• 융합보안논문지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.93-100
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• 2021

지능형 사이버 공격으로 인한 피해는 시스템 운영 중단과 정보 유출뿐만 아니라 엄청난 규모의 경제적 손실을 동반한다. 최근 사이버 공격은 공격 목표가 뚜렷하며, 고도화된 공격 도구와 기법을 활용하여 정확하게 공격 대상으로 침투한다. 이러한 지능적인 사이버 공격으로 인한 피해를 최소화하기 위해서는 사이버 공격이 공격 대상의 핵심 시스템까지 침입하지 못하도록 공격 초기 또는 과정에서 차단해야 한다. 최근에는 빅데이터나 인공지능 기술을 활용하여 사이버 공격 경로를 예측하고 위험 수준을 분석하는 보안 기술들이 연구되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 자동화 사이버 공격 경로 예측 시스템 개발을 위한 기초 메커니즘으로 공격 트리와 RFI 기법을 활용한 사이버 공격 경로 분석 방법을 제안한다. 공격 트리를 활용하여 공격 경로를 가시화하고 각 공격 단계에서 RFI 기법을 이용하여 다음 단계로 이동할 수 있는 경로를 판단한다. 향후에 제안한 방법을 기반으로 빅데이터와 딥러닝 기술을 활용한 자동화된 사이버 공격 경로 예측 시스템의 메커니즘으로 활용할 수 있다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.260-280
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• 2020

Cyber-attacks emerge in a more intelligent way, and various security technologies are applied to respond to such attacks. Still, more and more people agree that individual response to each intelligent infringement attack has a fundamental limit. Accordingly, the cyber threat intelligence analysis technology is drawing attention in analyzing the attacker group, interpreting the attack trend, and obtaining decision making information by collecting a large quantity of cyber-attack information and performing relation analysis. In this study, we proposed relation analysis factors and developed a system for establishing cyber threat intelligence, based on malicious code as a key means of cyber-attacks. As a result of collecting more than 36 million kinds of infringement information and conducting relation analysis, various implications that cannot be obtained by simple searches were derived. We expect actionable intelligence to be established in the true sense of the word if relation analysis logic is developed later.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.37-47
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• 2020

The In the 4^th industrial revolution, cyber space will evolve into hyper-connectivity, super-convergence, and super-intelligence due to the development of advanced information and communication technologies, which will connect the nation's core infrastructure into a single network. As applying the 4^th industrial revolution technology to the cyber attack technique, it is evolving in an intelligent and sophisticate method. In order to response intelligent cyber attacks, it is difficult to guarantee self-defense in cyberspace by policy-oriented, preplanned-centric and hierarchical cyber response strategies. Therefore, this research aims to propose a situation-flexible & action-oriented cyber response mechanism that can respond flexibly by selecting the most optimal smart security solution according to changes in the cyber attack steps. The proposed cyber response mechanism operates the smart security solutions according to the action-oriented detailed strategies. In addition, artificial intelligence-based decision-making systems are used to select the smart security technology with the best responsiveness.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.669-672
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• 2020

본 논문에서는 사이버물리시스템에 대한 사이버공격 경호위협 중 지능형건물관리시스템(IBS)을 중심으로 발생할 수 있는 사이버공격의 특성과 주요 위협 시나리오를 분석했다. 분석한 결과 일반적으로 예측이 가능한 위협에 대해 공격의 성공 가능성을 낮추는 것이 현실적인 공격의 대응방법이 되는 것으로 판단하였고, 구체적인 대응방안으로는 다계층 방어시스템의 적용과 보호대상 시스템에 대한 사이버안전진단 사전점검, 이동식 보안관제 시스템과 같은 방안들을 제시하였다.

• 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.112-118
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• 2023

As technology advances, the need for enhanced preparedness against cyber-attacks becomes an increasingly critical problem. Therefore, it is imperative to consider various circumstances and to prepare for cyber-attack strategic technology. This paper proposes a method to solve network security problems by applying reinforcement learning to cyber-security. In general, traditional static cyber-security methods have difficulty effectively responding to modern dynamic attack patterns. To address this, we implement cyber-attack scenarios such as 'Tiny Alpha' and 'Small Alpha' and evaluate the performance of various reinforcement learning methods using Network Attack Simulator, which is a cyber-attack simulation environment based on the gymnasium (formerly Open AI gym) interface. In addition, we experimented with different RL algorithms such as value-based methods (Q-Learning, Deep-Q-Network, and Double Deep-Q-Network) and policy-based methods (Actor-Critic). As a result, we observed that value-based methods with discrete action spaces consistently outperformed policy-based methods with continuous action spaces, demonstrating a performance difference ranging from a minimum of 20.9% to a maximum of 53.2%. This result shows that the scheme not only suggests opportunities for enhancing cybersecurity strategies, but also indicates potential applications in cyber-security education and system validation across a large number of domains such as military, government, and corporate sectors.

• 전자통신동향분석
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.36-45
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• 2022

As the interest in achieving an intelligent society grows with the fourth industrial revolution's development, information and communications technologies technologies like artificial intelligence (AI), Internet of Things, virtual reality, information security, and blockchain technology are being actively employed in different fields for achieving an intelligent society. With these modifications, the information security paradigm in industrial and public institutions, like personal sensitive data, is quickly changing, and it is exposed to different cyber threats and breaches. Furthermore, as the number of cyber threats and breaches grows, so does the need for rapid detection and response. This demand can be satisfied by establishing cyber training programs and fostering experts that can improve cyber security abilities. In this study, we explored the domestic and international technology trends in cyber security education and training facilities for developing experts in information security. Additionally, the AI technology application in the cyber training ground, which can be established to respond to and deter cyber threats that are becoming more intelligent, was examined.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.133-140
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• 2015

차세대지능형교통시스템(C-ITS)는 차량과 차량, 차량과 인프라 간의 양방향 통신으로 교통 정보를 공유하여 더욱 편리하고 안전하게 교통을 제어하는 시스템이다. C-ITS의 보안에 대한 준비가 제대로 갖춰지지 않을 경우 일시적인 교통 마비 및 대형 교통사고를 유발할 수 있고, 이에 따라 운전자의 생명에도 직접적인 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 C-ITS에서 발생할 수 있는 사이버 공격들을 시나리오를 통해 연구하여 그 예방 및 대응 방안을 제시한다.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.332-343
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• 2021

With cyberattack techniques on the rise, there have been increasing developments in the detection techniques that defend against such attacks. However, cyber attackers are now developing fileless malware to bypass existing detection techniques. To combat this trend, security vendors are publishing analysis reports to help manage and better understand fileless malware. However, only fragmentary analysis reports for specific fileless cyberattacks exist, and there have been no comprehensive analyses on the variety of fileless cyberattacks that can be encountered. In this study, we analyze 10 selected cyberattacks that have occurred over the past five years in which fileless techniques were utilized. We also propose a methodology for classification based on the attack techniques and characteristics used in fileless cyberattacks. Finally, we describe how the response time can be improved during a fileless attack using our quick and effective classification technique.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.3280-3298
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• 2019

Vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) have become increasingly significant in intelligent transportation systems, they play a great role in improving traffic safety and efficiency. In the deployment of intelligent VANETs, intelligent vehicles can efficiently exchange important or urgent traffic information and make driving decisions. Meanwhile, secure data communication and vehicle's identity privacy have been highlighted. To cope with these security issues, in this paper, we construct an efficient anonymous authentication scheme with secure communication in intelligent VANETs. Combing the ElGamal encryption technique with a modified Schnorr signature technique, the proposed scheme provides secure anonymous authentication process for encrypted message in the vehicle-to-infrastructure communication model, and achieves identity privacy, forward security, and reply attack resistance simultaneously. Moreover, except the trusted authority (TA), any outside entity cannot trace the real identity of an intelligent vehicle. The proposed scheme is designed on an identity-based system, which can remove the costs of establishing public key infrastructure (PKI) and certificates management. Compared with existing authentication schemes, the proposed scheme is much more practical in intelligent VANETs.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.390-399
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• 2022

Cyber security and resilience are phrases that describe safeguards of ICTs (information and communication technologies) from cyber-attacks or mitigations of cyber event impacts. The sole purpose of Risk models are detections, analyses, and handling by considering all relevant perceptions of risks. The current research effort has resulted in the development of a new paradigm for safeguarding services offered online which can be utilized by both service providers and users. customers. However, rather of relying on detailed studies, this approach emphasizes task selection and execution that leads to successful risk treatment outcomes. Modelling intelligent CSGs (Cyber Security Games) using MLTs (machine learning techniques) was the focus of this research. By limiting mission risk, CSGs maximize ability of systems to operate unhindered in cyber environments. The suggested framework's main components are the Threat and Risk models. These models are tailored to meet the special characteristics of online services as well as the cyberspace environment. A risk management procedure is included in the framework. Risk scores are computed by combining probabilities of successful attacks with findings of impact models that predict cyber catastrophe consequences. To assess successful attacks, models emulating defense against threats can be used in topologies. CSGs consider widespread interconnectivity of cyber systems which forces defending all multi-step attack paths. In contrast, attackers just need one of the paths to succeed. CSGs are game-theoretic methods for identifying defense measures and reducing risks for systems and probe for maximum cyber risks using game formulations (MiniMax). To detect the impacts, the attacker player creates an attack tree for each state of the game using a modified Extreme Gradient Boosting Decision Tree (that sees numerous compromises ahead). Based on the findings, the proposed model has a high level of security for the web sources used in the experiment.