• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.277-298
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• 2019

Concrete filled steel tubular (CFST) column joints with composite beams have been widely used as lateral loading resisting elements in civil infrastructure. To better utilize these innovative joints for the application of structural seismic design and analysis, it is of great importance to investigate the dynamic behavior of the joint under cyclic loading. With this aim in mind, a novel phenomenal model has been put forward in this paper, in which a Bouc-Wen hysteresis component is employed to portray the strength and stiffness deterioration phenomenon caused by increment of loading cycle. Then, a modified chicken swarm optimization algorithm was used to estimate the optimal model parameters via solving a global minimum optimization problem. Finally, the experimental data tested from five specimens subjected to cyclic loadings were used to validate the performance of the proposed model. The results effectively demonstrate that the proposed model is an easy and more realistic tool that can be used for the pre-design of CFST column joints with reduced beam section (RBS) composite beams.

• Structural Monitoring and Maintenance
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.63-86
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• 2023

Structural health monitoring and damage detection are essential for assessing, maintaining, and rehabilitating structures. Most of the existing damage detection approaches compare the current state structural response with the undamaged vibrational structural response, which is unsuitable for old and existing structures where undamaged vibrational responses are absent. One of the approaches for existing structures, numerical model updating/inverse modelling, available in the literature, is limited to numerical studies with high-end software. In this study, an attempt is made to study the effectiveness of the model updating technique, simplify modelling complexity, and economize its usability. The optimization-based detection problem is addressed by using programmable open-sourced code, OpenSees^® and a derivative-free optimization code, NOMAD^®. Modal analysis is used for damage identification of beam-like structures with several damage scenarios. The performance of the proposed methodology is validated both numerically and experimentally. The proposed method performs satisfactorily in identifying both locations and intensity of damage in structures.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 2th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.509-519
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• 2007

Private financing is playing an increasing role in public infrastructure construction projects worldwide. However, private investors/operators are exposed to the financial risk of low profitability due to the inaccurate estimation of facility demand, operation income, maintenance costs, etc. From the operator's perspective, a sound and thorough financial feasibility study is required to establish the appropriate capital structure of a project. Operators tend to reduce the equity amount to minimize the level of risk exposure, while creditors persist to raise it, in an attempt to secure a sufficient level of financial involvement from the operators. Therefore, it is important for creditors and operators to reach an agreement for a balanced capital structure that synthetically considers both profitability and repayment capacity. This paper presents an optimal capital structure model for successful private infrastructure investment. This model finds the optimized point where the profitability is balanced with the repayment capacity, with the use of the concept of utility function and multi-objective GA (Generic Algorithm)-based optimization. A case study is presented to show the validity of the model and its verification. The research conclusions provide a proper capital structure for privately-financed infrastructure projects through a proposed multi-objective model.

• Advances in Computational Design
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.197-210
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• 2019

Motion generation of a four-bar linkage is a type of mechanism synthesis that has a wide range of applications such as a pick-and-place operation in manufacturing. In this research, the use of meta-heuristics for motion generation of a four-bar linkage is demonstrated. Three problems of motion generation were posed as a constrained optimization probably using the weighted sum technique to handle two types of tracking errors. A simple penalty function technique was used to deal with design constraints while three meta-heuristics including differential evolution (DE), self-adaptive differential evolution (JADE) and teaching learning based optimization (TLBO) were employed to solve the problems. Comparative results and the effect of the constraint handling technique are illustrated and discussed.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제62권6호
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• pp.886-890
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• 2013

Uplift of contact wire and dynamic characteristics between pantograph and contact wire are key interaction performance of OCS (Overhead Catenary System). These two evaluation items are the approval criteria for the performance between OCS and pantograph. A telemetry system or DAQ (Data Acquisition) System based on wireless communication make it monitor a dynamic behavior which is measured directly in a 25 kv like parts. While permissible working time is too short time to install is too long. In this paper, it is described that optimization the telemetry measurement system for OCS and increasing accuracy, easy adaptation, and faster handling can be also achieved through the study.

• 예술인문사회 융합 멀티미디어 논문지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.33-40
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• 2018

현재 산업계와 학계에서는 커넥티드 카(connected car) 시스템에 대한 연구가 활발하게 진행되고 있다. 커넥티드 카는 IT기술이 융합된 스마트(smart)한 자동차로서 사람, 차량, 교통관리 시스템과 모두 연결되어 있다. 커넥티드 카의 주행을 위해 차량과 인프라(infrastructure) 간의 연결 기술인 V2I(vehicle to infrastructure) 통신이 중요하다. CIM(cooperative intersection management)은 차량과 인프라 사이에서 통신을 관리하는 장치이다. 본 논문에서는 CIM을 사용해 교차로에서 차량을 제어하는 두 가지 기법에 대해 분석한다. 첫 번째 기법은 자원화 된 교차로 예약을 통해 교차로를 지나간다. 두 번째 기법은 미리 계획된 차량의 궤도 패턴을 분류하여 교차로를 통과한다. 이러한 자원예약과 궤도계획을 DP(dynamiac programming)기법과 ACO(ant colony optimization)기법으로 차량을 제어하는 사례연구에 대해 분석한다. 본 기법은 차량에게 중요도를 부여하거나 속도를 조절하여 상황에 맞게 합리적으로 기법을 향상시킬 수 있다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.609-625
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• 2015

Management of infrastructure stock is essential in sustainability of society, and its analysis and optimization are studied in the light of control system modeling in this paper. At the first part of the paper, cost of stock management is analyzed based on macroscopic statistics on infrastructure stock and economical growth. Stock management burden relative to economy is observed to become larger at low economic growth periods in developed economies. Then, control system modeling of stock management is introduced and by augmenting maintenance actions as control input, dynamic behavior of stock is simulated and compared with existing time history statistics. Assuming steady state conditions, applicability of the model to cross sectional data is also demonstrated. The proposed model is enhanced so that both preventive and corrective maintenance can be included as system inputs, i.e., feedforward and feedback control inputs. Optimal management strategy to achieve specified deteriorated stock level with minimal cost, expressed in terms of preventive and corrective maintenance actions, is derived based on estimated parameter values for corrosion of steel bridges. Relative cost effectiveness of preventive maintenance is shown when target deteriorated stock level is lower.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.254-260
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• 2017

사회기반시설물은 적절한 수명관리를 통해 경제적이고 안전한 구조성능을 유지한다. 일반적으로 최적화 기법을 적용하여, 유지보수의 시점과 방법을 결정하게 되는데, 이 적용에 있어서 단일 목적함수만을 고려하기 보다는 다수의 목적함수를 동시에 고려하는 것이 보다 합리적인 의사결정을 유도한다. 최근까지 수명관리에 관련한 연구는 생애주기 비용 최소화 또는 구조성능 최대화와 관련한 목적함수를 적용하여 왔으며, 새로운 확률론적 구조성능 및 안전성 평가 기법을 이용하여 다양한 형태의 목적함수를 개발/적용하고 있다. 이러한 다수의 목적함수를 동시에 고려하는 다목적 최적화 기반 사회기반시설물 수명관리가 최근 국내외에서 많이 적용되고 있다. 하지만, 수명관리 최적화를 위한 목적함수의 개수가 증가함에 따라 신뢰성있는 결과를 얻기 위해서는 많은 계산시간이 소요되며, 특히 확률론적 계산을 위한 시뮬레이션 기법이 적용되는 목적함수의 경우 계산시간은 더욱 증가하게 된다. 또한, 목적함수의 개수 증가에 따라 계산결과의 차수가 증가하기 때문에 이를 시각화하고 나아가 의사결정에 어려움이 발생한다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 다목적 최적화 문제의 계산된 결과를 바탕으로 한 의사결정의 효율성 향상을 위해 최소 필수 목적함수를 구별하는 목적감소 기법을 적용하여 콘크리트 교량 상판의 수명관리에 대한 연구를 수행하였으며, 최초 4개의 목적함수가 2개까지 감소되는 결과를 보여준다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.303-317
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• 2019

Magneto-rheological fluid (MRF) rotatory dampers are normally used for controlling the constant rotation of machines and engines. In this research, such a device is proposed to act as variable stiffness device to alleviate the rotational oscillation existing in the many engineering applications, such as motor. Under such thought, the main purpose of this work is to characterize the nonlinear torque-angular displacement/angular velocity responses of an MRF based variable stiffness device in oscillatory motion. A rotational hysteresis model, consisting of a rotatory spring, a rotatory viscous damping element and an error function-based hysteresis element, is proposed, which is capable of describing the unique dynamical characteristics of this smart device. To estimate the optimal model parameters, a modified whale optimization algorithm (MWOA) is employed on the captured experimental data of torque, angular displacement and angular velocity under various excitation conditions. In MWOA, a nonlinear algorithm parameter updating mechanism is adopted to replace the traditional linear one, enhancing the global search ability initially and the local search ability at the later stage of the algorithm evolution. Additionally, the immune operation is introduced in the whale individual selection, improving the identification accuracy of solution. Finally, the dynamic testing results are used to validate the performance of the proposed model and the effectiveness of the proposed optimization algorithm.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제88권4호
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• pp.323-334
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• 2023

The submerged floating tunnel (SFT) infrastructure has been regarded as an emerging technology that efficiently and safely connects land and islands. The SFT route problem is an essential part of the SFT planning and design phase, with significant impacts on the surrounding environment. This study aims to develop an optimization model considering transportation and structure factors. The SFT routing problem was optimized based on two objective functions, i.e., minimizing total travel time and cumulative strains, using NSGA-II. The proposed model was applied to the section from Mokpo to Jeju Island using road network and wave observation data. As a result of the proposed model, a Pareto optimum curve was obtained, showing a negative correlation between the total travel time and cumulative strain. Based on the inflection points on the Pareto optimum curve, four optimal SFT routes were selected and compared to identify the pros and cons. The travel time savings of the four selected alternatives were estimated to range from 9.9% to 10.5% compared to the non-implemented scenario. In terms of demand, there was a substantial shift in the number of travel and freight trips from airways to railways and roadways. Cumulative strain, calculated based on SFT distance, support structure, and wave energy, was found to be low when the route passed through small islands. The proposed model helps decision-making in the planning and design phases of SFT projects, ultimately contributing to the progress of a safe, efficient, and sustainable SFT infrastructure.