• 한국농공학회지
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.81-89
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• 1995

One of the most difficult problem to estimate the flood inflow is how to understand the effective rainfall. The effective rainfall is absolutely influenced by the condition of soil moisture in the watershed just before the storm event. DAWAST model developed to simulate the daily streamflow considering the meteologic and geographic characteristics in the Korean watersheds was applied to understand the soil moisture and estimate the effective rainfall rather accurately through the daily water balance in the watershed. From this soil moisture and effective rainfall, concentration time, dimensionless hydrograph, and addition of baseflow, the rainfall-runoff model for flood flow was developed by converting the concept of long-term runoff into short-term runoff. And, real-time flood forecasting model was also developed to forecast the flood-inflow hydrograph to the river and reservoir, and called RETFLO model. According to the model verification, RETFLO model can be practically applied to the medium and small river and reservoir to forecast the flood hydrograph with peak discharge, peak time, and volume. Consequently, flood forecasting and warning system in the river and the reservoir can be greatly improved by using personal computer.

• 한국방재학회 논문집
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.65-72
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 댐 붕괴로 인한 홍수파에 영향을 미치는 도시지역의 효과에 대해 두 가지 수리모형실험에 근거하여 수치적으로 분석되었으며, 계산된 지점별 수심은 측정결과와 비교적 잘 일치하였다. 첫 번째 수리모형실험에 대해 도시지역 전반부에서 상대적으로 높은 수심영역과 흐름의 지체현상이 발생하였으며, 홍수파의 원활한 전파에 큰 장애요소가 됨을 알 수 있었다. 두번째 수리모형실험에 대해서는 유입량의 증가에 따라 도시지역의 전반부에서 후반부로 전파될 때 수심은 급격히 감소하는 구간과 느리게 감소하는 구간으로 구별되며, 도시지역 전반부에 도달하는 홍수파의 최초시간은 유입량이 증가함에 따라 감소되는 경향을 나타내었다.

• 천문학회보
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.61.2-61.2
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• 2014

A non-axisymmetric mass distribution of galactic structures including bulge (or bar) causes gas inflow from the disk to the nuclear region, including intense star formation within few hundred parsecs of galactic central. In order to investigate the relation between the ellipticity of the bulge and the presence of a nuclear starburst, we use a volume-limited sample of galaxies with Mr < -19.5 mag at 0.02 < z < 0.05 from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 7. Total sample is 3252 spiral galaxies, which include nuclear starburst galaxies. We find that the occurrence of nuclear starbursts has a moderate correlation with bulge ellipticity of intermediate-type spiral galaxies (morphology classes Sab-Sb) in low galaxy number density environments and isolated regions where the distance between the target galaxies and the closest galaxies is relatively far. In high galaxy number density environments and interacting regions, close encounters and mergers between galaxies can cause gas inflow to the nuclear region even without the presence of non-axisymmetric bulges.

• 대기
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.449-459
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• 2015

Effects of buildings and topography on observation environment of surface wind in central regions of urban areas are investigated using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model. In order to reflect the characteristics of buildings and topography in urban areas, geographic information system (GIS) data are used to construct surface boundary input data. For each observation station, 16 cases with different inflow directions are considered to evaluate effects of buildings and topography on wind speed and direction around the observation station. The results show that flow patterns are very complicated due to the buildings and topography. The simulated wind speed and direction at the location of each observation station are compared with those of inflow. As a whole, wind speed at observation stations decreases due to the drag effect of buildings. The decrease rate of wind speed is strongly related with total volume of buildings which are located in the upwind direction. It is concluded that the CFD model is a very useful tool to evaluate location of observation station suitability. And it is expected to help produce wind observation data that represent local scale excluding the effects of buildings and topography in urban areas.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.53-59
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to develop a damper that protects against the dangers of tidal waves since there's no function to block the inflow of large amounts of water into the inside When natural disasters such as tidal waves occur. Therefore, it intended to derive the design data by simulating through flow analysis in order to predict the pressure that a damper configured to open and close manually or automatically receives. It examined the preceding researches first and conducted the flow analysis, to predict the force of the damper installed on the bottom of the building's outside to prevent the inflow of seawater into the inside when natural disaster occurring. As a result, it showed that, in the event of a tsunami, it moved about 170m and the time impacting the damper occurred within about eight seconds, and, at the moment, the damper door was pressured about 17bar. Also, it could identify that the load was approximately 900kN and the force by the fluid was applied to the damper door.

• 천문학회보
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.31.3-32
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• 2021

We quantify the relative role of galaxy environment and bar presence on AGN triggering in face-on spiral galaxies using a volume-limited sample with 0.02 < z < 0.055, Mr < 19.5, and σ > 70 km s-1 selected from Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 7. To separate their possible entangled effects, we divide the sample into bar and non-bar samples, and each sample is further divided into three environment cases of isolated galaxies, interacting galaxies with a pair, and cluster galaxies. The isolated case is used as a control sample. For these six cases, we measure AGN fractions at a fixed central star formation rate and central velocity dispersion, σ. We demonstrate that the internal process of the bar-induced gas inflow is more efficient in AGN triggering than the external mechanism of the galaxy interactions in groups and cluster outskirts. The significant effects of bar instability and galaxy environments are found in galaxies with a relatively less massive bulge. We conclude that from the perspective of AGN-galaxy coevolution, a massive black hole is one of the key drivers of spiral galaxy evolution. If it is not met, a bar instability helps the evolution, and in the absence of bars, galaxy interactions/mergers become important. In other words, in the presence of a massive central engine, the role of the two gas inflow mechanisms is reduced or almost disappears. We also find that bars in massive galaxies are very decisive in increasing AGN fractions when the host galaxies are inside clusters.

• Environmental Sciences Bulletin of The Korean Environmental Sciences Society
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.57-73
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• 1999

Baroclinic hydraulic model experiments on the time-varying states of the flow pattern and water exchange in Sagami Bay were carried out based on quasi-steady state experiments on the flow pattern. For the model experiments, density changes as well as time changes in the volume transport of the upper layer were executed to investigate the flow response of the bay in the case of a sudden inflow of low density water and variable volume transport into the Sagami Bay. The results of the model experiments showed that when the volume transport was increased frontal eddies or frontal wave streamers from the Kuroshio Through Flow were transferred to the inner part of the bay along with cyclonic circulation in the bay. In addition, density boundary currents appeared and flowed along the eastern boundary of the bay. As the upper layer density decreased, frontal eddies, frontal streamers and coastal boundary density currents occurred and proceeded along the eastern boundary of the bay at a high speed.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.395-405
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• 2004

The filling pattern and an adaptive grid refinement based on the finite element method and Eulerian mesh advancement approach have been developed to analyze incompressible transient viscous flow with free surfaces. The governing equation for flow analysis is Navier-Stokes equation including inertia and gravity effects. The mixed FE formulation and predictor-corrector method are used effectively for unsteady numerical simulation. The flow front surface and the volume inflow rate are calculated using the filling pattern technique to select an adequate pattern among four filling patterns at each triangular control volume. By adaptive grid refinement, the new flow field that renders better prediction in flow surface shape is generated and the velocity field at the flow front part is calculated more exactly. In this domain the elements in the surface region are made finer than those in the remaining regions for more efficient computation. Using the proposed numerical technique, the collapse of a water dam has been analyzed to predict flow phenomenon of fluid and the predicted front positions with respect to time have been compared with the reported experimental results.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제28권11호
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• pp.1348-1358
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• 2004

The filling pattern and an adaptive grid refinement based on the finite element method and Eulerian mesh advancement approach have been developed to analyze incompressible transient viscous flow with free surfaces. The governing equation fur flow analysis is Navier-Stokes equation including inertia and gravity effects. The mixed FE formulation and predictor-corrector method are used effectively for unsteady numerical simulation. The flow front surface and the volume inflow rate are calculated using the filling pattern technique to select an adequate pattern among seven filling patterns at each tetrahedral control volume. By adaptive grid refinement, the new flow field that renders better prediction in flow surface shape is generated and the velocity field at the flow front part is calculated more exactly. In this domain the elements in the surface region are made finer than those in the remaining regions for more efficient computation. The collapse of a water dam and the filling of a fluidity spiral have been analyzed. The numerical results have been in good agreement with the experimental results and the efficiency of the adaptive grid refinement and filling pattern techniques have been verified.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.5-19
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 편마암지역의 NATM 해저터널 막장 9개소에서 실시한 차수 주입홀 315공에 대한 주입재 주입량에 대하여 RMR 분류요소들과 주입재 주입량, 루전값과 RQD, 루전값과 시멘트 주입량의 상관관계를 분석하여 암반 차수 주입 효과를 연구하였다. 연구대상 해저터널에서 막장별 주입재 총주입량은 일부 막장에서 다소 변화폭은 있으나, 불연속면의 간격(R3, Js)과 지하수상태(R5)에서 분류요소의 평점이 높을수록 감소하는 것으로 나타났으며, 막장별 총주입량은 RMR 분류요소들보다는 탄성파탐사(3D, TSP)의 지질이상대 및 감지공의 유입량과 상관관계가 큰 것으로 나타났다. 단위주입량은 불연속면의 상태(Jc, R4)의 풍화도를 제외한 RMR 분류요소들에서 평점이 높을수록 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. RQD와 루전값은 상관관계가 크지 않으나, RQD 값이 클수록 루전값이 감소하는 경향을 확인할 수 있었다.