• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.181-192
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• 2012

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) induce innate immune responses that are essential for host defense against invading microbial pathogens. In general, TLRs have two major downstream signaling pathways; myeloid differential factor 88 (MyD88) and Toll/IL-1R domain-containing adaptor inducing IFN-${\beta}$ (TRIF) leading to the activation of NF-${\kappa}B$ and IRF3. Numerous studies demonstrated that certain phytochemicals possessing anti-inflammatory effects inhibit NF-${\kappa}B$ activation induced by pro-inflammatory stimuli including lipopolysaccharide and tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ ($TNF{\alpha}$). However, the direct molecular targets for such anti-inflammatory phytochemicals are not fully identified. In this paper, we will discuss about the molecular targets of phytochemicals in TLRs signaling pathways. These results present a novel anti-inflammatory mechanism of phytochemicals in TLRs signaling.