• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.225-231
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• 2014

In this study we aim to extensively investigate the anti-influenza virus immune responses in human pharyngeal epithelial cell line (Hep-2) and evaluate the protective role of Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands in seasonal influenza A H1N1 (sH1N1) infections in vitro. We first investigated the expression of the TLRs and cytokines genes in resting and sH1N1 infected Hep-2 cells. Clear expressions of TLR3, TLR9, interleukin (IL)-6, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-${\alpha}$ and interferon (IFN)-${\beta}$ were detected in resting Hep-2 cells. After sH1N1 infection, a ten-fold of TLR3 and TLR9 were elicited. Concomitant with the TLRs activation, transcriptional expression of IL-6, TNF-${\alpha}$ and IFN-${\beta}$ were significantly induced in sH1N1-infected cells. Pre-treatment of cells with poly I:C (an analog of viral double-stranded RNA) and CpG-ODN (a CpG-motif containing oligodeoxydinucleotide) resulted in a strong reduction of viral and cytokines mRNA expression. The results presented indicated the innate immune response activation in Hep-2 cells and affirm the antiviral role of Poly I:C and CpG-ODN in the protection against seasonal influenza A viruses.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제68권6호
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• pp.350-353
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• 2010

Here we report the first fatality caused by H1N1 influenza virus infection with acute respiratory distress syndrome in Korea. A 55-year-old man presented at our emergency department with dyspnea, fever, diffuse myalgia and malaise. Bilateral lung air-space consolidation was detected on his initial chest radiograph combined with severe hypoxemia. He was supported by mechanical ventilation and treated with antibiotics. A nasopharyngeal aspirate was positive for influenza A rapid antigen and oseltamivir was started on day 3 of admission. The nasal swab sample was positive for influenza H1N1 virus by real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Despite aggressive treatment, he had refractory hypoxemia and uncontrolled septic shock. On day 5 of admission he went into cardiac arrest and expired.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.260-265
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• 2005

목 적 : 인플루엔자는 주기적인 유행을 통해 높은 사망률과 유병률을 초래하며 인플루엔자 유행 시에 지역사회에서 폐렴의 증가, 인플루엔자 유사질환에 의한 입원의 증가, 사망률의 증가등을 통해 나타나게 된다. 이에 저자들은 최근 부산지역에서 유행한 인플루엔자 바이러스를 동정하고 유행 시기를 알아보고자 한다. 방 법 : 2000년부터 2002년까지 최근 3년간 성분도병원 소아과를 비롯한 부산광역시의 10개 감시지정병원과 부산광역시의 16개 보건소의 외래로 내원하였거나 입원하였던 환자 중 임상적으로 인플루엔자가 의심되는 환자들에게서 채취한 인후 도찰물, 콧물 등의 가검물을 배양하여 인플루엔자의 유형과 성별, 연령별 발생분포, 유행 시기 등을 분석하였다. 결 과 : 1) 3년간 총 209주의 인플루엔자 바이러스가 분리되었다. 2000년에는 A/sydney/05/97(H3N2)-like, A/Beijing/262/95(H1N1)-like와 B/Harbin/07/94-like이었으며, 2001년에 분리된 바이러스는 A/Panama/2007/99(H3N2)-like와 A/Newcaledonia/20/99(H1N1)-like이었고, 2002년도에는 A/Panama/2007/99(H3N2)-like, A/Newcaledonia/20/99(H1N1)-like와 B/Beijing/243/97, B/Honkong/22/2001, B/Sichuam/379/99이었다. 분리된 바이러스의 성별 발생 분포는 2000년 남성 환자 14명(32.56%), 여성 환자 25명(67.44%), 2001년 남성 환자 23명(41.07%), 여성환자 33명(58.93%), 2002년 남성 환자 57명(50%), 여성 환자 57명(50%)이 발생하였다. 2) 연령별 발생 분포는 2000년에는 0-10세 사이에서 48.84%로 대부분을 차지하였으나 2001년에는 11-20세 사이에서 33.93%로 비교적 높은 비율을 보였고, 2002년에는 10세 이하가 64.91%로 대부분을 차지하였다. 3) 월별 발생 분포는 2000년에는 1월에 한 차례 높았다가 다시 4월에 다소 높은 발생을 보였으며 6월까지 낮은 비율이지만 다양한 바이러스가 출현하였다. 반면 2001년에는 2월과 3월에 집중적으로 발생하였다. 그리고 2002년에는 3월과 11월에 두 번이나 높은 발생을 나타내었다. 결 론 : 인플루엔자 바이러스는 잦은 항원변이를 보이고, 늦가을에서 초봄까지 유행하며, 특히 10세 이하의 소아에서 높은 이환율을 보이므로 각별한 예방대책이 강구되어야 하겠다.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.129-136
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• 2004

Avian influenza viruses infect humans, horses, swine, other mammals, and a wide variety of domesticated and wild birds. Modem poultry industries worldwide are at risk of infection with avian influenza. Low pathogenic avian influenza can easily change to highly pathogenic form especially when introduced into areas of high density commercial poultry. Outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza are becoming progressively more expensive to control according to the growth of the poultry industry worldwide. Future strategies for avian influenza control and prevention should involve a combination of early detection and characterization of virus using advanced molecular biologic techniques, quarantine, selective depopulation and vaccination of flocks.

• Journal of Multimedia Information System
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.161-170
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• 2022

Under General anesthesia with isoflurane, we insert a chicken's esophageal catheter into the near the left atrium. 1MHz radio wave was added to electrocardiogram electrodes of the esophagus, and the change of impedance (phase) was obtained by amplitude synchronous detection technique. At the same time, a thin tube is surgically inserted into the axillary artery to continuously measure blood pressure. The correlation between impedance (phase) and blood pressure was obtained. Both showed a very high correlation (R²=0.9665). It was also observed the waveform flowing from the left atrium into the left ventricle. When an individual infected with the avian influenza virus develops, the cytokine storms lead to hypotension earlier than the test for antigen-antibody reaction. In order to detect this, in the future, this impedance technique will be useful for screening individuals infected with avian influenza virus by measuring the blood pressure of chickens in cages in a non-contact manner using microwaves.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.107-116
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• 2015

In this study, we developed a rapid, sensitive and specific reverse-transcriptase loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay for detection of swine influenza viruse (SIV) including major subtypes of swine influenza viruses H1N1, H1N2 and H3N2, and a novel subtype of influenza A virus that accidentally infected in pig population. The RT-LAMP was completed in 40 min at $58^{\circ}C$ and the sensitivity of the RT-LAMP ($1copy/{\mu}L$) was 10-fold higher than conventional reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) ($10copy/{\mu}L$) and the same to real time RT-PCR ($1copy/{\mu}L$). Also, the result of the RT-LAMP can be confirmed without any detection system. Therefore, the RT-LAMP could be a alternative diagnostic method for SIV detection in national SIV monitoring system and clinical diagnostic laboratory in the future.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제69권3호
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• pp.207-211
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• 2010

Novel influenza A (H1N1) virus is a common pathogen of febrile respiratory infection recently. Here, we report the case of a 63-year-old male patient who presented with 3 days' ongoing cough and fever. He was diagnosed with novel influenza A (H1N1) pneumonia by real-time reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction (rRT-PCR). During treatment for novel influenza A (H1N1), his symptoms and radiologic findings improved initially, but multiple lung nodules developed subsequently and found on chest x-ray (on the 5th hospital day). Mycobacterium abscessus was isolated repeatedly from sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of Mycobacterium abscessus lung disease in a patient with H1N1 influenza pneumonia.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.109-118
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• 2004

Avian influenza(AI) is an epizootic disease of variable severity caused by type A influenza viruses of the orthomyxovirus group. Chickens were the most frequently affected avian species with AI viruses. There were many outbreaks of fowl plague, now known as highly pathogenic AI(HP AI), throughout the world since Perroncito described the fowl plague in 1978 in Italy. In recent years HPAI viruses of different serotypes such as H5, H7 and H9 has been isolated from humans on several occasions either related with outbreak of HPAI in birds or not. In 1997, one of the most noteworthy events in AI history was the human mortality with H5N1 HPAI virus infection in Hong Kong. Six persons of total 18 persons with clinical signs of influenza were died. Recently the human cases with mortality related with HP AI outbreaks in poultry industry has been increased such as outbreaks of HP AI throughout Asia countries including Korea, Japan, China, Vietnam, Thailand and others in 2003. Although these outbreaks revealed the capable of spreading from birds to human, the capability for transmission between people was not clear. Therefore, this report will review the possibility of HP AI infection in human associated with HPAI outbreak in poultry industry.

• 한국생물물리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물물리학회 1999년도 학술발표회 진행표 및 논문초록
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• pp.37-37
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• 1999

The influenza A viruses which are the most severe and common among the influenza viruses have 8 segmented RNA genomes Each RNA segment has highly conserved 3' and 5' terminal sequence except a single U\longrightarrowC variation especially in the 4 position of the 3' terminal of the 3 segments encoding own RNA polymerase.(omitted)

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제59권1호
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• pp.43-45
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• 2019

To establish appropriate conditions for a disinfectant efficacy test at subzero temperatures, this study examined mixtures of frozen foot-and-mouth disease virus or avian influenza virus solutions and disinfectant diluents at $-5^{\circ}C$ and monitored temperature and freezing status of an anti-freezing diluent (AFD, 15% ethanol + 30% propylene glycol + 55% distilled water) over time at various subzero temperatures. Viral solutions and disinfectant diluents froze before the mixtures reached $-5^{\circ}C$, whereas the AFD was not frozen at $-30^{\circ}C$. The times taken for the AFD to reach -10, -20, -30, and $-40^{\circ}C$ from room temperature were 36, 39, 45, and 48 min, respectively.