• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제30권7호
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• pp.687-693
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• 2013

The service conditions of railway cars have become more difficult in recent years due to increased speed. Faulty components in the railcars may result in service interruption, or in extreme cases, derailment. Thus, it is important to diagnose and monitor the main components of railcars. Temperature monitoring is one of the basic methods used to diagnose abnormal conditions in the main components of railway cars, such as in bearings, reduction gears, and traction motors. In this study, we developed a monitoring system for the main components, using an infrared thermography technique. This technique has the advantage of infrared thermal camera imaging of temperature contours in the components. Various hardware and software components of the monitoring system are used to acquire the sensor data, to identify potential problems in railcar operation.

• 대한용접접합학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한용접접합학회 2006년도 춘계 학술대회 개요집
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• pp.148-150
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• 2006

In this paper, the applicability of an UET(ultrasound excited thermography) for a defect detection of the welded receptacle is described. An UET(ultrasound excited thermography) is a defect-selective and fast imaging tool for damage detection. A high power ultrasound-excited vibration energy with pulse durations of 280ms is injected into the outer surface of the welded receptacle made of Al material. An ultrasound vibration energy sent into the welded receptacle propagate inside the sample until they are converted into the heat in the vicinity of the defect. The injection of the ultrasound excited vibration energy results in heat generation so that the defect is turned into a local thermal wave transmitter. Its local heat emission is monitored by the thermal infrared camera. And they are processed by the image recording system. Measurement was performed on aluminum receptacle welded by using Nd:YAG laser. The observed thermal image revealed two area of defects along the welded seam.

• 한국산업정보학회논문지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.11-18
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• 2022

주간 및 야간의 보행자 감지를 위해서는 다중 스펙트럼 활용이 필수적이다. 본 논문에서는 교통사고의 위험성이 높은 교차로에서 횡단보도 근처의 보행자를 24시간 검출하기 위해 컬러 카메라 및 열화상 적외선 카메라를 사용하였다. 보행자 탐지를 위해서 YOLO v5 객체 검출기를 사용하였으며 컬러 이미지와 열화상 이미지를 동시에 사용하여 감지 성능을 향상 시켰다. 제안된 시스템은 실제 횡단보도 현장에서 확보한 주·야간 다중 스펙트럼(색상 및 열화상) 보행자 데이터 셋에서 Iou 0.5 기준 0.94 mAP의 높은 성능을 보였다.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.619-627
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• 2016

Cells of a PV (photovoltaic) module can suffer defects due to various causes resulting in a loss of power output. As a malfunctioning cell has a higher temperature than adjacent normal cells, it can be easily detected with a thermal infrared sensor. A conventional method of PV cell inspection is to use a hand-held infrared sensor for visual inspection. The main disadvantages of this method, when applied to a large-scale PV power plant, are that it is time-consuming and costly. This paper presents an algorithm for automatically detecting defective PV panels using images captured with a thermal imaging camera from an UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle). The proposed algorithm uses statistical analysis of thermal intensity (surface temperature) characteristics of each PV module to verify the mean intensity and standard deviation of each panel as parameters for fault diagnosis. One of the characteristics of thermal infrared imaging is that the larger the distance between sensor and target, the lower the measured temperature of the object. Consequently, a global detection rule using the mean intensity of all panels in the fault detection algorithm is not applicable. Therefore, a local detection rule was applied to automatically detect defective panels using the mean intensity and standard deviation range of each panel by array. The performance of the proposed algorithm was tested on three sample images; this verified a detection accuracy of defective panels of 97% or higher. In addition, as the proposed algorithm can adjust the range of threshold values for judging malfunction at the array level, the local detection rule is considered better suited for highly sensitive fault detection compared to a global detection rule. In this study, we used a panel area extraction method that we previously developed; fault detection accuracy would be improved if panel area extraction from images was more precise. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm contributes to the development of a maintenance and repair system for large-scale PV power plants, in combination with a geo-referencing algorithm for accurate determination of panel locations using sensor-based orientation parameters and photogrammetry from ground control points.

• 천문학논총
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.143-149
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• 2005

KASI (Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute) is developing the near-infrared camera system named KASINICS (KASI Near-Infrared Camera System) which will be installed at the 60cm f/13.5 Ritchey-Chretien telescope of the Sobaeksan Optical Astronomy Observatory (SOAO). The camera system is optimized for JHKL bands and has a 6 arcmin FOV. The optical system consists of two spherical mirrors and a 8-position filter wheel. With the exception for the dewar window, all optical elements are cooled inside cryogenic dewar. Since the Offner system is adopted to prevent thermal noises from outside of the telescope primary mirror, the secondary mirror of the Offner system acts as a cold Lyot stop. The optical performance does not change by temperature variations because the Aluminum mirrors contract and expand homogeneously with its mount. We finished the design and fabrication of the optical parts and are now aligning the optical system. We plan to have a test observation on 2006 January.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.174-181
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• 2011

An airborne sensor is developed for remote sensing on an aerial vehicle (UV). The sensor is an optical payload for an eletro-optical/infrared (EO/IR) dual band camera that combines visible and IR imaging capabilities in a compact and lightweight package. It adopts a Ritchey-Chr$\'{e}$tien telescope for the common front end optics with several relay optics that divide and deliver EO and IR bands to a charge-coupled-device (CCD) and an IR detector, respectively. The EO/IR camera for dual bands is mounted on a two-axis gimbal that provides stabilized imaging and precision pointing in both the along and cross-track directions. We first investigate the mechanical deformations, displacements and stress of the EO/IR camera through finite element analysis (FEA) for five cases: three gravitational effects and two thermal conditions. For investigating gravitational effects, one gravitational acceleration (1 g) is given along each of the +x, +y and +z directions. The two thermal conditions are the overall temperature change to $30^{\circ}C$ from $20^{\circ}C$ and the temperature gradient across the primary mirror pupil from $-5^{\circ}C$ to $+5^{\circ}C$. Optical performance, represented by the modulation transfer function (MTF), is then predicted by integrating the FEA results into optics design/analysis software. This analysis shows the IR channel can sustain imaging performance as good as designed, i.e., MTF 38% at 13 line-pairs-per-mm (lpm), with refocus capability. Similarly, the EO channel can keep the designed performance (MTF 73% at 27.3 lpm) except in the case of the overall temperature change, in which the EO channel experiences slight performance degradation (MTF 16% drop) for $20^{\circ}C$ overall temperate change.

• 정보처리학회논문지:컴퓨터 및 통신 시스템
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.85-92
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• 2023

코로나바이러스감염증-19와 같은 호흡기 감염병은 주로 밀집/밀폐/밀접 공간인 실내에서 일어난다. 호흡기 감염병 이상징후의 존재 여부는 발열, 기침, 재채기 및 호흡곤란 등의 초기 증상을 통해 판단되고 있으며, 이러한 초기 증상에 대한 상시 모니터링이 요구된다. 열화상 온도 스크리닝 시스템은 개인의 피부 온도 상승의 징후가 있는지 초기에 선별하는 빠르고 쉬운 비접촉 스크리닝 방법을 제공하지만, 측정 타겟, 주변 온도 등의 측정 환경과 피 측정대상과의 측정 거리에 따른 오차로 인해 정확한 온도측정이 어렵다. 그리고 국제표준 IEC 80601-2-59 에서는 내안각(Inner Canthus) 인접한 영역에 대한 안면 열화상 촬영을 권고하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 가시광 카메라 모듈과 열화상 카메라 모듈에 대해서 이미지 일치화 보정을 수행하였으며, 흑체(Blackbody)를 이용해 측정 환경에 대한 열화상 카메라 모듈 온도를 보정하였다. 표준에서 권고하는 측정 타겟을 인식하기 위해 딥러닝 기반 객체 인식 알고리즘과 내안각 인식 모델을 개발하였으며, 100명의 실험자군에 대한 데이터셋을 적용하여 인식 모델 정확도를 도출하였다. 또한 라이다 모듈을 이용한 객체 거리 측정과 선형회귀 보정 모듈을 통해 측정 거리에 따른 오차를 보정하였다. 제안한 모델의 성능 측정을 위해 모터 스테이지, 열화상 온도 스크리닝 시스템, 흑체로 구성된 실험환경을 구축하였으며, 1m에서 3.5m 사이 가변 거리에 따른 온도측정 결과 0.28℃ 이내의 오차 정확도를 확인하였다.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.73-79
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 온실의 열손실을 최소화할 방안을 모색하기 위하여 경남지역에 있는 시설 농가를 대상으로 열화상 카메라를 이용하여 열손실 사례에 대한 실태조사를 실시하였다. 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 치마처리 전 후의 두 실험구간의 온도차는 각각 $2.0{\sim}3.0^{\circ}C$ 및 $1.0{\sim}2.0^{\circ}C$ 정도인 것을 알 수 있다. 열화상 기기에 의해 계측된 온도와 온도 센서에 의해 계측된 온도와는 상관 관계가 큰 것으로 나타났다. 실태조사 지역 간에 큰 차이는 없었지만 보온용 부직포가 1층인 경우와 2층인 경우를 보면, 1층이 2층에 비해 상대적으로 열손실 크게 나타났다. 그리고 전체적으로 온실의 형태와 무관하게 측장부분과 수평보온커튼의 틈새, 측면과 전 후면 보온용 부직포의 이음부분이 완전히 밀폐되지 않아 열손실이 상대적으로 큰 것으로 나타났다. 특히, 파손된 피복재나 출입문, 환기구, 박공, 바닥부근 등에서 틈새가 생겨서 많은 양의 열이 손실되고 있었다.

• 천문학회보
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.50.1-50.1
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• 2014

The Multi-purpose InfraRed Imaging System (MIRIS) is the main payload of Science and Technology Satellite 3 (STSAT-3), which was launched onboard Dnepr rocket from Russian Yasny Launch Base in November 2013. The MIRIS is an infrared (IR) camera, and the telescope has to be cooled down to below 200K in order to reduce thermal background noise. For the effective cooling and low-power consumption, we applied passive cooling method to the thermal design of the MIRIS. We also conducted thermal analysis and tested for the passive cooling before the launch of STSAT-3. After the launch, we have received State-of-Health (SOH) data from the satellite on orbit, including temperature monitoring results. It is important that the temperature of the telescope was shown to be cooled down to below 200K. In this paper, we present both the temperature data of the MIRIS on orbit and the thermal analysis results in the laboratory. We also compare these results and discuss the verification of the passive cooling.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.393-402
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• 2003

The Multi-Spectral Camera (MSC) is the payload of KOMPSAT-2 which is designed for earth imaging in optical and near-infrared region on a sun-synchronous orbit. The telescope in the MSC is a Ritchey-Chretien type with large aperture. The telescope structure should be well stabilized and the optical alignment should be kept steady so that best images can be achieved. However, the MSC is exposed to adverse thermal environment on the orbit which can give impacts on optical performance. Solar incidence can bring non-uniform temperature rise on the telescope tube which entails unfavorable thermal distortion. Three ways of preventing the solar radiation were proposed, which were installing external mechanical shield, internal shield, and maneuvering the spacecraft. After trade-off study, internal sun shield was selected as a practical and optimal solution to minimize the effect of the solar radiation. In addition, detailed designs of the structure and sunshield were produced and analyses have been performed. The results were assessed to verify their impacts to the image quality. It was confirmed that the internal sunshield complies with the requirements and would improve image quality.