• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.222-227
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• 2015

The environmental education with ideal teaching tools (e.g., a small-scaled experimental kit) is essential for raising the public's, especially student's, awareness of many environmental issues. This study was undertaken to develop a do-it-yourself model instrument of acid rain and estimating its applicability to the environmental education. Our novel model tool consists of a body (17 cm width, 6 cm depth, and 17 cm height), an acid gas injector, acid four rain reservoirs, and a drop supply pump. An alternative model instrument that can be more readily assembled was also suggested. Based on our novel approach, we carried out several model experiments with educatees (i.e., high school and college students, and adults). The results of questionnaires indicated that educatees achieved a very deep understanding of acid rain through an experienced model experiment. A 77 to 89% of educatees experienced the reappearance experiment of acid rain by our model instrument felt that it was very useful as a teaching tool of environmental education.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제12권8호
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• pp.805-809
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• 2006

To secure resources, submarine environment should be firstly explored. On that occasion, the withdrawal of the instrument is important and the submarine ultrasonic wave should be stably identified regardless submarine environment and passive factor. In the existing control methods, the control informations, received from an observation instrument, are identified used by hardware and repeatedly compared with standard information. Hereupon, a marine observation instrument remote control system using the combination of FSK and ASK that was improved its controllability and movability was presented in this paper. Likewise, the logicality of communication algorithm were ascertained by experiments.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제11권10호
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• pp.1055-1060
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• 2002

A new method of automatic recording raingauge is developed to measure rainfall 1200mm full scale with high accuracy and resolution. The principle of new instrument is to detect a weight change of a buoyant weight according to a change in water level of raingauge measured by the use of a strain gauge load cell. This method has the advantage of increasing measurement accuracy, since no moving equipment is used. Laboratory test of the instrument was recorded 0.4% error of 190mm rainfall amount. The validity of new instrument was examined by comparing its measured values with values recorded by automatic weather station on June 24 to 25 2001 at Daegu Meteorological Station, when there is 148.3mm rainfall amount. In spite of much rainfall there is only 0.77mm difference of total rainfall amount. This instrument was accomplished high accuracy and resolution at field test in much rainy day.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.289-294
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• 1994

A new type of electrogoniometer to measure the three dimensional motion of the human knee joint was developed. This instrument is composed of six potentiometers: four arranged for two universal joints, one for pin joint, and one for axial rotation measurement. The voltage change in six potentiometers were collected through A/D converter for acquisition, storage and analysis. With a developed instrument, gait analysis was performed. Compared to earlier developed triaxial type goniometer, new instrument shows its convenience in application and accuracy in measurement.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈D:수학교육연구
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.23-45
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• 2020

Many researches proposed different models and concepts for the PCK. It is important to understand its composition. Most studies investigated the development of PCK and its influence on students' learning from the teachers' perspectives. We developed an instrument for assessing middle school students' perceptions of mathematics teachers' PCK (SPOMTPCK) to investigate the nature of PCK. Theoretical claims and empirical research in PCK were used to design questions and sub-scales for the SPOMTPCK. The face validity of the instrument was established by the expert mathematics teachers and students. A questionnaire consisting of 38 items on a five-point Likert-type scale was used for data collection from 799 middle school students. The exploratory factor analyses resulted in the development of a three-factor scale of 17 items that was proved valid and reliable, that is, pedagogical representation, understanding students and curriculum, and encouraging students' engagement. The Cronbach α coefficients of the scale was 0.935, and the Cronbach α coefficient of three factors were ranged from 0.721 to 0.912. The confirmatory factor analysis showed that the questionnaire has good construct validity and the fit indexes are good. MANOVA analysis of variance revealed that the differences in mathematics teachers' PCK identified by students of different school types and grades were statistically significant. It is a validate measurement to evaluate the perceived mathematics teachers' PCK for middle school students.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.51-62
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• 2012

본 논문에서는 초등학교 저학년 학생들이 쉽고 효율적으로 건반악기 연주 방법을 학습할 수 있도록 개발한 악기 자율학습기를 설명한다. 개발한 악기 자율학습기는 PC기반의 학습 소프트웨어와 외장 전자건반악기 모듈로 구성된다. 우리는 USB 인터페이스를 적용한 전자건반악기와 PC용 S/W를 연동하여 악기 연주에 필요한 정보를 PC 화면에 제공하는 기능과 타자연습과 유사한 형식의 게임을 통해 학습내용을 재미있게 복습하는 기능을 구현하였다. 개발한 외장 전자건반모듈은 USB 인터페이스를 통하여 PC로부터 선택적으로 악기연주 안내정보를 수신하여 LED 및 7-세그먼트에 표시해줌으로써 초보자들이 쉽게 악보 내 음계와 건반의 상관관계를 숙지할 수 있도록 하였다. 또한 사용자가 건반을 잘못 눌렀을 때 이를 감지하여 LED와 PC 화면에 안내정보를 출력하도록 구현하였다. 구현된 악기 자율학습기를 이용한 악보 연주 실험을 통하여 학습효율이 향상됨을 확인하였다.

• 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.1-34
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• 2006

The purpose of this study Is to develop empirically validated instrument for business model. The previous researches related to business model were almost taxonomies. And the focus of those researches were the classification by the degree of integration and innovation the origin, and the main source of revenue etc. In the emerging fields such as IT, e-commerce, and e-business, it tends to overlook methodological issue in its substantive relationships and also measurement. Business model is taken an interest in recent years. However, as the non-establishment of construct on business model has made no empirical study, this, study tries to develop an empirical validated instrument that identifies the dimensions of business model by uncovering meaningful group or categories. For this, the outlined domain of business model are defined as an organizational level that competes in the industry through the literature reviews. And the traits such as process integration, value chain reconstruction, strategic alliance with another business model, specialty in a certain wet sustainability of essential capabilities, differentiation, convertibility, customer orientation, revenue stream, newness, innovation leadership: and vision sharing are identified in those respective domains, and then the traits are classified into five dimensions such as interlinkageableness, valueness, functionalness, preemptiveness, and goalness by their characteristics. Generating items are continued on the basis of operationalization. Confirmatory factor analysis is performed in order to develop validated instrument with LISREL measurement model. Finally the instrument is developed through the previous procedure. The implication of this study is the first empirical effort to assess business model. The resulting instrument can be used with dependent variables in the future study related to business model. And the establishment of construct of business model is able to make a basis to rise an additional issue consequently. In the practical side, the instrument also can be employed as an assessment framework that can assess whether the expected value success or not. The instrument with the measurement can be used on competitor's business model, In. When an investment into a i-m with a specific business model, these instrument developed can be presented as the basic framework of assessment.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.85-97
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was conducted to develop an organizational instrument on socialization for new graduate nurses in the workplace, and to test its reliability and validity. Method: A methodological design was used to develop the instrument. Data were collected from new clinical nurses in 188 hospitals nationwide in Korea. In the first stage, 159 items were developed through a literature review. In the second stage, seven experts conducted a content validity test and the number of items was reduced to 155. In the third stage, factor analysis was performed to analyze the data collected from 198 nurses in 8 hospitals using the modified instrument. A total of 65 items were included and a five-point Likert scale was used. In the fourth stage, the final evaluation instrument was finalized as comprising 11 factors in 7 domains, using 39 items developed from analysis of the data collected from 1,410 nurses using the 40 items. It was comprised of 11 factors in 7 domains. The SPSS 11.0 windows program was used. Results: Accumulated variation for the 11 factor-39 items nurse organizational instrument on socialization was 67.22%. The results of the reliability test indicated that Cronbach's coefficient for the total 39 items was over 0.97. Conclusion: The instrument developed in this study has a high degree of reliability and validity.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.82-89
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was conducted in order to develop an instrument for the Korean Osteoarthritis Impact Measurement scale (KAIMS) in hip and knee osteoarthritis patients. Methods: A sample of 426 subjects was recruited in Ulsan metropolitan city (six hospitals and clinics) and Andong city (five hospitals and clinics) from June 2010 to May 2011. Item internal consistency and item discriminant validity were analyzed on the item-level, and floor (%) and ceiling (%) effect were analyzed on the scale-level. Exploratory factor analysis was performed for construction of items in the KAIMS instrument; confirmative factor analysis was also performed to test the fit of the model. Results: In 426 respondents, age was 64.3 years. The reliability for r coefficient 0.90 (mobility) and 0.89 (pain and stiffness) (Cronbach's alpha 0.95, 0.95 respectively) was high in the test-retest, and there was no significant difference in paired t-test (p>0.05). Item internal consistency (${\alpha}=0.92$, ${\alpha}=0.87$ respectively) was also high. It was constructed of two factors (mobility, pain and stiffness dimension) and nine items in explanatory factor analysis; results of confirmatory factor analysis also indicated that the dimensional structure model was fitted well in the test of model fit (${\chi}^2=83.83$, df=26, p=0.000; RMR=0.05; GFI=0.96; AGFI=0.83). Conclusion: In conclusion, the results of this study showed that the KAIMS that was developed was a reliable and valid instrument for measurement of osteoarthritis (OA) patients. We recommend further research for additional development of the instrument on OA in Korea.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제48권12호
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• pp.893-918
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• 2010

This article is purposed of reviewing the development history of Japanese dental devices and instrument, and their related advertisement activities during the Japanese colonized period in Korea in early 20th century. Japanese dental devices and instrument were redesigned to accommodate their ergonomic shape above the simple imitation, and it implies the excessive desires brought them frustrations. The tragic earthquake on Sep. l, 1923, medical insurance law enforcement on Jan. 1, 1927, celebration of "Cavity prevention Day" started on Jun. 4, 1928, and the attack of Manchuria and China by Japan after 1931, all of these historical incidents become the preliminary requirement for the development of dental devices. On Nov. 1, 1937, Japanese government started to control dental materials, driving the campaigns for excluding foreign products and encourging the use of local products. In 1939, Nakajima dental manufacturers used this political and social atmosphere on their advertisement as saying "Our Nakajima's products have no compromise with the short raw materials, but only commitment to our quality". Since after 1940, the price and supply have been strongly under control, and the control group was appeared to manage all of supply and distribution of raw materials, regular price system, and specifications. At last, the Japanese national power were devastated in its production and distribution capacities, and get to the frustrated period. The main advertised dental devices and instruments in Korea during the Japanese colonized period were 1) dental chair, unit and cabinet, 2) dental x-ray, 3) compressors, 4) dental needles, 5) small instrument and carryon medical(emergency) kit, 6) oral hygiene and pyorrhea alveolaris, infrared rays, sunlight lamp, ultrashort wave treatment devices, 7)crown former, electric furnace, casting machine, articulator, electric lathe, and laboratory equipments, etc.