• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.8 no.11
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• pp.3789-3809
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• 2014

Radio environment maps (REMs) and geolocation database represent an important source of information for the operation of cognitive radio networks, replacing or complementing spectrum sensing information. This paper provides a survey of methods for constructing the radio frequency layer of radio environment map (RF-REM) using distributed measurements of the signal levels at a given frequency in space and time. The signal level measurements can be obtained from fixed or mobile devices capable of sensing radio environment and sending this information to the REM. The signal measurements are complemented with information already stored in different REM content layers. The combined information is applied for estimation of the RF-REM layer. The RF-REM construction methods are compared, and their advantages and disadvantages with respect to the spatial distribution of signal measurements and computational complexity is given. This survey also indicates possible directions of further research in indirect RF-REM construction methods. It emphasizes that accurate RF-REM construction methods should in the best case support operation with random and clustered signal measurements, their operation should not be affected by measurements outliers, and it must estimate signal levels comparably on all RF-REM locations with moderate computational effort.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.35 no.9A
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• pp.896-905
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• 2010

In this paper, we present a new sensing method based on phase entropy. Entropy is a measurement which quantifies the information content contained in a signal. For the PSK modulation, the information is encoded in the phase of the transmitted signal. By focusing on phase, more information is collected during sensing, which suggests a superior performance. The sensing based on Phase entropy is not limited to PSK signal. We generalize it to PAM signal as well. It is more advantageous to detect the phase. The simulation results have confirmed the excellent performance of this novel sensing algorithm.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.58-78
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• 2016

Compressed sensing (CS) possesses the potential benefits for spectrum sensing of wideband signal in cognitive radio. The sparsity of signal in frequency domain denotes the number of occupied channels for spectrum sensing. This paper presents a scheme of adaptively adjusting the number of compressed measurements to reduce the unnecessary computational complexity when priori information about the sparsity of signal cannot be acquired. Firstly, a method of sparsity estimation is introduced because the sparsity of signal is not available in some cognitive radio environments, and the relationship between the amount of used data and estimation accuracy is discussed. Then the SNR of the compressed signal is derived in the closed form. Based on the SNR of the compressed signal and estimated sparsity, an adaptive algorithm of adjusting the number of compressed measurements is proposed. Finally, some simulations are performed, and the results illustrate that the simulations agree with theoretical analysis, which prove the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive adjusting of compressed measurements.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.69-73
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• 2015

We focus on a sounding signal design for single-input single-output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (SISO-OFDM) systems. We show that the frequency spectrum of an optimum sounding signal has a constant magnitude across the frequency band for the cases with or without Doppler effects. Simulation results show that the designed optimum sounding signal outperforms random sounding signals and that the performance of a maximal-length shift register sequence is indistinguishable from that of the optimum sounding signal.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.646-652
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• 2013

EU's Galileo project is a market-based GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) that is under development. It is expected that Galileo will provide the positioning services based on new technologies in 2020s. Because Galileo E1 signal for OS (Open Service) shares the same center frequency with GPS L1 C/A signal, CBOC (Composite Binary Offset Carrier) modulation scheme is used in the E1 signal to guarantee interoperability between two systems. With E1 signal consisting of a data channel and a pilot channel at the same frequency band, there exist several options in designing signal acquisition for Assisted-Galileo receivers. Furthermore, compared to SNR worksheet of Assisted-GPS, some factors should be examined in Assisted-Galileo due to different correlation profile and code length of E1 signal. This paper presents SNR worksheets of Galileo E1 signals in E1-B and E1-C channel. Three implementation losses that are quite different from GPS are mainly analyzed in establishing SNR worksheets. In the worksheet, hybrid long integration of 1.5s is considered to acquire weak signal less than -150dBm. Simulation results show that the final SNR of E1-B signal with -150dBm is 19.4dB and that of E1-C signal is 25.2dB. Comparison of relative computation shows that E1-B channel is more profitable to acquire the strongest signal in weak signal environment. With information from the first satellite signal acquisition, fast acquisition of the weak signal around -155dBm can be performed with E1-C signal in the subsequent satellites.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.29-36
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• 2009

The analysis of Radar signal, telecommunication, bioengineering, seismic, and acoustic signal is consist of the Non-stationary signal which has non-linear phase variation. Non-stationary signal means that the physical properties of signal depend on time variation and the instantaneous frequency represents physical property of these type of signal. Thus estimation of the instantaneous frequency of non-stationary signal is important subject in signal processing. In this work, the instantaneous frequency analysis method utilizing continuous wavelets transform is represented and compared with Hilbert Transform method.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.289-293
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• 2005

this paper, we introduce a secure communication method using complex system. We make a complex system with the n-double scroll or Chua's oscillator. The Complex system is created by applying identical n0double scroll or non-identical n-double scroll and Chua's oscillator with weak soupled method to each cell. In order to secure communication, we have synthesizing the desired information with a complex system circuit by adding the information signal to the hyper-chaos signal. And then, transmitting the synthesized signal to the ideal channel, we confirm secure communication by separating the information signal and the complex system signal in the receiver.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.145-154
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• 2020

Maximum likelihood (ML) is the best estimator asymptotically as the number of training samples approaches infinity. This paper deduces an adaptive algorithm for blind signal processing problem based on gradient optimization criterion. A parametric density model is introduced through a parameterized generalized distribution family in ML framework. After specifying a limited number of parameters, the density of specific original signal can be approximated automatically by the constructed density function. Consequently, signal separation can be conducted without any prior information about the probability density of the desired original signal. Simulations on classical biomedical signals confirm the performance of the deduced technique.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.945-964
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• 2014

In this paper, we investigate the performance of Signal to Leakage and Noise Radio (SLNR) based user scheduling in uplink of multi-cell with large-scale antenna system. Large antenna array is desired to improve the performance in future system by providing better beamforming capability. However, some studies have found that the signal channel is 'hardened' (becomes invariant) when the antenna number goes extremely large, which implies that the signal channel aware user scheduling may have no gain at all. With the mathematic tool of order statistics, we analyzed the signal and interference terms of SLNR in a homogeneous multicell network. The derived distribution function of signal and interference shows that the leakage channel's variance is much more influential than the signal channel's variance in large-scale antenna regime. So even though the signal channel is hardened, the SLNR-based scheduling can achieve remarkable multiuser diversity (MUD) gain due to the fluctuation of the uplink leakage channel. By providing the final SINR distribution, we verify that the SLNR-based scheduling can leverage MUD in a better way than the signal channel based scheduling. The Monte Carlo simulations show that the throughput gain of SLNR-based scheduling over signal channel based scheduling is significant.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.611-617
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• 1998

In this paper, a transmitter and a receiver using two identical Chua's circuits are proposed and wire secure communications are investigated. A secure communication method in which the desired information signal is synthesized with the chaos signal created by the Chua's circuit is proposed and an information signal is demodulated also using the Chua's circuit. The proposed method is synthesizing the desired information with the chaos circuit by adding the information signal to the chaos signal in the wire transmission system. After transmitting the synthesized signal through the wire transmission system, it is confirmed the feasibility of the secure communication from the result of the demodulated signals and the recovered wire tapped signals.