• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.57-63
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• 2023

Purpose: The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review of randomized controlled studies from 2012 to present that explore the diagnostic accuracy of clinical tests used for diagnosing anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. Methods: Study design: Systematic review. Literature search of the PubMed and Scholar databases was conducted using keywords related to diagnostic accuracy of clinical tests for ACL injury. The PRISMA Guidelines were followed to conduct this study. The Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool was utilized to assess the quality of each included study. Results: As a result, 8 studies were included, and 6 clinical tests used in ACL tears were evaluated for diagnostic accuracy. The pivot shift test was reported as having the highest +LR (29.5) value with a sensitivity of 59% and a specificity of 98%. However, the test with the lowest -LR value was the lever test, and the values were as follows: -LR (0.08), +LR (4.7), specificity (80%), sensitivity (94%). Conclusion: In this study, it was concluded that a single clinical test is not sufficient to determine the presence of ACL injury. Test combinations have a higher diagnostic accuracy than a single test. In this study, the accuracy of the clinical tests was examined without considering the amount of ACL rupture and acute-chronic condition. Further research is required to examine the impact of these two factors on diagnostic accuracy of clinical test.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.29-39
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• 2022

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the incidence of delivery and puerperium complications in South Korea and analyze the correlations between the patient's characteristics and delivery and complications before and after 10 years. Methods: This study used the data from an Korean National Hospital Discharge In-depth Injury Survey. Cases of which the principal diagnosis and second diagnoses were disease classification ICD code O00-O99(Pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium) were defined as the study subjects, and the first study group was divided as the year of discharge from 2005 to 2007, and the second study group from 2015 to 2017. Results: The number of patients discharged whose principal diagnosis or second diagnoses was O00-O99 was 21,598(Weighted 423,306) from 2005 to 2007 and 19,028(Weighted 364,384) from 2015 to 2017, which decreased by 13.9% compared to 10 years ago. The average age of discharged patients increased by about 2 years and was statistically significant (p<.0001). Factors associating spontaneous delivery, caesarean section and puerperium complication were hospitalization route, bed size, maternal age, length of hospital stay, and the year of discharge. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, health and education policies and economic support for medical care for high-risk pregnancy and delivery management would be necessary continuously. In addition, policies to strengthen the medical system for high-risk pregnancy management in non-metropolitan areas with high fertility rates would also be needed.

• Hip & pelvis
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.47-54
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• 2024

Purpose: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a major complication for hip fracture patients, and may exist preoperatively. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of VTE after immediate screening in hip fracture patients. Materials and Methods: Hip fracture patients with an elevated level of D-dimer underwent screening for VTE using computed tomography (CT) angiography. Anticoagulation treatments were administered preoperatively to patients diagnosed with VTE, followed by administration of additional anticoagulation postoperatively. Medical records were reviewed to identify risk factors for preoperative VTE and determine the prognosis of the patients. Results: Among 524 hip fracture patients, 66 patients (12.6%) were diagnosed with VTE, including 42 patients with deep vein thrombosis (DVT), 17 patients with pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE), and 7 patients with both DVT and PTE. Of the patients with VTE, 68.2% were diagnosed within 24 hours of injury, and 33.3% of these patients had PTE. VTE patients showed a tendency toward being overweight (P<0.01) and not on anticoagulant medication (P=0.02) compared to patients without VTE. The risk of VTE was higher for femur shaft fractures (odds ratio [OR] 4.83, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.18-10.69) and overweight patients (OR 2.12, 95% CI 1.17-3.85), and lower for patients who were previously on anticoagulants (OR 0.36, 95% CI 0.18-0.74). Patients with preoperatively diagnosed VTE were asymptomatic before and after surgery. Conclusion: Clinicians should be aware that VTE may be present within 24 hours of injury, and screening for VTE or prophylactic measures should be considered for high-risk patients.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.55 no.6
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• pp.435-441
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• 2022

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the treatment modality on post-procedural acute kidney injury (AKI) and other clinical outcomes in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease who underwent surgical or transcatheter aortic valve replacement (AVR). Methods: A total of 147 patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (stage 3 to 5) who underwent isolated surgical AVR (SAVR group; n=70) or transcatheter AVR (TAVR group; n=77) were retrospectively studied. Postprocedural AKI was defined according to the RIFLE definition (an acronym corresponding to the risk of renal dysfunction, injury to the kidney, failure of kidney function, loss of kidney function, and end-stage kidney disease). Factors associated with postoperative complications and mortality were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression models and Cox proportional hazard models. Results: Postprocedural AKI occurred in 17 (24.3%) and 6 (7.8%) patients in the SAVR and TAVR groups, respectively (p=0.006). Multivariable analyses demonstrated that the SAVR group had higher risks of AKI (odds ratio [OR], 5.63; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.85-17.73; p=0.002) and atrial fibrillation (OR, 16.65; 95% CI, 4.44-62.50; p<0.001), whereas the TAVR group had a higher risk of permanent pacemaker insertion (OR, 5.67; 95% CI, 1.21-26.55; p=0.028). The Cox proportional hazard models showed that the occurrence of AKI, contrary to the treatment modality, was associated with overall survival. Conclusion: In patients with chronic kidney disease, the risk of postprocedural AKI might be higher after SAVR than after TAVR.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.214-227
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• 2019

Purpose: This study examined the socio-demographic factors, the disaster related factors, the physical health related factors and the psychological factors of older adults exposed to natural disaster and these factors may possibly cause the occurrence of PTSD. Methods: A cross-sectional study was designed using the secondary data from the 3rd Disaster Victims Panel Survey (2012-2017). The data from 1,397 disaster victims were analyzed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis. Results: Compared with the younger adult disaster victims, the elderly were more likely to have symptoms of PTSD (15.0% vs. 12.1%). Factors such as the number of years since being exposed to the disaster, anxiety, depression and social adjustment were significantly associated with occurrence of PTSD for both older and younger adults. Female gender was the additional risk factors for the older adults, while marital status, income, having witnessed another person's injury or death, and having lost a home were associated with the occurrence of PTSD. Conclusion: The elderly were more likely to develop PTSD as compared with younger adults. More targeted post-disaster mental health services to the elderly with the symptoms of depressive, anxiety and impaired social adjustments, should be provided to improve their mental health.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.235-246
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• 2020

Purpose: In Korea, the proportion of female workers among occupational injury is steadily increasing. The purpose of this study was to identify the workplace risk factors that threaten the safety and health of the female workers. Methods: Qualitative study was conducted, using focus group interview. Data were collected from five focus groups of eighteen female workers who were working in the manufacturing, health service, and educational service industries. Results: The seven themes of occupational safety and health risks of women workers are as follows: 1) Workplace with various risks; 2) Sliding, falling, burning, and cutting accidents; 3) Chronically lasting musculoskeletal symptoms; 4) Chemicals that may be harmful to workers; 5) Unprotected infectious disease; 6) Psychological safety accidents(Relationship conflict and emotional labor); 7) Loud, hot, stuffy, scary, and tired. Conclusion: The Occupational Safety & Health (OSH) Act should be rearranged gender sensitively and women's participation in the OSH decision-making process should be guaranteed. OSH education should be properly implemented in the field, and support should be provided for women workers in small businesses. A supportive organizational culture for marriage, pregnancy and childbirth should be established, and the working environment should be provided safely, taking into account gender differences.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.29-34
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• 2019

Objective : To determine predictors of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in burn injured patients and evaluate factors for identifying high risk group of PTSD. Methods : This study examined sixty one patients aged in the range of 19-65 years with burn injuries. All subjects completed self-assessment inventories about PTSD (The PTSD Check List for DSM-5. PCL-5), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9, PHQ-9), embitterment (Posttraumatic embitterment disorder self-rating scale, PTED scale) and meaning of life (Meaning in Life Questionnaire, MLQ). Stepwise multiple regression and ROC curve analysis were the tools used for analysis. Results : The results revealed higher depression, embitterment and lower presence of meaning in life predicted severe PTSD symptoms. ROC analysis indicated PTED scale and PHQ-9 were useful for discriminating high risk group of PTSD. Conclusion : The present study established that the need to consider embitterment, depression and meaning of life for alleviation and prevention of PTSD symptoms in burn patients.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.17-25
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• 2019

Purpose: We investigated how prehospital, emergency room (ER), and delta shock indices (SI) correlate with outcomes including mortality in patients with polytrauma. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 1,275 patients who visited the emergency department from January 2015 to April 2018. A total of 628 patients were enrolled in the study. Patients were divided into survivor and non-survivor groups, and logistic regression analysis was used to investigate independent risk factors for death. Pearson coefficient analysis and chi-square test were used to examine the significant relationship between SI and clinical progression markers. Results: Of 628 enrolled patients, 608 survived and 27 died. Multivariate logistic regression analysis reveals "age" (p<0.001; OR, 1.068), "pre-hospital SI >0.9" (p<0.001; OR, 11.629), and "delta SI ${\geq}0.3$" (p<0.001; OR, 12.869) as independent risk factors for mortality. Prehospital and ER SIs showed a significant correlation with hospital and intensive care unit length of stay and transfusion amount. Higher prehospital and ER SIs (>0.9) were associated with poor clinical progression. Conclusions: SI and delta SI are significant predictors of mortality in patients with polytrauma. Moreover, both prehospital and ER SIs can be used as predictive markers of clinical progression in these patients.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.139-147
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• 2020

Purpose: The study aimed to identify factors affecting unintentional injuries at school focusing on violent experiences in adolescents. Methods: The study used the raw data of the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (2019). A total of 60,040 students were included in the analysis. Descriptive statistics, χ2 test, and multiple logistic regression were performed, using SPSS version 25.0. General characteristics, gender, school, academic achievement, living with family, socioeconomic status, vigorous physical activity, perceived stress, sleep satisfaction, high caffeine drinking, risky alcohol drinking, smoking, sexual experience, drug use, and safety education, were adjusted for and the relationship between unintentional injuries and violence was analyzed. Results: The results showed 2.4% of the adolescents had experienced violence and 24.7% had suffered unintentional injuries. Violent experiences had a significant effect on unintentional injuries among adolescents. Injuries were 1.93 times higher among adolescents who had experienced violence. Gender, school levels, high-intensity physical activity, stress, sleep satisfaction, high caffeine drinks, dangerous drinking, drug use, and safety education were associated with unintentional injuries among adolescents. Conclusion: Adolescents at high risk of suffering violence and injuries should be identified and assessed preemptively. In addition, it is necessary to implement systematic school health-centered safety education programs in order to prevent violence and injuries.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.131-153
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to identify the accidents happened in the college dental laboratory technique classes and to realize the level of safety education for the dental laboratory technique major students. The research data were collected from a self-administered survey distributed to the conveniently selected college students whose majors were dental laboratory technology in Suwon, Daejeon, Daegu, Kimcheon, and Icsan. The study participants were 422 freshmen, sophomore and junior students in the selected cities. All collected survey responses were encoded and analyzed in SPSS 12.0. The findings were as follows. 1. The students who had any accidents in their laboratory classes were 36% and the other 64% answered 'no.' 2. Most injuries which the participants had were not significant. 3. The medical treatment periods of most injury cases were less than one week; however, approximately 20% of the self-reported injury cases reported that their treatment periods were longer than one week. 4. The body parts frequently injured from accidents were hands with 84.7% and arms, eyes, face, head, and legs in order. 5. Concerning the materials involved in the laboratory classes, most accidents happened when working with wax in 59.9%, with plaster in 52.3%, with wire in 39.8%, with alcohol in 34.6%, and casting iron in 22.2% in order. 6. The accident-prone laboratory methods were polishing with 53.5%, pickling or sanding with 17.4%, and casting or burning with 5.8% in order. 7. Most students wore their laboratory gowns well; however, few students wore mask before dust-involved jobs. Furthermore, only 57.1% students answered their laboratory fans worked during the polishing job. 8. Approximately 54% participant students answered that they took laboratory safety education when necessary only from the class instructors. 9. The 76.1% students responded that they needed laboratory safety education at least 1-2 times every semester. 10. The survey participants answered that the primary factors for injury prevention in their laboratory were taking safety education, wearing safety equipments, and providing safety-focused facilities. Concludingly, comprehensive evaluation and monitoring for potential risk factors from both the human side and the environment side should be continually provided to minimize the college laboratory accidents.