• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.25-30
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• 2010

For centuries, probiotics have been known to promote health and prevent diseases. In recent times, modulation of diseases related to the immune function by probiotics has been recognized as very important to the health of the host's gut. Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are the most frequently studied diseases in which probiotic administration has been tested as a potential therapy. Various in vitro and in vivo studies have been performed. The studies discussed in this review suggest several mechanisms: probiotics could modulate the gut microflora by competing with disease-causing pathogenic bacteria and could directly regulate the mucosal immune system, which activates the innate and adaptive immune systems. In addition, human clinical trials have shown alleviation of disease symptoms of ulcerative colitis (UC), Crohn's disease, etc. This study aimed to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying immune modulation by probiotics and review studies on the functional aspect of IBD alleviation by probiotics. With more scientific studies confirming the effect of probiotics, this therapy holds promise for use in alternative medicine and/or pharmaceutical preparations, given the long history of safe consumption of probiotics.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.81-85
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• 2018

Amyloidosis is a rare disease that results from the deposition of extracellular protein in various body tissues, causing progressive organ dysfunction. Secondary renal amyloidosis is a rare but serious complication of chronic inflammatory bowel disease, particularly in patients with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis. We report a case of secondary renal amyloidosis in a pediatric patient who reported a 16-year history of "very early onset inflammatory bowel disease". Intensive treatment including repeated infliximab infusions improved clinical parameters of inflammatory bowel disease, although renal dysfunction showed progression. Amyloidosis should be considered in patients with IBD, particularly if they suffered disease progression.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.43-50
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• 2000

Objective: To evaluate the usefulness of MR imaging for diseases of the small intestine, emphasizing a comparison with CT. Materials and Methods: Thirty-four patients who underwent both CT and MR imaging using FLASH 2D and HASTE sequences were analyzed. All patients had various small bowel diseases with variable association of peritoneal lesions. We compared the detectabilities of CT and MR imaging using different MR pulse sequences. The capability for analyzing the characteristics of small intestinal disease was also compared. Results: MR imaging was nearly equal to CT for detecting intraluminal or peritoneal masses, lesions in the bowel and mesentery, and small bowel obstruction, but was definitely inferior for detecting omental lesions. The most successful MR imaging sequence was HASTE for demonstrating bowel wall thickening, coronal FLASH 2D for mesenteric lesions, and axial FLASH 2D for omental lesions. MR imaging yielded greater information than CT in six of 12 inflammatory bowel diseases, while it was equal to CT in six of seven neoplasms and inferior in five of seven mesenteric ischemia. In determining the primary causes of 15 intestinal obstructions, MR imaging was correct in 11 (73%) and CT in nine (60%) patients. Conclusion: MR imaging can serve as an alternative diagnostic tool for patients with suspected inflammatory bowel disease, small intestinal neoplasm or obstruction.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.123-127
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• 2014

Interleukin-32 (IL-32) is a cytokine inducing crucial inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}(TNF{\alpha})$ and IL-6 and its expression is elevated in various inflammatory autoimmune diseases, certain cancers, as well as viral infections. IL-32 gene was first cloned from activated T cells, however IL-32 expression was also found in other immune cells and non-immune cells. IL-32 gene was identified in most mammals except rodents. It is transcribed as multiple-spliced variants in the absence of a specific activity of each isoform. IL-32 has been studied mostly in clinical fields such as infection, autoimmune, cancer, vascular disease, and pulmonary diseases. It is difficult to investigate the precise role of IL-32 in vivo due to the absence of IL-32 gene in mouse. The lack of mouse IL-32 gene restricts in vivo studies and restrains further development of IL-32 research in clinical applications although IL-32 new cytokine getting a spotlight as an immune regulatory molecule processing important roles in autoimmune, infection, and cancer. In this review, we discuss the regulation and function of IL-32 in inflammatory bowel diseases and rheumatoid arthritis.

• 대한방사선협회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.143-147
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• 2004

Colon study(Teleflator) is the simplest and most effective method for diagnosing colon disease. However, if bowel preparation is insufficiently done, diseases such as polyps, cancer and inflammatory bowel disease could be mistaken for lesions. As a result

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제11권sup2호
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• pp.67-71
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• 2008

최근들어 우리나라에서 소아 염증성 장질환 특히 크론병의 유병률이 매우 빠르게 증가하고 있다. 염증성 장질환의 진단을 위해 자세한 병력 청취와 혈액 검사 그리고 대장 내시경 검사가 필요하다. 대부분의 환자에서 복통, 설사, 체중감소, 혈변 등의 전형적인 증상을 보이지만 비전형적인 발현으로 장기간 진단에 어려움을 겪을 수 있어 주의를 요한다.

• Clinical Endoscopy
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• 제55권6호
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• pp.726-735
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• 2022

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has a global presence with rapidly increasing incidence and prevalence. Patients with IBD including those with ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease have a higher risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC) compared to the general population. Risk factors for CRC in patients with IBD include long disease duration, extensive colitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, family history of CRC, stricture, and prior dysplasia. Surveillance colonoscopy for CRC in patients with IBD should be tailored to individualized risk factors and requires careful monitoring every year to every five years. The current surveillance techniques are based on several guidelines. Chromoendoscopy with targeted biopsy is being recommended increasingly, and high-definition colonoscopy is gradually replacing standard-definition colonoscopy. However, it remains unclear whether chromoendoscopy, virtual chromoendoscopy, or white-light endoscopy has better efficiency when a high-definition scope is used. With the development of new endoscopic instruments and techniques, the paradigm of surveillance strategy has gradually changed. In this review, we discuss cutting-edge surveillance colonoscopy in patients with IBD including a review of literature.

• Clinical Endoscopy
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.480-488
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• 2022

Endoscopy is vital for diagnosis, assessing treatment response, monitoring and surveillance in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). With the growing importance of mucosal healing as a treatment target, the assessment of disease activity by endoscopy has been accepted as the standard of care for IBD. There are many endoscopic activity indices for facilitating standardized reporting of the gastrointestinal mucosal appearance in IBD, and each index has its strengths and weaknesses. Although most endoscopic indices do not have a clear-cut validated definition, endoscopic remission or mucosal healing is associated with favorable outcomes, such as a decreased risk of relapse. Therefore, experts suggest utilizing endoscopic indices for monitoring disease activity and optimizing treatment to achieve remission. However, the regular monitoring of endoscopic activity is limited in practice owing to several factors, such as the complexity of the procedure, time consumption, inter-observer variability, and lack of a clear-cut, validated definition of endoscopic response or remission. Although experts have recently suggested consensus-based definitions, further studies are needed to define the values that can predict long-term outcomes.

• 한국독성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국독성학회 2002년도 Current Trends in Toxicological Sciences
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• pp.43-43
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• 2002

Mass spectrometric study of oxidant damage: Generation of endogenous oxidizing species have been implicated in the pathogenesis of a wide variety of diseases from cancer to Alzheimer's Disease to Inflammatory bowel diseases. Antioxidant compounds may therefore be useful in treating or preventing these diseases.(omitted)

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.180-193
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• 2022

Pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (PIBD) is a multisystem disorder characterized by intestinal and extraintestinal manifestations and complications. Cerebrovascular events (CVE) are rare extraintestinal complications in patients with PIBD. Statistics show that 3.3% patients with PIBD and 1.3-6.4% adult patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) experience CVE during the course of the disease. Therefore, this study aimed to review the records of children with IBD who developed CVE during the course of the disease. We retrospectively reviewed 62 cases of PIBD complicated by CVE. The mean patient age at the time of thrombotic events was 12.48±4.13 years. The incidence of ulcerative colitis was significantly higher than that of Crohn's disease (43 [70.5%] vs. 13 [21.3%] patients). Most patients (87.93%) were in the active phase of IBD at the time of CVE. The mean time interval between the onset of IBD and CVE was 20.84 weeks. Overall, 11 (26.83%) patients showed neurological symptoms of CVE at disease onset. The most frequent symptom on admission was persistent and severe headaches (67.85%). The most common site of cerebral venous thrombosis was the transverse sinuses (n=23, 53.48%). The right middle cerebral artery (n=3, 33.34%) was the predominant site of cerebral arterial infarction. Overall, 41 (69.49%) patients who were mostly administered unfractionated heparin or low-molecular-weight heparin (56.09%) recovered completely. Patients with IBD are at a risk of thromboembolism. CVE may be the most common type of thromboembolism. Based on these findings, the most common risk factor for CVE is IBD flares. In patients with CVE, anticoagulant therapy with heparin, followed by warfarin, is necessary.