• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.103-114
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• 1994

For a $2 \times 2$ factorial design without the restriction of a linear model or without regard to error terms having homoscedasticity, under the null hypothesis of no interaction we can have the rank transformed F statistic for interaction converge in distribution to a chi-squared random variable with one degree of random if and only if there is only main effect.

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.267-276
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• 2004

Much of previous attention on researches of the decision tree focuses on the splitting criteria and optimization of tree size. Nowadays the quantity of the data increase and relation of variables becomes very complex. And hence, this comes to have plenty number of unnecessary node and leaf. Consequently the confidence of the explanation and forecasting of the decision tree falls off. In this research report, we propose some decision tree algorithms considering the interaction of predictor variables. A generic algorithm, the k-1 Algorithm, dealing with the interaction with a combination of all predictor variable is presented. And then, the extended version k-k Algorithm which considers with the interaction every k-depth with a combination of some predictor variables. Also, we present an improved algorithm by introducing control parameter to the algorithms. The algorithms are tested by real field credit card data, census data, bank data, etc.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.241-260
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• 2002

The effect of shear coupled with axial force variation on the inelastic seismic behaviour of reinforced concrete bridge piers is investigated in this paper. For this purpose, a hysteretic axial-shear interaction model was developed and implemented in a nonlinear finite element analysis program. Thus, flexure-shear-axial interaction is simulated under variable amplitude reversed actions. Comparative studies for shear-dominated reinforced concrete columns indicated that a conventional FE model based on flexure-axial interaction only gave wholly inadequate results and was therefore incapable of predicting the behaviour of such members. Analysis of a reinforced concrete bridge damaged during the Northridge (California 1994) earthquake demonstrated the importance of shear modelling. The contribution of shear deformation to total displacement was considerable, leading to increased ductility demand. Moreover, the effect of shear with axial force variation can significantly affect strength, stiffness and energy dissipation capacity of reinforced concrete members. It is concluded that flexure-shear-axial interaction should be taken into account in assessing the behaviour of reinforced concrete bridge columns, especially in the presence of high vertical ground motion.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.373-383
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• 1997

The purpose of the study was to investigate parent care consciousness at the viewpoint of symbolic interaction perspective-familism, norms of home, relation of their parent. data were collected form questionnaires with 267 male and female who were in the age of 10-50 and residents of Seoul. the data were analyzed with the SPSS statistical package. The major findings were as follows : (1) The general trends of symbolic interaction perspective's variable and parent care consciousness showed relatively high. (2) symbolic interaction perspective's variables was affected by socio-demographic variables. (3) Parent care consciousness was affected by marital status, age, cohabiation status with a grandparent. (4) The correlations of parent care consciousness was significant in symbolic interaction perspective's variables.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제37권9호
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• pp.73-84
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• 1999

This study investigated to understand the styles and attitudes toward salespersons and to compare the differences of the interaction in the marketplace among the generations. 920 samples were surveyed in Chunlabuk-do and 851 samples were used for the statistical analysis. As results of this study, 1) consumers’assertiveness level was less than one’s non-assertiveness level and aggressiveness level. 2) The aggressive type was the most popular type of the interaction and the assertive type was the most unpopular type. 3) The significant differences were found in the interaction altitudes and types of it among generation and between sexes for the whole sample.4) The religion was the significant variable in the differences of the interaction type for the adolescents and the elderly.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.1-18
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• 2005

This study is a preliminary investigation of the nature of discourse marker acquisition in Korean American speakers of English. Discourse markers are of interest because they are not an aspect of language taught through formal instruction either to native or non-native speakers. Therefore, discourse marker use serves as indirect evidence of face-to-face interaction with native speakers and an indicator of integration. In this light, the present study examines the presence of discourse markers in Korean Americans. The markers chosen for analysis were you know, like, and I mean. The data consist of spontaneous speech elicited from interviews. Sociolinguistic variables such as age, sex, and generation (i.e., $1^{st}$, 1.5, $2^{nd}$) were examined. Results show that there appears to be interaction between the variables and discourse marker use. While all speakers showed variable acquisition of markers, younger, female, and 1.5 generation speakers were found to use discourse markers more than other speakers. Although discourse marker use is optional and thus not a linguistic feature that must be necessarily acquired, it is clear that use is pervasive and acquired differentially by English speakers irrespective of whether they are native or not.

• Interaction and multiscale mechanics
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.157-171
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• 2010

In this paper, a theoretical method has been developed for the electric double layer interaction under condition of the variable dielectric permittivity of water. Using Poisson-Boltzmann equation (PBE), for one plate and two plates having similar or dissimilar constant charge or constant potential, we have investigated the electric double layer potential, its gradient and the disjoining pressure as well as the effect of variation of dielectric permittivity on these parameters. It has been assumed that plates are separated by a specific distance and contain a liquid solution in between. It is shown that reduction of the dielectric permittivity near the interfaces results in compression of electric double layers and affects the potential and its gradient which leads to a decreased electrostatic repulsion. In addition, it is shown that variation of dielectric permittivity in the case of higher electrolyte concentration, leads to a greater change in potential distribution between two plates.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권7호
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• pp.195-201
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• 2021

This study aims to assess the impact of ownership structure of commercial banks on bank credit risk in Vietnam. The authors used the unbalanced table data of 28 commercial banks in the period from 2004 to 2020 with 439 observations. The ratio of loan loss provisioning to loans (CR) is selected as a dependent variable representing credit risk at commercial banks. The regression methods used include: least squares method (OLS), fixed-effect model (FEM), random-effect model (REM) and general least squares method (GLS). The results reveal that, with interaction variable between the ratio of equity to total assets and foreign ownership, the national GDP annual growth rate is negatively associated with credit risk. With the ratio of equity to total assets, the interaction variable between equity and state ownership, and bank size have a significant positive impact on credit risk. In addition, inflation has negligible impact on the credit risk of commercial banks in Vietnam over the research period. The findings of this study suggest that, if foreign-owned banks increase equity capital, there will be a stronger impact on reducing credit risk than other banks. On the other hand, when state-owned commercial banks in Vietnam increase equity, they will have higher credit risk.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.293-305
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• 2016

This study examines the mediation effect of teacher-child interactions in the process of the impact of teacher's teaching-efficacy on childhood education institutions and classroom environment on peer-play interactions. We used data from 970 children aged between 49 and 55 months and 970 homeroom teachers from the fifth Korean Child Panel (2012) of the Korea Institute of Child Care and Education. The model fitness was excellent after data were statistically analyzed with model of structure to testify the relationship and effect among teaching efficacy, classroom environment, teacher-child interactions, and peer-play interactions. First, the analysis also showed that the teacher's teaching efficacy did not influence peer-play interactions directly, but gave an indirect effect on the peer-play interactions with the mediation of the teacher-child interactions. Second, the classroom environment directly and indirectly influenced the peer-play interactions with the mediation of the teacher-child interactions. Third, the variable of teacher-child interactions was fully effective as a mediating variable in the process of the teaching efficacy and classroom environment influence on teacher-child interactions. Teaching efficacy and classroom environment influenced the peer-play interactions through the mediation of the teacher-child interactions. The significance of mediation effect of the teacher-child interactions was verified through a bootstrapping method.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.98-112
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• 2021

This study aimed at measuring students' interaction in distance education through the electronic platform among intermediate school students, by identifying the level of students' interaction in distance education and differences between them, as well as its impact on their motivation to learn. To achieve the aim of the study, two scales were designed for this purpose and were applied to a sample consisting of (268) individuals. The results showed that the level of students' interaction through the e-learning platform was at a high level. The results also showed that there was no statistically significant difference between the mean scores of males and females in the scale of students' interaction through the e-learning platform. There was no statistically significant difference between them in their motivation for distance learning via the online platform. There were also no statistically significant differences related to the grade variable in the level of interaction through the electronic platform and in the motivation to learn, while there was a positive statistically significant effect of interaction through the electronic platform on students' motivation to learn.