• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.272-284
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• 2003

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to provide basic informations for the encouragements of premature infants' breast feeding. Method: From August 10 to October 9, 2002, we have carried out a statical research which surveyed 148 mothers of premature infants registered in NICU. The sample had generated cluster-randomly from 25 General Hospitals, all over the Korea peninsula and being surveyed with 74 questionnaires. Result: Mean hospitalized day of premature infants was 27.9 days. The mean total feeding period was 19.1 days and continuous breast feeding period 12.4days. They were interested in breast feeding education-they answered that they would join the breast feeding education if they were given the chance 87.8％. There was significant relation between babies fed only breast milk and the body weight of birth(p<.05). The reasons why mother gave the baby her breast milk include 'for her baby's health' and 'people said breast milk is good for babies' with a portion of 99％. The main reason why mothers could not execute breast feeding was 'the deficit of breast milk volume' 50.0％ and other reason were 'because of start to support more nutritions '18.2％, 'difficulty to carry out the breast milk to hospital'13.6％. The reasen why mothers could not try breast feeding at first were 'deficit of breast milk volume'37.0％, 'not to be prepared for breast feeding because of unexpected delivery'32.6％. Conclusion: We need a program to inform importance and excellent of the breast feeding and a plan to increase the premature infants' breast feeding through the importation of fortifier.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.481-489
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects on weight of premature infants when Yakson therapy was conducted by mothers and also to measure role confidence and role satisfaction of the mothers. Method: A non-equivalent control group non-synchronized design was used. The data were collected from January to July, 2005. Thirty preform infants and mothers were assigned to either an experimental (15) or a control group (15). Yakson therapy consists of three phases: laying on of hands, caressing by hands, and laying on of hands again, each phase taking 5 minutes. Yakson therapy was provided to infants in the experimental group for 15-minutes 5 times a day far 15 days. Infant weight, mothers' role confidence and satisfaction with role were measured for both groups. Results: Compared to the control group, weight gain of infants in the experimental group (t=2.05, p=.049) was significantly increased after 15 days. The experimental group also had significantly higher scores in mothers'.ole confidence (t=1.98, p=.038). Conclusion: The results suggest that Yakson therapy can be used to increase weight gain in preform infants and improve the role confidence of mothers.

• 부모자녀건강학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.1-17
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to recognized the sleep activity patterns of the normal infants in Korea. The subject were 41 normal infants who were below 8 weeks old and were born in Taegu city and Kyungbuk province. The measuring instrument the sleep activity was NCASA translated by the Korean-parent-child Health Academic Association. The data that were collected from April, 18 1999 to January 1, 2000 were analysed by the SPSS 7.5 program. The results of the study was summarized as follow; 1) The mean amount of total sleeping hours per day was decreased from $16.27{\pm}1.96$ hr at the 1st week, to $15.19{\pm}2.39$ hr at the 2nd week, to $13.66{\pm}2.40$ hr at the 3 week but increased to $16.55{\pm}5.77$ hr at the 4-8 week after birth. 2) The mean frequency of feeding was increased to $9.43{\pm}2.79$ times at the 3rd week but decreased to $7.55{\pm}1.23$ times at the 4-8th week after birth. 3) The regularity of day time sleep was decreased from 50.00% to 19.79% and that of night time sleep was increased from 51.79% to 72.92%. 4) The regularity of feeding was increased from 30.42% at the 1st week to 50.07% at the 2nd week but decreased 26.34% at the 4-8th week after birth. 5) The longest period of day time sleep was decreased to $2.39{\pm}0.42$ hr at the 3rd week but increased $2.47{\pm}0.69$ hr at the 4-8th week after birth. The longest period of night time sleep was decreased to $2.58{\pm}0.67$ hr at the 2nd week but increased to $3.00{\pm}1.32$ at the 3rd week and $4.30{\pm}1.16$ hr at the 4-8th week after birth. 6) At the 1st week, the 2nd week, the 3rd week after birth, the frequency of day time feeding was positively correlated with the frequency of night time feeding($R_{1week}=0.948^{**}$, $R_{2week}=0.927^{**}$, $R_{3week}=0.779^{**})$. At the 4-8th week after birth, the frequency of night time feeding was negatively correlated with the amount of night time sleep ($R_{4week-8week}=0.875^{*}$). On the basis of above findings, the following is suggested; It is need a longitudinal and transcultural study which are designed for children's sleep and feeding.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.67-83
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• 2011

The purposes of this study were to a develop a preventive tailored early intervention program and to investigate the effects of the program on the quality of parenting for low income families. The subjects were eighty five infants, aged 13 to 32 months, and their mothers. Of the 85 mother-infant dyads, 42 dyads were randomly assigned to the experimental group and 43 dyads to the control group. To prevent the risks of the adverse development of infants from low income families a tailored intervention program was created based upon the transactional model. This emphasized the quality of the home environment and of the daily mother-infant interaction. The risk factors were assessed and progress monitoring was undertaken for the preventive tailored intervention treatment. In order to assess the effects of the program, HOME, the NCAST Teaching Scale and the Parenting Stress Index/Short From were used. The collected data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, ANCOVA, and the McNemar test. The experimental group showed a significant increase in performance and higher scores than the control group on the scores from HOME, and the NCAST Teaching Scale and significant decrease and lower scores in the Parenting Stress Index(SF).

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.295-302
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• 2023

Objectives: In this study, existing knowledge and needs of childcare teachers for developing oral health education plans for infants and young children were investigated. Methods: From March to April 2023, an online questionnaire survey led to the collection of data from 150 childcare teachers. Data were analyzed using the SPSS 22.0 program. Results: Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) revealed that importance and knowledge of oral health education, importance of oral health, and prevention of oral diseases were priority areas, and treatment, symptoms, and causes were priority areas that needed improvement . According to the IPA on the importance of and demand for oral health education support, the importance and demand for an educational plan were both high. Expert education based on educational goals, information sharing, educational environment support, evaluation system, and monitoring was low in importance but high in demand. Conclusions: Oral care habits during infancy are important for maintaining oral health throughout life. Oral care practice should be improved by developing an oral health education plan for childcare teachers to implement.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.646-652
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• 2002

In this study, we selected supplementary vegetable resources to develpe nutritious supplementary model of korean formula for infants and children, purchased and analyzed it to use with a model. We also referred to an old book about Korean vegetable resources and searched a form of vegetable resources. There are a lot of vegetable resources of various kinds which lied scattered in mountains and fields of our country. As for these, a beyond compare menstruation activity component is becoming clear with a lot of things. It is thought that depth search and study of these vegetable resources and practical application to a infant and child supplemen is desirable. Therefore, we choosed vegetable resources ; a Capsella brusapastoris, a Codonopsis lanceolata, Dandelion, a wild plant, a Tractylis ovata(dried), a Tractylis ovata(native), a Pine plant, a burdock, a JanDae, a Plantain, a HollpDae, which gathered in our country, and we analyzied priximate aomposition of sample (moisture, ash, total carbohydrate, crude fat, crude protein, dietary fiber) and micronutrient contents of sample (calcium, Iron, flavonoids, vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E).

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.336-345
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was conducted to describe health in optimal fitness (HOF) in young children born prematurely and to analyze factors affecting HOF in health status, investment resources, and anthropological values, based on HOF theory. Methods: A case-control study of 76 children with preterm births (PTB) was conducted at 24 to 42 months of corrected age. Their HOF status was evaluated based on height, weight, head circumference, and the Korean-Bayley Scale of Infant Development-II and classified as either HOF-achieved or HOF-uncertain in the domain of growth, development, and all together. Results: For growth, development, and all, 26.3%, 27.6%, and 47.4% of children, respectively, belonged to the HOF-uncertain group. Logistic regression analysis showed that longer length of hospital stay (${\geq}21days$; OR=7.8; 95% CI [1.5, 40.5]), worse scores on the Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment (HOME) (${\geq}38$; OR=0.1; 95% CI [0.0, 0.4]), having a working mother, (OR=5.7; 95% CI [1.2, 27.6]), and an older mother (${\geq}35years$; OR=8.8; 95% CI [2.1, 37.3]) were statistically significant contributors of HOF-uncertain in the domain of all. Conclusion: Findings show that young children born prematurely with prolonged stays in a neonatal intensive care unit and insufficient socioeconomic resources at home are more likely to exhibit delayed growth and development.

• 아동학회지
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• 제1권
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• pp.40-64
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• 1980

The purpose of this study was to compare the different environment among the young children of large and small cities and rural areas in Korea, in order to know how these different environment have an effect on the children's intellectual and emotional development. For this subjects, 2,700 questionares with 51 items were distributed to the infants' mothers in each area to interview and answer. About 1,800 questionaires were gathered from 3 metropolitan, 6 cities and 6 rural areas in (each 2 farming, fishing and mining villages) The results of analyzing these questionaires were like following; 1. The average number of children of each family was 2.5 in large cities, 3.0 in small cities and 3.6 in the rural areas. 2. White about 75% of infants' parents of large cities graduated college education, only 6% of the rural parents did it. Most infants' parents of the rural areas have only graduated the elementary school. 3. About 90% of the rural, small and large cities family have had radios and T.V sets, and 90% of infants watched T.V program for 2 hours a day in average. 4. While about 50% of large cities' young children were not reared by their mother's milk but by milk and other foods, about 95% of rural infants by breasting mills. 5. Young children of large cities were wearing about 5 months earlier than those of the rural. 6. While 20% children of cities were taught in the kindergarten, most children of the rural areas could not be taught in the kindergarten. 7. About 45% young children of the rural areas and cities were understood and taught reading, writing letters and numbers by their parents, brothers and sisters before entering primary school. 8. While 50% young children of large cities have had pianos and were taught music in kindergarten or piano tutor's, most of the rural areas have not had pianos and could not be taught music. 9. Most children's favorite music songs were T.V signals or C.M songs in both the rural and cities. 10. While most children of cities have had lots of children's pictures or fairy tale books. most infants of the rural areas have had nothing or a few. 11. As lots of infants could not find their pleasure resorts of sport tools outside, they used to play in side streets or publicroads with their friends. 12. While most infant's parents in cities wanted to make their infants lawyer or medicine doctor, most parents in rural areas wanted to make their children teacher or technician. 13. About a half of Korean infants have had their own rooms or have lived in it together with their brother or sister. In conclusion, as children of large cities have had more various kinds of cultural circumstances than the rural areas in aspects of cultural institutions' tools and environment of their parents' education, books, toys, pleasure resorts and their own rooms, the intellectual development of the former could be considered to surpass those of the latter. In other words, the average IQ points of urban's young children are 10 point higher than those of the rural areas, which means the better circumstance would affect the infant's intellectual development. Therefore, the government must support to make good circumstances of the children in the rural areas.

• 아동학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.145-158
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• 2016

Objective: This study investigated the moderating effect of emotional dysregulation on the relationship between teacher efficacy and job stress among teachers in the Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC). Methods: The participants included 586 ECEC teachers from 99 centers in Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, Daejeon, Chungcheong-do, Jeolla-do, and Gyeongsang-do. The data were analyzed through frequencies, percentages, and Pearson's correlations using SPSS 21.0 (IBM Co., Armonk, NY). To analyze the moderating effect, Ping's (1996) two-step approach was used via AMOS 20.0 (IBM Co., Armonk, NY). Results: The main findings are as follows. First, the mean scores of ECEC teacher efficacy and job stress showed above the average, and the mean score of emotional dysregulation was the nearly average. Second, fit statistics indicated that the proposed model, as revised, provided an acceptable fit to the sample data. This proposed model showed that the emotional dysregulation of teachers in ECEC had a moderating effect on the relationship between teacher efficacy and job stress. Conclusion: These findings imply that the ECEC teachers showed the higher level of self-trust and self-confidence than average regarding their own work, and suffered from the work overload. Also, the positive and supportive working environment would help the ECEC teachers to reduce their emotional dysregulation. In addition, there was a moderating effect of the ECEC teachers' emotional dysregulation on the relationship between teacher efficacy and job stress. These findings imply that the workshop or counselling programs need to be provided to teachers in order to help control their emotion dysregulation and reduce their job stress.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제46권12호
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• pp.1271-1273
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• 2003

저자들은 5개월 영아에서 음순 유착이 관찰되어 에스트로겐 크림의 국소 도포와 도수 분리로 3주만에 호전을 보인 1례를 경험하였기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.