoris m., vastus lateralis m.). Optimal parameters of electrical stimulation for slow muscles were 20 Hz, 0.2 ms square pulse. For fast muscle, 40 Hz, 0.3 ms square pulse was optimal to produce repeated contraction. Higher stimulus intensity was required when synergistic muscles were stimulated simultaneously than when they were stimulated individually. Electrical stimulation for each muscle was designed to generate bipedal locomotion, so that individual muscles alternate contraction and relaxation to simulate stance and swing phases. Portable electrical stimulator with 16 channels built in microprocessor was constructed and applied to paraplegic patients due to lumbar cord injury. The electrical stimulator restored partially gait function in paraplegic patients. 30626 T00401030626 ^x Two-Dimensional modelling of the Cochlear biomechanics is presented in this paper. The Laplace partial differential equation which represents the fluid mechanics of the Cochlea has been transformed into two-dimensional electrical transmission line. The procedure of this transformation is explained in detail. The comparison between one and two dimensional models is also presented. This electrical modelling of the basilar membrane (BM) is clearly useful for the next approach to the further. Development of active elements which are essential in the producing of the sharp tuning of the BM. This paper shows that two-dimension model is qualitatively better than one-dimensional model both in amplitude and phase responses of the BM displacement. The present model is only for frequency response. However because the model is electrical, the two-dimensional transmission line model can be extended to time response without any difficult. 30627 T00401030627 ^x A method has been proposed for the fully automatic detection of left ventricular endocardial boundary in 2D short axis echocardiogram using geometric model. The procedure has the following three distinct stages. First, the initial center is estimated by the initial center estimation algorithm which is applied to decimated image. Second, the center estimation algorithm is applied to original image and then best-fit elliptic model estimation is processed. Third, best-fit boundary is detected by the cost function which is based on the best-fit elliptic model. The proposed method shows effective result without manual intervention by a human operator. 30628 T00401030628 ^x The intelligent trajectory control method that controls moving direction and average velocity for a prosthetic arm is proposed by pattern recognition and force estimations using EMG signals. Also, we propose the real time trajectory planning method which generates continuous accelleration paths using 3 stage linear filters to minimize the impact to human body induced by arm motions and to reduce the muscle fatigue. We use combination of MLP and fuzzy filter for pattern recognition to estimate the direction of a muscle and Hogan's method for the force estimation. EMG signals are acquired by using a amputation simulator and 2 dimensional joystick motion. The simulation results of proposed prosthetic arm control system using the EMf signals show that the arm is effectively followed the desired trajectory depended on estimated force and direction of muscle movements. 30638 T00401030638 ^x A new neural network architecture for the recognition of patterns from images is proposed, which is partially based on the results of physiological studies. The proposed network is composed of multi-layers and the nerve cells in each layer are connected by spatial filters which approximate receptive fields in optic nerve fields. In the proposed method, patterns recognition for complicated images is carried out using global features as well as local features such as lines and end-points. A new generating method of matched filers representing global features is proposed in this network. 30659 T00401030659 ^x An implementation scheme of the magnetic nerve stimulator using a switching mode power supply is proposed. By using a switching mode power supply rather than a conventional linear power supply for charging high voltage capacitors, the weight and size of the magnetic nerve stimulator can be considerably reduced. Maximum output voltage of the developed magnetic nerve stimulator using the switching mode power supply is 3,000 volts and switching time is about 100 msec. Experimental results or human nerve stimulations using the developed stimulator are presented. 30768 T00401030768 ^x In this paper, we describe the design methodology and specifications of the developed module-based bedside monitors for patient monitoring. The bedside monitor consists of a main unit and module cases with various parameter modules. The main unit includes a 12.1" TFT color LCD, a main CPU board, and peripherals such as a module controller, Ethernet LAN card, video card, rotate/push button controller, etc. The main unit can connect at maximum three module cases each of which can accommodate up to 7 parameter modules. They include the modules for electrocardiograph, respiration, invasive blood pressure, noninvasive blood pressure, temperature, and SpO2 with Plethysmograph.