• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제18권9호
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• pp.1599-1605
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• 2008

Biodistribution and lymphoscintigraphy of cyclosporine A (CyA) and technetium-99m ($^{99m}Tc$) were studied using ${^99m}Tc$-labeled dextran acetate (DxA) including CyA. DxA particles were prepared from dextran with acetic anhydride, and CyA was loaded into them. Lymphatic delivery of ${^99m}Tc$-labeled DxA particles containing CyA was evaluated after subcutaneous injection into the foot pad of rats and compared with those of ${^99m}Tc$-labeled human serum albumin (HSA). The labeling efficiency of CyA-loaded ${^99m}Tc$-DxA particles was about 95% at 30 min. The labeling efficiency maintained stably above 80% for 12 h. The percent injected dose (%ID) of CyA-loaded ${^99m}Tc$-DxA was similar to that of ${^99m}Tc$-HSA at the inguinal lymph node after 40 min. The CyA-loaded ${^99m}Tc$-DxA could be as well distributed as ${^99m}Tc$-HSA through the lymph node. The DxA particles could steadily distribute the CyA as well as the ${^99m}Tc$ radiolabeling through the lymph node.

• 대한미생물학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 1987

Hantaan virus(HV) 76-118 strain was inoculated into suckling ICR mice by intra-nasal route with an inoculum of $10LD_{50}$. Mortality was 65% at the 3rd week after inoculation, but declined to 35% at the 4th week. Infectivity was determined by the measuring immuno-fluorescent antibody in sera. The peak of infectivity was 80% at the 4'th week after inoculation. Viremia was reached peak level of $1.7{\times}10^4\;PFU/ml$ by day 10. Immunofluorescent antibody and neutralizing antibody appeared by 2 weeks and 15-17 days respectively, but achieved similar titer by 35 days. By using a monoclonal antibody to HV 76-118, viral antigens were initially detected in inguinal and axillary lymph node by 2 days. Viral antigens in bone marrow and lung were delayed much more than in those of lymph node. These were similar with those of intra-peritoneal and intra-muscular route. Immune complex against IgG, IgM and C3 appeared by 16 days, 14 days, and 18 days respectively. The pattern of immunofluorescence in the basement membrane of glomeruli was diffuse membranous. Spotted pattern was also observed in the tissue stained with anti-mouse C3 antibody. By 20 days, control tissue was also shown immune complex in the glomeruli.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.463-469
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• 2003

Eight nursery to grower pigs exhibiting weight loss and sudden death were diagnosed as postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) based on the results of gross findings, histopathology, immunohistochemistry, fluorescent antibody test, virus isolation, PCR, serology, and electron microscopy. Groosly, the pigs had a rough hair coats and were severely emaciated. And moot lymph nodes were pale and enlarged. Lungs were not fully collapsed and exhibited 10 to 40% pale red cranioventral consolidation. Histopathologically, typical lymphohistiocytic interstitial to bronchointerstitial pneumonia, chronic lymphadenitis, severe lymphoid depletion, and basophilic intracytoplasmic inclusions were noted in the most lymphoid tissues. Porcine circovirus panicles were observed in the inguinal lymph node of the pigs by electron microscopy. Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) antigens or viral DNAs were detected in the lesions of all pigs using immunohistochemistry or PCR. Two PCV2 were isolated from a homogenate of pooled lung and lymph node in 2 of the 5 pigs. Additionally, antigens of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and Hemophilus (H.) parasuis were also detected by immunofluorescent antibody test. Serologically, 55% of randomly selected sows and fattening pigs was serum antibody positive to PCV2 by an indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) test and approximately 18 % of animals in the herd were serologically pooitive by the ELISA kit for PRRSV. To our knowledge, this is the first report of PMWS co-infected with PCV-2, PRRS, and H. parasuis in Korea.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.478-481
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• 2003

Canine juvenile cellulitis (CJC) is a well-recognized lymphocutaneous disease that is seen in young dogs. CJC seemed to be immunologic disorder and may have a hereditary aspect. Exact pathogenesis and cytokine regulation on the immune system of CJC are not clear. CJC was diagnosed in two puppies hospitalized in Veterinary Teaching Hospital of Chungbuk National University. To investigate the cytokine regulation on CJC, RT-PCR was performed with CJC affected dogs. RT-PCR 1 was performed with whole blood sample (CJC-B) and fine needle aspirates of the inguinal lymph node (CJC-LN) from case 1-dog, which included $TNF-\alpha,$ $IL-1\beta,$ $IFN-\gamma,$ IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12 and $\beta-actin.$ Blood sample from a normal dog (N-B) served for a negative control of RT-PCR 1 (case 1). $IFN-\gamma,$ IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-8, IL-10 and IL-12 transcripts were not expressed in all sample. $TNF-\alpha$ and $IL-1\beta,$ were not transcripted from CJC-B but from CJC-LN. On RT-PCR 2 (case 2), submandibular lymph node aspirates were used and $TNF-\alpha,$ IL-10, $IFN-\gamma$ and $IL-1\beta$ were expressed. $TNF-\alpha,$ 1L-10 and $IFN-\gamma$ were secreted from activated macrophages enhance the inflammation in tissue. These results imply that abnormally increased macrophages secret $TNF-\alpha$ and $IL-1\beta$ in the affected lymph nodes, which attract neutrophils and cause inflammation in CJC.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권11호
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• pp.5505-5510
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• 2012

Objective: The aim of this retrospective study is to analyze the clinical and pathological factors related to the prognosis of Chinese patients with stage Ib to IIb cervical cancer. Methods and Results: 13 clinical pathological factors in 255 patients with stage Ib to IIb cervical cancer undergoing radical hysterectomy and systematic lymphadenectomy were analyzed to screen for factors related to prognosis. The cumulative 5-year survival of the 255 patients was 75.7%. The result of the univariate analysis suggested that clinical stage, cell differentiation, depth of cervical stromal invasion, parametrial tissue involvement, and lymph node metastasis were prognostic factors for patients with stage Ib to IIb cervical cancer (P<0.05). Compared with cases with involvement of iliac nodes, obturator nodes, or inguinal lymph nodes, cases with metastasis to the common iliac lymph nodes had a poorer prognosis (P<0.05). Cases with involvement of four or more lymph nodes had a poorer prognosis than those with involvement of three or fewer lymph nodes (P<0.05). Using multivariate Cox proportional hazards model regression analysis, non-squamous histological type, poor differentiation, parametrial tissue involvement, and outer 1/3 stromal invasion were found to be independently related to patients poor prognosis (P<0.05). Conclusion: Non-squamous histological type, poor cell differentiation, parametrial tissue involvement, and outer 1/3 stromal invasion are the independent poor prognostic factors for patients with stage Ib to IIb cervical cancer.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.257-279
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• 2000

Allergic contact dermatitis is a common skin disease resulting from specific immunologic to topically applied various allergen. After Dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) secondary sensitization, the ICR mice administered Rhemanniae radix extract (RRE) was observed to ascerstain the effect of RRE on allergic contact dermatitis. Purpose of this study was to investigate contact hypersensitivity assay, abdominal skin morphologic changes. Including mast cells and cell-surface glycoconjugates. The change of interleukin 2 (IL-2) receptor (CD25R). ICAM in abdominal skin, lymph node of inguinal region, and electro microscope-morphologic changes of abdominal skin. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The contact hypersensitivity assay, the ear swelling in the RRE had lesser probability than in the ACD Group. 2. In the general morphologic change of skin, hyperplasia of keratinocytes, distribution of vasculogenesis and epidermal lymphocytes infiltration were decreased in the RRE group compared with the ACD group. In epidermal basal layer and prickle layer, cell damage was decreased in the RRE group compared with the group painted with ACD. 3. MasT-cell in dermis was decreased in the RRE group compared with the group painted with DNCB. 4. Distribution of interlukin-2 Receptior positive cell and ICAM positive cell in dermis was decreased in the RRE Group compared with the ACD group. 5. Distribution of helper T-lymphocyte and cytotoxic T-lymphocite in inguinal nodes was decreased in the RRE group, and was observed well in paracortical area and cortical cord. 6. Distribution of apoptotic cell was appeared in the RRE group compared with the ACD group, in skin, dermis. in inguinal nodes, paracortical area observed well. With above results, the restarint of immunosuppression occuring in Allergic contact dermatitis is resulted in the slow progress the effect of Allergic contact dermatitis, and it is thought that ithis fact has a series of relation with apoptosis.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.265-268
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• 1997

Malignant lymphoma is the tumor of immune system which is known as the most common nonepitheloid tumor of head and neck region. It is mainly found in the cervical, axillary and inguinal lymph node, but gastrointestinal tract, palatine tonsil, nasopharynx, oropharynx, nasal cavity and salivary glands may be involved. Primary lymphoma of the thyroid gland is an uncommon condition, comprising approximately 2% of all malignant lymphoma and 5% of all thyroid malignant neoplasms. Recently, we experienced a case of malignant lymphoma of the thyroid gland, which was histopathologically proven. So we report our findings in this patient with review of literatures.

• 대한영상의학회지
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• 제81권6호
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• pp.1486-1491
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• 2020

기쿠치병은 주로 아시아에 거주하는 젊은 여성에서 경부 림프절 비대와 열을 주소로 나타나는 조직구 괴사성 림프절염이며 자연적으로 치유되는 양성질환이다. 기쿠치병이 전형적으로 발현하는 위치가 아닌 림프절에서 발생하면 진단이 어려워지고 악성 질환으로 오인되기도 한다. 저자들은 2주간 지속되는 발열을 주소로 내원하여 시행한 초음파와 CT, 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT에서 비장 종대와 경부, 액와부, 복강, 후복강, 서혜부 림프절 비대를 보여 림프종을 의심하였던 15세 여자 환아 증례를 보고한다. 복강 림프절 절제술로 기쿠치병을 진단하였다. 이후, 환자는 스테로이드로 보존적인 치료를 받고 발열 증상이 호전되어 퇴원하였다.

• 대한골관절종양학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.69-73
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• 2010

목적: 사지에 발생된 편평 상피암이나 악성 흑색종에서 술 중 소속 림프절 생검의 의미에 대해 알아보고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 2005년 9월부터 2009년 1월까지 본원에서 악성 흑색종 또는 편평상피세포암으로 진단된 환자 중, 원발 부위의 광범위 절제술을 시행한 이후 술 후 면역항암화학요법을 시행하고 1년 이상 추시가 가능하였던 악성 흑색종 15예, 편평상피암 10예, 총 25예를 대상으로 하였고, 이 중 소속 림프절 생검을 시행한 군은 10예였다. 평균 연령은 64세였으며, 남자 15예, 여자 10예였다. 결과: 총 25예의 3년 생존율은 100%였고, 3년 무병 생존율는 76%였다. 총 6예에서 전이가 발생하였고, 서혜부 림프절 4예, 슬부 주위 연부조직 1예, 좌측 아킬레스건 1예였다. 소속 림프절 절제술을 시행하지 않았던 15예에서는 평균 생존율은 93.3%였고, 무병 생존율은 73.3%였다. 소속 림프절 절제술을 시행한 10예에서 평균 생존율은 100%였고, 무병 생존율은 90%였다. 술 중 소속 림프절 절제술을 시행한 10예 중 단 1예에서만 조직검사 상 양성 소견을 보였고, 소속 림프절 절제술을 시행하였던 10예 모두에서 추시 상 전이는 없었다. 소속 림프절 절제술 이후 합병증이 발생한 경우는 없었다. 결론: 소속 림프절의 생검 및 절제는 과거의 전 림프절 절제술과 비교하여 간단하고 적은 합병증으로 높은 정확도를 보이며, 종양의 정확한 병기 설정으로 치료 방향을 결정하는 것이 환자의 생존율을 높이는데 도움을 줄 수 있다고 판단된다.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.285-291
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• 1991

1981년 1월부터 1988년 12월까지 고려대학교 의과대학 치료방사선과에서 제1기에서 2기초까지의 자궁경부악성종양으로 방사선치료를 받았던 126명의 환자를 수술과 방사선치료의 병행요법군(66)과 단독방사선치료(60)군의 두군으로 나누어 그 치료실패의 양상과 요인을 분석하였다. 총 126명 중 29명인 23$\%$의 환자에서 국소재발이나 원격전이를 보였으며 각 군 사이에 병기별로 의미있는 차이를 보이지는 않았다. 29명 중 25명인 86$\%$의환자에서 치료종결후 18개월이내에 치료실패를 보였으며 원격전이의 평균 시기는 국소적인 재발보다 빨라 약 60$\%$의 원격 전이 가 6개월 이내에 발생되었다. 첫 원격전이의 장소로는 단독방사선군에서는 주로 복부임파절이나 쇄골 상부임파절이 많았던 반면 병행요법군에서는 이를 제외한 원격임파절, 폐, 간 및 골전이가 많았던 것으로 나타났으며 이는 통계학적인 유의성이 있었다. 각 군에서 치료실패에 기여하는 요소를 알아내기 위해 조직병리학적, 또는 임상적인 위험요소들에 대해 다변수 분석을 시행한 결과 병행요법군에서는 불충분한 제거 범위 (p=0.0423) 및 전이 성 골반임파절 (p=0.0060)의 존재가, 단독요법군에서는 치료 종결시 종양의 불완전관해(p=0.0013)가 가장 의미있는 요소로 관찰되었다.