• Wind and Structures
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.225-240
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• 2013

The wind-induced vibrations of the mast arm of cantilever traffic signal structures can lead to the fatigue failure of these structures. Wind tunnel tests were conducted on an aeroelastic model of this type of structure. Results of these experiments indicated that when the signals have backplates, vortex shedding causes large-amplitude vibrations that could lead to fatigue failure. Vibrations caused by galloping were only observed for one particular angle of attack with the signals having backplates. No evidence for galloping, previously thought to be the dominant cause of fatigue failures in these structures, was observed.

• Korean System Dynamics Review
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.75-87
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• 2011

Congestion problems can be approached from the viewpoint of system dynamics theory. The relationship between road capacity and congestion can be explained by the 'relative control' archetype among four system archetypes suggested by Wolstenholme. There is a balancing feedback loop between road capacity and road congestion. However, there is another balancing loop between road congestion and car traffic volume, which keeps disrupting the equilibrium of the former loop. A system dynamics model, which is based on a partial adjustment model of induced traffic in the literature, is built to simulate three road building scenarios: 'Expanding investment', 'Balancing investment' and 'Frozen road investment' scenarios. The 'Expanding investment' scenario manages to drop congestion levels by 9% over 30 years, however, causing much higher emissions of $CO_2$ than other scenarios. The trade-off relationship between congestion levels and environmental costs must be taken into consideration for road investment policies.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.21-41
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• 2013

Wind-induced vibrations of mast arms of cantilever traffic signal structures can lead to fatigue failure. Two such structures were instrumented each with a sonic anemometer and a camera that records the motions of the tip of the arm. It was observed throughout this experiment that large amplitude vertical vibrations of mast arms with signals with backplates occur for the most part at low wind speed ranges, between 2 to 7 m/s, and as the wind speed increases the amplitude of the vertical vibrations decreases. The results of these experiments contradict the generally accepted belief that vortex shedding does not cause significant vibrations of mast arms that could lead to fatigue failure, which have been attributed to galloping in the past. Two damping devices were tested with mixed results.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.235-241
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• 2014

There are many traffic problems in a city such as parking, traffic jam caused by traffic induction facility. Therefore it is essential to demand for traffic demand management to building's owner whose building location causes traffic induction. According to the 90s traffic policy, government collects fee for traffic induction facility through traffic policy management and they encourage the building owner to join reduction of traffic jam program by reduction of traffic induction fee. However there are not many buildings owner joined this program because the program is not ghat beneficial. For example, if government set out parking guidance system (part of parking demanding system) in a city, it will reduce to 20% of traffic induced contributions but t can be used only once a year, so it is not efficient to used even it is valuable for about 10 years. In particular, according to the economic efficiency analysis, evaluate economically as net present value (NPV) to 2,160.44 million won, ratio of benefit/cost (B / C) to 2.44 during 10 years. Therefore this research will find out what is necessary for parking guidance system.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.111-117
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• 2015

Objectives The purpose of this case is to report the effect of Korean Medicine, especially Electro-acupuncture on strabismus of traffic accident induced abducens nerve paralysis. Methods Patient received Korean Medicine treatment such as acupuncture, electro-acupuncture & Herb-medicine. Patienst was treated with the electro-acupuncture at Right eye paralytic lateral rectus muscle lesions. The case was enforced 10 minutes using the PG-306 electro-acupuncture and applyed the low consequence wave of 1-8Hz. The improvement of the strabismus was observed. Results During ten weeks of treatment, patient's strabismus and diplopia were improved. Conclusions In this case, Electro-acupuncture on strabismus and diplopia of traffic accident induced abducens nerve paralysis was effective. The effectivity is depended on the time stimulation is performed.

• Magazine of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.152-161
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• 1994

Most widened bridges have been constructed by the joining-construction method that makes new and existing bridges structurally a single structure. Since the joining-construction method has several problems in design and construction viewpoint, this study is conducted in order to investigate the structural behaviors of RC slabs, which are widened and influenced by traffic-induced vibration of existing bridge during placing and curing of new concrete, with the prototype flexural strength test and FEM analysis. It was found that cracks are generated in construction joint at low applied load and that stress concentration at the joints and slips between steel bar and concrete are occured. But, the decreasing of load carrying capacity is negligible according to the traffic-induced vibration as well as the difference of construction method.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.351-360
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• 2022

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to report the efficacy of using Korean medicine treatment, for anxiety induced by chemotherapy and traffic accident. Methods: We treated a patient's anxiety with Korean medicine treatments (Yangshimtang-Gamibang, ear acupuncture, acupuncture, cupping, interferential current therapy, and herbal acupuncture therapy). To evaluate the results of this treatment, we measured the Beck Anxiety Inventory, EuroQol-Five Dimensions, Numeric rating scale, Neck Disability Index, Oswestry Disability Index, total sleep duration, time duration to fall asleep, and the number of wake-up times during sleep. Results: Improvements of the Beck Anxiety Inventory, EuroQol-Five Dimensions, Numeric rating scale, Neck Disability Index, Oswestry Disability Index, and total sleep duration were observed after the treatments. Conclusions: This study showed one case of a patient who received Korean medicine treatment for the anxiety induced by anticancer therapy and traffic accident, and improvement was observed.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.105-110
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• 1997

The need for special or high-rise building has made it necessary to fully understand the effects of wind forces on that. The objective of this study is to provide the information on the evalution of Wind-Induced Loads for the Inchon International Airport Traffic Control Tower Based on the results of this study, it can be found that the maximum base overturning moment getting by the dynamic model is higher than the static test one. And also, the assessment of serviceability comparing by the ISO-6897 is not appropriate. It is recommended that the reducing system of the wind-induced viberating is needed in this structure.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.10 no.2 s.35
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• pp.263-277
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• 1998

Recently, it is frequently reported that fatigue damages of deck slabs and floor systems of highway bridges occur under the conditions of increasing weight and traffic of heavy vehicles. These troubles are affected by dynamic wheel load of heavy vehicles running on roadway surface roughness with bump at expansion joint. It is required that this kind of traffic-induced vibration of highway bridges must be analyzed by using three-dimensional models of bridge and vehicle. In this study, the three-dimensional dynamic analysis is carried out, and dynamic responses of deck slab and wheel loads of moving vehicle are estimated according to different vehicle speeds and bump heights. Analytical responses of bridge deck slab are compared with experimental ones which were measured at Umeda entrance bridge of Hanshin Expressway in Osaka.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.502-506
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• 2007

Railway accidents/incidents occur because of many reasons. Human error by the railway staff or personnel takes a major part of those reasons. In order to reduce and prevent railway accidents/incidents, appropriate measures should be developed to remove root causes induced in human error. A systematic study for analysing causes of human errors and for developing an effective management is necessary. Detailed analysis of the railway traffic signaller's tasks should be preferentially performed for this purpose. This paper introduces the results of analysis for the types and characteristics of the railway traffic signaller's tasks. As a result of the analysis, the railway traffic signaller's tasks can be decomposed into 24 tasks in total, and also be divided into the general task and the emergency task. The railway traffic signaller's tasks are characterized to require continual confirmation and observation activities, and sometimes immediate decision and action.