• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.62-72
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• 2015

This study investigates the in-situ implementation of bio-regenerated iron mineral catalyst to remove explosive compounds in ground water at a military shooting range in operation. A bio-regenerated iron mineral catalyst was synthesized using lepidocrocite (iron-bearing soil mineral), iron-reducing bacteria Shewanella putrefaciens CN32, and electron mediator (riboflavin) in the culture medium. This catalyst was then injected periodically in the ground to build a redox active zone acting like permeable reactive barrier through injection wells constructed at a live fire military shooting range. Ground water and core soils were sampled periodically for analysis of explosive compounds, mainly RDX and its metabolites, along with toxicity analysis and REDOX potential measurement. Results suggested that a redox active zone was formed in the subsurface in which contaminated ground water flows through. Concentration of RDX as well as toxicity (% inhibition) of ground water decreased in the downstream compared to those in the upstream while concentration of RDX reduction products increased in the downstream.

• 동국한의학연구소논문집
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• 제5권
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• pp.197-207
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• 1996

As a mood-altering drug, long-term alcohol consumption have significant harmful effects on the human body and people's mental functioning. This study observed that the suppression of cell mediated immunity induced in spleen of ICR mouse by long-term alcohol administration. After 8% alcohol voluntary administered for 120 days, the splenic tissue irnmunohistochemically stained by following ABC method that used monoclonal antibody including L3T4(CD4), Ly-2(CD8), IL-2 receptor(CD25R) and NK-1.1(CD56) after embedding with paraffin. The results were as follows. 1. The size of marginal zone in splenic white pulp was diminished and the number of macrophage in marginal zone was decreased in test group than control group. 2. After alcohol administration, the number of Helper T lymphocyte, cytotoxic T lymphocyte, and IL-2 receptor were decreased in periarterial lymphatic sheaths of white pulp and penicilla artery of red pulp and the degree of CD4, CD8, and CD25R positive reaction were soften. 3. In test group, the number of NK cell were decreased. These results indicated that the secretion of lymphokine as IL-2 was inhibited by long-term alcohol administration and subsequently prevent to activate and proliferate splenic T lymphocytes and NK cells as cell mediated immunity component.

• Mycobiology
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.302-309
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• 2016

The role of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in honey as antifungal activity has received little attention and their mechanism of inhibitory of fungi is not fully understood. In this study, LAB were isolated from honey samples from Malaysia, Libya, Saudi Arabia, and Yemen. Twenty-five isolates were confirmed LAB by catalase test and Gram staining, and were screened for antifungal activity. Four LAB showed inhibitory activity against Candida spp. using the dual agar overlay method. And they were identified as Lactobacillus plantarum HS isolated from Al-Seder honey, Lactobacillus curvatus HH isolated from Al-Hanon honey, Pediococcus acidilactici HC isolated from Tualang honey and Pediococcus pentosaceus HM isolated from Al-Maray honey by the 16S rDNA sequence. The growth of Candida glabrata ATCC 2001 was strongly inhibited (>15.0 mm) and (10~15 mm) by the isolates of L. curvatus HH and P. pentosaceus HM, respectively. The antifungal activity of the crude supernatant (cell free supernatant, CFS) was evaluated using well diffusion method. The CFS showed high antifungal activity against Candida spp. especially The CFS of L. curvatus HH was significantly (p < 0.05) inhibited growth of C. glabrata ATCC 2001, C. parapsilosis ATCC 2201, and C. tropicalis ATCC 750 with inhibitory zone 22.0, 15.6, and 14.7 mm, respectively. While CFS of P. pentosaceus HM was significantly (p < 0.05) effective against C. krusei, C. glabrata, and C. albicans with inhibition zone 17.2, 16.0, and 13.3 mm, respectively. The results indicated that LAB isolated from honey produced compounds which can be used to inhibit the growth of the pathogenic Candida species.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.236-241
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• 2000

효모 Saccharomyces cerevisiae를 숙주 세포로 이용하여 활성형의 항균펩티드를 생산하기 위한 model system으로서 쉬파리 유래 defensin의 합성 유전자를 GAP promoter, mating factor $\alpha$1 (MF$\alpha$1)의 preprosequence 및 GAL7 transcription terminator의 조절하에 있는 재조합 plasmid pGMD18을 제작한 후 Saccharomyces cerevisiae에 형질전환하여 growth inhibtion zone assay를 통해 항균활성을 보유한 재조합 효모를 선별하였다. 재조합 효모의 성장 속도와 defensin의 분비능을 증가시키기 위하여 최적의 배지 조성과 배양조건을 결정하였다. 재조합 효모의 defensin 생산을 위한 최적 배양조건을 조사한 결과 0.4% yeast extract, 유기질소원 2% corn steep liquor, 탄소원 2.5% glucose, 0.05% $C_2CO_3$를 포함한 배지에서 초기 pH3 그리고 배양온도 $28^{\circ}C$의 경우가 세포성장과 defensin 의 항균활성이 가장 우수하였다. 이 조건으로 배양을 수행한 결과 YPD 배지에서 배양한 조건보다 약 2배의 세포 성장과 약 4배의 defenzin 생산을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.90-99
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• 2020

This study aimed to screen for plants with antimicrobial potential among the evergreen woody species of South Korea that are used for horticulture and landscaping and to provide basic information about plants with proven antimicrobial activity to underpin future research. The plant materials were extracted under various conditions, and the antimicrobial activities of the extracts were evaluated by agar diffusion assay. The screening tests demonstrated that the crude extracts of 43 species had inhibitory effects against S. aureus. The inhibitory activities of four species (Elaeocarpus sylvestris, Camellia japonica, Cleyera japonica, and Quercus salicina) were relatively higher than that of the synthetic antimicrobial agents methylparaben and phenoxyethanol. The highest inhibitory activity was observed with the leaf extracts (extracted with methanol for 30 minutes) of E. sylvestris, based on induction of the largest inhibition zone of 23.3 mm in size. In addition, solvent fractions of E. sylvestris were evaluated. The largest inhibitory zone of 23.1 mm was observed for the n-butanol fraction, which is likely to contain effective compounds that exhibit inhibitory activity against S. aureus. In contrast, n-hexane and residual aqueous fractions showed no antimicrobial activity. Overall, our findings confirm that evergreen woody plants native to South Korea have potential antimicrobial activity.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.137-149
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• 2019

Objective : This study is conducted in order to investigate the effect of Banggibongnyeongtang(BBT) on Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced depression. Method : LPS $5{\mu}g$ was injected to lateral ventricle. Experimental groups were administered BBT intraperitoneally. Depressive behavior was confirmed by weight change, sucrose preference, open field test(OFT), and forced swimming test(FST). The plasma concentration of $IL-1{\beta}$ and $TNF-{\alpha}$, Corticotropin-Releasing Factor(CRF), Adrenocorticotropin Hormone(ACTH) and Corticosterone(CORT) were measured by ELISA. Result : BBT did not change the body weight significantly than LPS group, but on sucrose preference, BBT increased significantly in LPS+BBT400 group compared to LPS group (P<0.05). In the OFT, BBT increased spending time in the central zone and decreased grooming number. LPS+BBT400 group increased central zone-spending time, and decreased grooming number than LPS group significantly (P<0.05). In the FST, LPS+BBT400 group decreased immobility time than LPS group significantly (P<0.05). BBT decreased $IL-1{\beta}$ concentration does-dependently, but only with significant decrease in LPS+BBT400 group than LPS group in plasma (P<0.05). But BBT did not decrease $TNF-{\alpha}$ concentration significantly in plasma. BBT decreased plasma CRF, ACTH, and CORT. And CRH and CORT of LPS+BBT400 group were shown significant decrease comparing with LPS group (P<0.05). Conclusion : It is postulated that the anti-depressant effect of BBT can be validated through inhibition of HPA axis abnormal activity by the anti-inflammatory effect.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.288-297
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• 2010

자이오머(Giomer)는 레진강화형글라스아이오노머에 견줄 만큼 불소방출량이 많다고 하나, 우식예방 효과에 관한 연구들이 많지 않아 임상적용에 대한 근거가 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구는 자이오머(BF 군)를 포함하여 레진강화형글라스아이오노머(FF 군), 콤포머(DA 군)와 대조군인 콤포짓(FZ 군)의 우식억제 효과와 주변 치질로의 불소침투 양상을 비교하기 위하여, 공초점레이저주사현미경과 전자탐침미세분석기를 이용하여 각 수복재의 우식예방 효과를 비교하였으며, 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 수복물 주위 이차 인공우식에서 법랑질 외측병변의 깊이는 FZ 군에서 가장 깊었으며, BF 군이 가장 작게 나타났다(p<0.05). 2. 수복물과 법랑질 계면에 나타난 탈회억제층의 두께를 관찰한 결과 FZ 군이 가장 작게 나타났으며, FF, DA, BF 간에는 유의성 있는 차이를 보이지 않았다(p<0.05). 3. 법랑질에 침투된 불소농도는 BF, FF, DA의 순으로 높게 나타났다. 4. 상아질에 침투된 불소농도는 DA, BF, FF의 순으로 높게 나타났으며, 이는 상아질-수복물의 접착 계면에 영향 받는 것으로 보인다.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.271-282
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• 2019

본 연구의 목적은 아카시아 잎의 생리활성을 평가하고 고분자 미셀과 세포투과 펩티드를 이용한 피부흡수 증진에 관한 것이다. 아카시아 잎을 열수 및 에탄올 추출한 후에, 항노화, 미백, 항균 등 다양한 생리활성을 측정하였다. 총 polyphenol 함량은 열수 추출에서 56.88 mg/g, 에탄올 추출에서 47.42 mg/g이고, DPPH radical 소거능은 농도 $1,000{\mu}g/mL$에서, 에탄올 추출물의 경우 44.24% 저해율을 나타냈고 이는 열수 추출물의 값(41.50%)보다 더 좋은 효능을 나타냈다. Elastase 저해능 실험결과에서 농도 의존성을 보였으며, 아카시아 잎 에탄올 추출물 $500{\mu}g/mL$에서 가장 높은 54.09% 저해능, 열수 추출물은 36.95% 저해능을 보였다. SOD 유사 활성능 결과에서 농도 의존적인 결과를 보였고, 모든 농도에서 아카시아 잎 에탄올 추출물이 열수 추출물의 값보다 높았다. $500{\mu}g/mL$에서 76.41%, 같은 농도에서 아카시아 잎 에탄올 추출에서 86.31%로 더욱 높은 활성을 나타냈다. Tyrosinase 저해능 실험에서는 아카시아 잎 에탄올 추출물 농도 20 mg/mL에서 56.47% 저해율, 아카시아 잎 열수 추출물은 23.05% 저해율이 나타났다. 항균실험 결과에서는 아카시아 열수 추출물은 항균효과를 나타내지 못했지만, 아카시아 에탄올 추출물은 P ropionbacterium acnes 균주에서 11.00 mm의 최대 clear zone을, Bacillus subtilis 균주에선 10.50 mm로 최대 clear zone을 제시하였다. 난용성 문제와 피부 흡수율을 증진시키기 위하여, 아카시아 에탄올 추출물과 1.0% 세포투과 펩티드(6개 알르기닌, R6)을 함유한 108.23, 126.47 nm로 약 1/10배 미세한 나노입자 크기를 갖는 PCL-PEG 고분자 미셀이 성공적으로 제조되었고, 우수한 경피흡수 증진 효과를 나타낼 수 있었다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.632-643
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was two-fold. First was to evaluate whether the molecular sieving model was appropriate for ionic dissociation experiment. Second was to compare the dissociation of calcium and hydroxyl ions from five types of calcium hydroxide pastes (Pure calcium hydroxide paste, DT temporary $dressing^{\circledR},{\;}Metapaste^{\circledR},{\;}Chidopex^{\circledR},{\;}Metapex^{\circledR}$) in three vehicles (aqueous, viscous and oily) and the antibacterial effect. Each calcium hydroxide pastes was placed into 0.65ml tube with cap and then 15% polyacrylamide gel was placed onto calcium hydroxide pastes. After the gel was hardened, the tubes were filled with tridistilled water (pH 7.14) and closed with cap. The tubes were stored in $37^{\circ}C$ 100% incubator The pH reading and the concentration of calcium ions were taken at 1, 4, 7. 10, and 14 days. The brain heart infusion agar plates with S. mutans and A. actinomycetemcomitans were used far antibacterial activity test. Middle of agar plate was filled with the calcium hydroxide pastes. The plates were incubated at $37^{\circ}C$ and observations were made to detect the zones of inhibition. These data were evaluated statistically by use of the analysis of variance and duncan test. The results were as follows. 1. In fresh mixing state, the pH of five types of calcium hydroxide pastes were measured between 12.5 and 12.8. 2. The pH was increased in all five types of calcium hydroxide pastes compared with control group. In 14 days, Pure calcium hydroxide paste (11.45) and DT temporary $dressing^{\circledR}$ (11.33) showed highest pH, followed by $Metapaste^{\circledR}$ (9.49), $Chidopex^{\circledR}$ (8.37) and $Metapex^{\circledR}$ (7.59) 3. Calcium was higher in all five types of calcium hydroxide pastes compared with control group. In 14 days, Pure calcium hydroxide paste (137.29 mg%) and DT temporary $dressing^{\circledR}$ (124.6 mg%) showed highest value, followed by $Metapaste^{\circledR}$ (116.74 mg%), $Chidopex^{\circledR}$ (111.84 mg%) and $Metapex^{\circledR}$ (60.22 mg%). 4. The zones of bacterial inhibition were seen around all five types of calcium hydroxide pastes. $Chidopex^{\circledR}{\;}and{\;}Metapex^{\circledR}$ groups which include iodoform were observed significantly larger zone of inhibition in A. actinomycetemcomitans compared with the other calcium hydroxide groups (p<0.05) However, $Metapex^{\circledR}$ showed the least antibacterial effect on S. mutans compared with other groups (p<0.05). The molecular sieving model was found to be acceptable in dissociation experiment of hydroxyl and calcium ions when compared with the previous tooth model study. But this model was not appropriate for the antibacterial test.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.460-465
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• 2005

Rue잎을 물과 에탄올로 추출하여 항균활성과 생리활성 효과를 탐색하였다. 그 결과 각 추출물의 총페놀 함량은 물 추출물에서 16.39 mg/g 알콜 추출물에서 17.07 mg/g로 나타났다. Helicobacter pylori에 대한 disc 방법에서 $200\;{\mu}g/mL$의 폴리페놀 첨가 시 물과 알콜 추출물은 각각 12 mm, 13 mm의 직경을 나타내어 항균활성이 있음을 알 수 있었으며, 2-fold dilution 방법으로 항균활성 검증 결과 물 추출물보다 알콜 추출물에서 더 높은 항균활성을 나타내었다. 물과 알콜 각 추출물의 ABTS radical decolorlization과 antioxidant protection factor(PF)를 살펴 본 결과 ABTS는 물 추출물이 약 $96\%$로 높은 저해율을 나타내었으며 PF는 알콜 추출물에서 1.2로 물 추출물 0.8보다 높게 나타났다. DPPH에 대한 전자공여능은 물 추출물이 89.38로 알콜 추출물 $86.90\%$보다 높게 나타났으며 활성 산소중 지방산화를 일으키는데 주요한 역할을 하는 hydroxyl radical에 대한 각 추출물의 영향은 알콜 추출물이 binding능력이 탁월하여 물 추출물에 비해 낮은 TBARS 값을 나타내었다. Angiotensin converting enzyme과 xanthine oxidase 저 해 활성은 알콜 추출물이 물 추출물보다 더 높게 나타났고, HPLC에 의한 페놀 분석 결과 rosemarinic acid의 함량이 알콜 추출물에서 가장 많았으며 다음으로 qurcetin 함량이 높게 나타났다.