• 한국재료학회지
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.522-528
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• 1997

RF-magnetron Sputtering Process를 이용하여 Pt/Ti/Si(100)기판위에 lanthanum-modified lead titanate 박막을 제작하였다. 기판온도와 증착시간이 증가함에 따라 증착율은 감소하였다. 기판온도가 증가함에 따라 fine grain들은 large grain으로 변화하였다. Perovskite구조는 기판온도 54$0^{\circ}C$, gas pressure 30mtorr에서 나타나기 시작하였다. 본 실험에서 perovskite 박막제작에 대한 조건은 기판온도 58$0^{\circ}C$, gas pressure 30mtorr였다. Pt/Ti/Si(100) 우선 배향된 박막을 얻었다. La양이 증가함에 따라 유전율, 항전계, 잔류분극량은 증가하였다. 중심주파수가 44.7MHz, 전파속도는 2680m/sec를 가지는 SAW filter 특성을 얻었다.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제52권
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• pp.3.1-3.8
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• 2022

Our purpose in this study is to analyze the microstructural characteristics and constituent elements of inorganic substances added to the yellow ink and red ink pigments used in permanent makeup. We observed the microstructural properties of inorganic pigments added to the ink using a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and analyzed the constituent elements of the inorganic pigment particles using an energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). In red wine-colored ink, cubic titanium dioxide with a diameter of 110 to 200 nm was the major component, and rod-shaped iron oxide was rarely observed. Most of the ingredients of taupe yellow ink were rod-shaped yellow iron oxide, and a small amount of cubic titanium dioxide was observed. Red wine-colored ink and taupe yellow ink contained lumps composed of titanium dioxide particles. In red wine-colored ink, lumps were formed by agglomeration. However, we observed that the surface of the lump composed of titanium dioxide in the taupe yellow ink had a smooth surface caused by external physical compression. The titanium dioxide particle mass which found in taupe yellow ink in this study is an artificial product. When this mass accumulates in the dermis, it may cause a color mismatch. Therefore, permanent makeup using fine pigments should be free of foreign substances that may cause trouble in the skin. In addition, there is a need to improve the quality of the ink so that the required color can be safe and long lasting in the dermis.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.823-829
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• 2011

This study was performed to obtain the good processing in the Rehmanniae Radix Preparata. In this study, we investigated the comparative analysis for steamed and hot-air dried Rehmanniae Radix Preparata. The results were obtained as follows : Through loss on drying analysis with each additional processing of Rehmanniae Radix preparata, there was gradual increase. Through ash analysis with each additional processing of Rehmanniae Radix preparata, there was slight increase. Rehmanniae Radix preparata had several inorganic components such as K, P, Mg, Ca, Cl, Al. P and Mg were increased gradually with each additional processing of Rehmanniae Radix Preparata. But Ca was decreased with each additional processing. We identitied 24 kinds of volatile components from extracts of various processed Rehmanniae Radix Preparata through componential analysis using GC/MS. From GC/MS analysis, we found out the content of 5-HMF Rehmanniae Radix Preparata steamed over 7 times was suitable. 5-HMF's content of 9 times steamed Rehmanniae Radix Preparata gained from GC/MS analysis is 70-fold higher than gained from HPLC. The more it is repeating steamed and hot-air dried, the more toxic volatile compound of Rehmanniae Radix Preparata is removed. Taken together, these results suggested that Rehmanniae Radix Preparata had component (especially 5-HMF) changes according to different processed steaming and hot-air drying.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.75-89
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to identify $PM_{2.5}$ sources and to estimate their contributions to the border of Yongin-Suwon area, based on the analysis of the $PM_{2.5}$ mass concentration and the associated inorganic elements, ions and carbon components. The contribution of $PM_{2.5}$ sources were estimated by using a positive matrix factorization (PMF) model to identify air emission sources. For this study, $PM_{2.5}$ samples were collected from May, 2007 to April, 2008. The inorganic elements were analyzed by an ICP-AES. The ionic components in $PM_{2.5}$ were analyzed by an Ie. The carbon components were also analyzed by DRI/OGC analyzer. After performing PMF modeling, a total of 12 sources were identified and their contributions were quantitatively estimated. The contributions from each emission source were as follows: 11.3% from oil combustion source, 3.4% from bus/highway source, 5.8% from diesel vehicle source, 4.7% from gasoline vehicle source, 8.8% from biomass burning source, 15.1 % from secondary sulfate, 5.2% from secondary nitrate source, 13.4% from industrial related source, 4.1% from Cl-rich source, 19.6% from soil related source, 1.0% from aged sea salt, and 7.4% from coal combustion source, respectively. This study provides basic information on the major sources affecting air quality, and then it will help to effectively control $PM_{2.5}$ in this study area.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.808-810
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• 2000

참다래 수액을 이용 음료수을 제조하기 위해 수액내 화학성분을 조사하였다. 참다래 수액에서 수분 함량, 당도, pH, 산 함량, 탁도 및 점성은 각각 99.6%, 0.90%, 6.50, 0.15%, 0.60, 1.01로 나타났다. 수액내 유리당은 fructose, glucose, sucrose, galactose, manitol가 함유되어 있었는데 당의 대부분은 fructose였다. 수액내 주요 무기물은 칼슘, 칼륨 및 마그네슘으로 칼슘 함량이 상대적으로 가장 높았다. 수액에는 10종의 아미노산이 함유되어 있었는데 이들 중 주요 아미노산은 glutamic acid, lysine 및 isoleucine이었는데 이중 glutamic acid함량이 가장 높았다. 수액을 이용 제조한 다래수액 음료수(252mL)내 영양소 함량에서 당은 21.2g, 칼슘 23.1mg, 칼륨 14.1mg, 아미노산 554.5mg, 비타민 C 15.0mg/252mL이었다.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.381-393
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• 2017

The inorganic components in tobacco sheet extract have significant influence on the sensory taste of the cigars and the harmful component delivery in cigarette smoke. To identify the contributions of the divalent inorganic components on harmful components delivery in cigarette smoke, a self-made selective electrodialysis was assembled with monovalent ion-selective ion exchange membranes. The influences of current density and extract content on the desalination performance were investigated. Result indicates that the majorities chloride, nitrate, and sulfate ions were removed, comparing with 50-60% of potassium and only less than 10% of magnesium and calcium ions removed in the investigated current density. The permselectivity of the tested cations across the Selemion CSO cation exchange membranes follows the order: $K^+>Ca^{2+}>Mg^{2+}$. A current density of $15mA/cm^2$ is an optional choice by considering both the energy consumption and separation efficiency. When the extract contents are in the range of 7%-20%, the removal ratios the potassium ions are kept around 60%, while the removal ratios of the calcium and magnesium ions fluctuate in the range of 16-27% and 8-14%, respectively. The tobacco smoke experiments indicated that the divalent metal ions have dual roles for the harmful component delivery in cigarette smoke. The divalent potassium and calcium ions were unfavorable for the total particulate matter emission but beneficial to decrease the HCN delivery in the mainstream cigarette smoke. The selective electrodialysis is a robust technology to decrease the harmful component delivery in cigarette smoke.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.651-656
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• 1999

In current animal production in Japan, a large surplus of nitrogen and phosphorus is given to animals as their feed which are mostly imported from outside of our own country. Today, an excess of nitrogen and phosphorus from animal manure has been spread out of the area of animal production and the surroundings. These components have become the major reason for eutrophication of ground, surface and inland water. Nutritional studies for the reduction of nitrogen and phosphorus from animal waste has been done by many researchers. The reduction of excess protein in animal feed and the supplementation of deficient essential amino acids to feed have a possibility to increase the biological value of feed and to reduce nitrogen excretion, especially, via urine. The use of phytase activity to degrade phytate and to release utilizable inorganic phosphorus make it possible to cut an excess supply of feed additive inorganic phosphorus and to reduce phosphorus excretion from animal waste.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2001년도 추계학술발표대회
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• pp.386-389
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• 2001

본 연구는 P. japonira의 액체배양을 통해 HPLC를 이용하여 유용물질인 cordycepin의 농도를 분석하였다. 배지성분중 무기질소원, 아미노산, 무기염류 및 금속이온의 영향을 검토하였다. 그 결과 균사체의 경우에서는 cordycepin의 농도가 매우 낮음을 알 수 있었고, 배양여액의 경우에서는 $(NH_4)_2HPO_4$. histidine. $CaCO_3$ 등을 첨가했을 때 control에 비해 높은 농도의 cordycepin의 생성을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2001년도 추계학술발표대회
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• pp.363-366
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• 2001

본 연구는 Lentinus edodes의 액체배양을 통하여 물리 ${\cdot}$ 화학적인 방법을 이용, 고농도의 탄수화물 복합효소를 얻어 hemicellulose와의 반응을 거쳐 고수율의 아라비 녹실란을 얻는데 그 목적이 있다. 온도 $24^{\circ}C$, pH 5.5. working volume 100mL, 접종비 5%. 200rpm이며 가장 적합한 C-source 로서는 glucose가 선택되었으며 N - source로서는 yeast extract가 선택되었다.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.491-496
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• 1998

The production of fibrinolytic enzyme from Bacillus subtilis BK-17 was studied in the shake flask cultures. The important medium components studied include nitrogen source, carbon source and inorganic salts. The environmental conditions include initial pH, temperature, shaking speed and working volume. Among various N-sources, C-sources and inorganic salts tested, soybean flour, D-glucose and Na2HPO4 gave the best results, and their optimal concentrations were 1.5%, 0.5% and 0.05%, respectively. The optimal pH and temperature were 9.0 and 37$^{\circ}C$. With decreasing working volume in the range of 25∼100ml in the 250ml flask or increasing shaking speed in the range of 100∼300rpm, the enzyme production was greatly enhanced. The enzyme activity under the optimal conditions was about 1400I.U./ml with urokinase as a standard.