• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.20
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• pp.31-60
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• 1993

The purpose of this study is to analyze quantitatively the use of statistics, especially inferential statistics, in library and information science. Thus this study compared the use of statistics in library and information science with it in social work and education. The results of this study are as follows: First, the result is that, when the proportions of articles in each of the three categories of use are compared, library and information science is deficient in the use of inferential statistics and unusually productive of articles in 'No Statistics' category and 'Descriptive Statistics Only' category. Second, ANOVA showed no significant difference in the means for number of articles with no statistics and for articles with descriptive statistics only, but did show a statistically significant difference for the means for number of articles with inferential statistics. That is, the use of inferential statistics in library and information science was very less than the other subject areas. Third, a comparison of the numbers of various inferential statistics for each of the three subject areas indicated that the differences were not significant. This fact means that the quality of inferential statistics used in library and information science was similar to the other subjects.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.217-242
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• 2006

This Study reviewed 86 research articles using inferential statistics published in 2001-2004 in 4 korean core journals in the field of library and information science. Sampling methods, response rates and nonresponse bias, reliability test, and inferential statistic techniques used in the articles were critically reviewed and analyzed. Nonprobability sampling was mostly used. Average response rate was 74.47%. Parametric statistics were mostly used. Some misunderstandings in using each inferential statistics, especially Reliability Test, Multiple Regression, Factor Analysis, MDS, etc. were reported in this study.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.119-138
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• 2006

This Study analyzed the use of statistics in 1,768 research articles published in 2001-2004 in 4 korean & 6 English core journals in the field of library and information science. Korean journals made significantly less use of descriptive and inferential statistics. Of the 663 inferential statistics used in 345 of the 1768 articles, the most frequently used inferential technique was multivariate analysis. There was significant difference in inferential methods used in Korean & English journals, also in traditional library science journals and information science journals.

• School Mathematics
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.599-614
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• 2011

According to prior research studies, comparison of two data sets promote informal and formal statistical reasoning, which may mediate descriptive and inferential statistics. However, there has been relatively little attention given to the mediation of both descriptive and inferential statistics. We attempted to identify which statistical concepts or factors students used and how they applied concepts or factors to make decisions when they compared data sets. We also investigated the characteristics and changes of the view of concepts and factors. As a result, we identified that students paid attention to data value, center, spread, and sample, which are important factors of inferential statistics. Students' understanding of each factors were sometimes appropriate for inferential statistics, but sometimes not. From the results, we suggest instructional ideas for a task which can connect descriptive and inferential statistics.

• Research in Mathematical Education
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.243-266
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• 2013

Accompanied with ongoing calls for reform in statistics curriculum, mathematics and statistics teachers purposefully have been reconsidering the curriculum and the content taught in statistics classes. Changes made are centered around statistical inference since teachers recognize that students struggle with understanding the ideas and concepts used in statistical reasoning. Despite the efforts to change the curriculum, studies are sparse on the topic of characterizing student learning and understanding of statistical inference. Moreover, there are no tools to evaluate students' statistical reasoning in a coherent way. In response to the need for a research instrument, in a series of research study, the researcher developed a reliable and valid measure to assess students' inferential reasoning in statistics (IRS). This paper describes processes of test blueprint development that has been conducted from review of the literature and expert reviews.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.185-191
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• 2014

Statistical methods are frequently used in toxicology, yet it is not clear whether the methods employed by the studies are used consistently and conducted based on sound statistical grounds. The purpose of this paper is to describe statistical methods used in top toxicology journals. More specifically, we sampled 30 papers published in 2014 from Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Archives of Toxicology, and Toxicological Science and described methodologies used to provide descriptive and inferential statistics. One hundred thirteen endpoints were observed in those 30 papers, and most studies had sample size less than 10, with the median and the mode being 6 and 3 & 6, respectively. Mean (105/113, 93%) was dominantly used to measure central tendency, and standard error of the mean (64/113, 57%) and standard deviation (39/113, 34%) were used to measure dispersion, while few studies provide justifications regarding why the methods being selected. Inferential statistics were frequently conducted (93/113, 82%), with one-way ANOVA being most popular (52/93, 56%), yet few studies conducted either normality or equal variance test. These results suggest that more consistent and appropriate use of statistical method is necessary which may enhance the role of toxicology in public health.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.893-910
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• 2009

Abstract We can use R package as a statistical package on the statistical education for college students. R is an interactive mode package and graphical presentation tools are powerful in R. The greatest advantage is that R is a general public license package. We need to consider R package as a standard statistical package on the statistical education for college students. We can consider the applications of R for inferential statistics in elementary statistics course.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2013

Objectives : The purpose of the present study was to examine statistical methods used in articles published on the Korean Journal of Acupuncture from 2007 through 2012. Methods : Statistical methods and statistical packages used in original articles applied with descriptive statistics or inferential statistics were organized. Results : Out of a total of 195 original articles, 18 articles used descriptive statistics only and 177 articles used inferential statistics. 142 articles used 12 types of statistical packages. SPSS was used most at 97 times(63.4%). The number of descriptive statistical methods used was a total of 417 and among them 193 were presented as tables(46.3%) and 224 were presented as graphs(53.7%). The number of inferential statistics applied was a total of 256 and analysis of variance was used most at 90 times(35.2%). The number of parametric statistical methods used was a total of 170(75.6%) and that of nonparametric statistical methods used was a total of 55(24.4%). Analysis of variance and two sample t-test were most employed in both clinical and non-clinical research. The number of multiple comparison methods applied was a total of 67 and the number of Scheffe methods among them was most at 26 times(37.7%). Conclusions : In the present study, statistical methods used in the journal over the last six years were examined. The result of this study is considered to be a basic material to be referred to when evaluating the quality of the medical journal.

• Research in Mathematical Education
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.143-172
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• 2010

In this paper, we present an analysis of how students understand some statistical terms, mainly from inferential statistics, which are taught at the high school level. We focus our analysis on those terms that present more difficulties and are persistent in spite of having been studied until the college level. This analysis leads us to a hierarchical classification of responses at different levels of understanding using the SOLO theoretical framework.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.543-549
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• 2008

The ride comfort is more important according to train speedup. Generally it is defined as the vehicle vibration. There are many studies on evaluation method of ride comfort for railway. But the ride comfort for Korean high speed train (HSR 350x) has been assessed by statistical method according to UIC 5l3R. In this paper, the ride indices, which were measured in the Korean high speed train. have been analyzed and reviewed by using the inferential statistics such as t-test, variance analysis (ANOVA) and regression analysis.