• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.28-35
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• 2021

Infrared (IR) stealth technology to protect aircraft from heat-tracking missiles is a very important factor in the development of military aircraft. In this study, the intensities of signal generation were compared by observing the IR signals generated from the plumes of the engine and identifying them for each measurement angle. To simulate a jet engine applied to an actual aircraft, a small turbojet engine was constructed, the infrared signal characteristics for each wavelength were identified according to the measurement angle, and the total infrared radiance was derived by integrating the signal for each wavelength. Through this study, we intend to present basic data for improving the infrared stealth performance of aircraft.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.476-486
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• 2022

Synthetic dynamic infrared image generation from the given virtual environment is being the primary goal to simulate the output of the infra-red(IR) camera installed on a vehicle to evaluate the control algorithm for various search & reconnaissance missions. Due to the difficulty to obtain actual IR data in complex environments, Artificial intelligence(AI) has been used recently in the field of image data generation. In this paper, CycleGAN technique is applied to obtain a more realistic synthetic IR image. We added the Structural Similarity Index Measure(SSIM) loss function to the L1 loss function to generate a more realistic synthetic IR image when the CycleGAN image is generated. From the simulation, it is applicable to the guided-missile flight simulation tests by using the synthetic infrared image generated by the proposed technique.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.127-134
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• 2005

Recently, aquaculture farm sites have been increased with demand of the expensive fish species and sea food like as seaweed, laver and oyster. Therefore coastal water quality have been deteriorated by organic contamination from marine aquaculture farm sites. For protecting of coastal environment, we need to control the location of aquaculture sites. The purpose of this study is to detect the laver aquaculture sites using multispectral remotely sensed data with autodetection algorithm. In order to detect the aquaculture sites, density slice and contour and vegetation index methods were applied with SPOT and IKONOS data of Shinan area. The marine aquaculture farm sites were extracted by density slice and contour methods with one band digital number(DN) carrying 65% accuracy. However, vegetation index algorithm carried out 75% accuracy using near-infra red and red bands. Extraction of the laver aquaculture site using remotely sensed data will provide the efficient digital map for coastal water management strategies and red tide GIS management system.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.624-629
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• 2018

The current study was conducted to develop a portable composite gas detector allowing the detection of both $CO_2$ and $CH_4$ gases by means of the Non Dispersive Infra-Red (NDIR) method. The gas detector is configured to radiate infrared waves using infrared lamps, where the wavelength of the infrared light is reduced due to absorption throughout the chamber, and this reduction (absorption) is detected by the absorption detector, before being converted and amplified to a 3.5V~6V electrical signal, providing as accurate a measurement as possible. The conventional singe sensor method measures the relative measurement by absorbing only specified wavelengths of infrared radiation, which in the case of gas detection leads to problems with accuracy due to the lack of a reference sensor when detecting light with a wavelength of only $4.26{\mu}m$. The dual sensor employed in this study provides a comparative measurement between the reference value derived from the wavelength of $3.91{\mu}m$, which is not influenced by other gas sources, and the measurement value derived from the wavelength of $4.26{\mu}m$, in order to reduce the errors and enhance the reliability, thereby allowing low power consumption for portable devices and multi-gas detection for both $CO_2$ and $CH_4$ gases. The portable composite gas detector developed herein provides a measurement rage of 0ppm~5,000ppm for $CO_2$ gas, and 0.5%vol for $CH_4$, which allows the determination of whether the $CO_2$ and $CH_4$ contents in indoor air are less than 1,000ppm or not. The current study established that the composite gas detector can be interlinked with firefighting appliances through portable devices or home automation, and is anticipated to be very effective in fire prevention.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.443-448
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• 2008

Beak trimming in laying hens is a routine practice in which about 1/3-1/2 of the upper and lower beak is removed with the aim of reducing cannibalism. This experiment aimed to identify if this procedure causes pain by examining self-administration of an analgesic (carprofen) and pecking behaviour in 80 laying pullets beak-trimmed by two different methods at one day of age using hot-blade cauterisation or infra-red cauterisation. We also tested a control treatment, pullets with intact beaks, and a positive control treatment of pullets beak trimmed at 10 weeks of age which were expected to experience some pain due to recent severing of the underlying nerves in the beak. At 11 weeks of age birds trimmed at 10 weeks of age pecked more (p<0.001) gently ($0.6{\pm}0.06N$) at a disc attached to a force-displacement transducer than birds trimmed at 1 day of age with an infra-red machine ($0.9{\pm}0.1N$) or a hot blade ($1.1{\pm}0.07N$) and intact birds ($1.2{\pm}0.1N$). Maximum force of pecks recorded was also lower (p<0.001) in birds trimmed at 10 weeks of age than birds trimmed at 1 day of age with an infra-red method or a hot blade and intact birds. However, the pecking force in birds trimmed at 10 weeks of age was not increased by providing them with analgesic-treated feed, though birds that ate more carprofen had a higher maximum force of peck (p = 0.03). Pecking force in birds beak-trimmed at 1 day of age was the same as the pecking force of intact birds, and was unaffected by feeding pullets carprofen. A method of self-administration of an analgesic had previously revealed that chickens in neuromuscular pain arising from lameness consumed more of a feed containing carprofen than healthy chickens. However, we found no evidence that beak-trimmed pullets consumed more carprofen-treated feed than pullets with an intact beak. It should be noted that the three beak trimming methods resulted in an average 34% reduction in beak length, considered a light trim, and is perhaps not representative of commercial birds where greater portions of the beak are removed. We conclude that although carprofen has been reported to have an analgesic effect on neuromuscular pain in chickens, it appears to have no analgesic effect on potential neuropathic pain arising from the nerves severed by a light beak trim.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.159-169
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• 1977

The bacteria of red colonies isolated from soil were identified as Serratia marcescens. The best solvent for pigment extraction was n-buthanol and the pigment was identified as prodigiosene. The extracted pigment was stable on temperature and light but not on acidity. The redpigment color changed into red in alkaline solution. The maximum absorbancy of pigment was 466 nm in alkaline condition and 540 nm in acid condition. And the pigment formed single spot on the TLC(starch). By the result of infra red spectrum, the red pigment has the same absorption pattern comparing with, the prodigisin produced by S. marcescens strain Nima. It was confirmed that the pigment was secondary metabolite and that the maximal peak of production appeared at 30 hrs after the inoculation, when the bacterial growth was in statinary state. Referring to the effect of temperature, the pigment was not formed at $36^{\circ}C$ and the optimal temperature for both of bactrial growth and pigmentation was $30^{\circ}C$. The optimal range of pH for pigmentation was 5.0 and under the condition the bacterial growth was not affected at all. Examining the effects of light, the bacterial pigment ation was more increased in darkness than in visible light.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.4311-4317
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• 2014

Background: Nano-biotechnology is recognized as offering revolutionary changes in the field of cancer therapy and biologically synthesized gold nanoparticles are known to have a wide range of medical applications. Materials and Methods: Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) were biosynthesized with an aqueous extract of the red alga Corallina officinalis, used as a reducing and stabilizing agent. GNPs were characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive analysis (EDX) and Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy and tested for cytotoxic activity against human breast cancer (MCF-7) cells cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, considering their cytotoxicty and effects on cellular DNA. Results: The biosynthesized GNPs were $14.6{\pm}1nm$ in diameter. FT-IR analysis showed that the hydroxyl functional group from polyphenols and carbonyl group from proteins could assist in formation and stabilization. The GNPs showed potent cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 cells, causing necrosis at high concentrations while lower concentrations were without effect as indicated by DNA fragmentation assay. Conclusions: The antitumor activity of the biosynthesized GNPs from the red alga Corallina officinalis against human breast cancer cells may be due to the cytotoxic effects of the gold nanoparticles and the polyphenolcontent of the algal extract.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.80-80
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• 2010

About 50% of Active Galactic Nuclei(AGNs) are found to be red and dust-obscured. They are believed to be in an early dusty stage of AGNs evolution or affected by dust torus in the direction of line of sight. However, optical spectrum is affected by dust extinction, making it difficult to study their properties, such as FWHM and luminosity. In order to reveal the mass of central Black Hole(BH) in red AGN, we establish a new BH mass estimator for typical type1 AGNs using Near InfraRed(NIR) hydrogen line($P_{\alpha}$ and $P_{\beta}$), since these lines are at longer wavelength, less affected by dust extinction than optical hydrogen lines, such as $H_{\alpha}$ and $H_{\alpha}$. To derive the new empirical formula, we use a sample of well-known 36 AGN with a wide BH mass range of $10^6-10^9\;M_{\odot}$, where $M_{BH}s$ are estimated by reverberation mapping method and single epoch method. The $P_{\alpha}/P_{\beta}$ luminosities and FWHMs are derived by analyzing IRTF NIR spectra or taken from literature values. We show that luminosities and FWHMs of these lines correlate well with those of Balmer lines. Suggesting that Paschen and Balmer broad lines are originated from same region. Finally, we present the new $M_{BH}$ formula that are based on $P_{\alpha}/P_{\beta}$ luminosity and FWHM. We hope that our result will be used for investigating red AGNs.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.235-236
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• 2010

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.216-221
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• 2001

바닥급기 공조시스템은 재실자에게 신선외기를 효과적으로 공급하고 온열환경을 효과적으로 제공하기 위한 새로운 수단으로 시도되고 있다. 그러나 급기구가 인체에 너무 가까이 위치할 경우, 부분적인 열구배에 의한 불쾌감을 유발할 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 바닥급기 공조시스템이 설치된 공간내의 온도 및 기류분포 등의 온열환경을 측정하였고 적외선 카메라를 이용하여 급기구에 의한 인체 표면 온도를 측정하여 열적 쾌적성에 미치는 영향에 관하여 고찰하였다.