• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
• /
• v.20 no.4
• /
• pp.39-51
• /
• 2018

In order to improve the housing environment and quality of life for the rural elderly, this study aims to identify and present the status of community centers, most widely used by the elderly in rural areas. Through the literature review, type and space elements of community centers were derived and selected three target areas were investigated. As a result of literature analysis, the space type of rural community centers were classified as indoor space and outdoor space. The indoor space types were classified as entry space, public space, sanitary space and the outdoor space were classified as entry space and leisure space. Some community centers were surveyed in Seocheon-gun, Wanju-gun, and Cheongju-city. Results indicate the indoor and outdoor space design and elements were undergoing a lot of inconvenience partly because standard design was considered and the space was not planned for the physical, psychological and social health of the rural elderly. Therefore, this study will be used as a basis for building healthier and more friendly residential environments that can enhance the health and quality of life for the elderly in rural areas.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.9-16
• /
• 2020

The trend emphasizes children-oriented, play-oriented ecological education programs for children's ecological education. And most of these nature -friendly and eco-friendly education takes place outdoors. Therefore, outdoor space planning is important in childcare facilities. This case study aims to analyze the actual conditions of outdoor spaces in daycare centers and to provide standard data for outdoor space planning. In order to provide basic data on the improvement direction and planning standards of outdoor spaces, this present study conducted the composition, utilization status and related problems of outdoor spaces for nature -friendly ecological education in childcare facilities. Accordingly, outdoor space planning for ecological education should consider outdoor space characteristics such as free and easy accessibility between indoor and outdoor spaces, openness of space, flexibility, dynamic/static space, and nature affinity. Therefore, for an ecological education environment, children should be able to freely approach nature and play in the natural environment without any restrictions and artificial controls. Also, in urban areas, natural environment such as parks and open spaces should be considered as outdoor play spaces for children.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.29-37
• /
• 2016

This research is studied changes of outdoor lavatories in use of detached houses in rural areas. Out of 40 houses studied in a 1995 survey, 23 houses were performed again in 2015. Number of lavatories installed in indoor and outdoor both in 1995 are more than in 2015. However, number of indoor lavatories in 2015 are more because outdoor lavatories were demolished. Among 23 houses, 15 outdoor lavatories have been installed in 13 houses. Out of these 15 lavatories, eight have been used continuously from 1995 through 2015. Currently four are used for other purposes, and five have demolished. Outdoor lavatories tend to be built in the rear of the housing site. Those located in rear tend to be demolished rather than in front side because of decreasing in use. In rural areas, outdoor lavatories not only serve as spaces to fulfill basic human needs, but are used to store agricultural tools. Changes of family composition and member also exert an influence. When family members were decreased, outdoor lavatories tended to be demolished. However, although family members were decreased, the reason that outdoor lavatories have been used continually is for exterior work or farming and temporarily increasing family members in holiday and family events. The more family members used, the more outdoor lavatories are managed well. The more houses where the aged reside in, the more outdoor lavatories are not improved.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.48 no.5
• /
• pp.89-106
• /
• 2020

This study examines the functionality and landscape design specifics of the outdoor space of representative commercial multi-complexes in Korea in order to overview the design trends of outdoor landscaping trends. Through surveying the composition of outdoor spaces along with their relation to the surrounding landscape, open spaces, and the neighboring communities, this paper identified the change in trends regarding the characteristics of outdoor landscape planning and acknowledged the enhanced public value of outdoor space. This study asserts that the characteristics of outdoor spaces can best be understood by examining the ways in which the outdoor space relates to adjoining commercial multi-complexes and the surrounding landscape. Focusing on the relationships that outdoor space establishes, commercial multi-complexes can be categorized as follows: in/outdoor separated type, in/outdoor semi-open type, surrounding landscape-projected type, and surrounding landscape-combined type. By studying the landscape design specifics of the outdoor space of representative cases of each type, the following has been concluded: First, the amount of outdoor space has expanded in terms of importance and function while serving to assist in various activities and participatory experiences, and no longer merely serves as a backdrop of commercial facilities. Second, with the strengthened connectivity between in/outdoor spaces, the elements of outdoor surroundings are more actively introduced indoors to improve amenities. Through directly connecting certain indoor program spaces with outdoor spaces, commercial multi-complexes tend to provide richer combined experiences. Third, with the expansion of outdoor space functionality, commercial multi-complexes are increasingly recognized as a quasi-public space, making good example of liminal space. In light of the recent case of development plans linked with public open spaces in suburban settings, commercial landscape design shows the possibility of creating an open space that can function as a center for local culture and green networks in the community.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
• /
• v.16 no.4
• /
• pp.855-875
• /
• 2007

The purpose of this study is to suggest a guideline for outdoor play settings in child care centers. From March to July, 2005, data were collected from 223 directors at child care centers through a structured questionnaire, field measurement survey and non-participatory observation in seventeen child care centers in Seoul and Daejeon. The statistical methods for analysing data were frequency, percentage, mean, $X^2$ and F-test. The results showed as follows: 1)the existing outdoor playground area in child care centers should be expanded more than $4\;m^2$ per child. 2) Outdoor play facilities should be equipped with two structured play sets, a play facility for unstructured play and an adventure facility to make child's various activities possible and to promote child development. 3)flooring materials for outdoor playground should be required to use more than three kinds such as solid coverings (cf. asphalt, standard concrete), wood, lawn, soil or sands. 4)to let children enjoy various activities, outdoor playground area should be composed of various play facilities like indoor play gyms and should be independent but have good connections between play facilities depending on characteristics of play activities. 5)Play spaces of outdoor playground should be composed of physical play space, unstructured and dramatized play space, rest space, space for nature and adventure space. In addition, appropriate play equipments should be provided in respective play space.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.115-127
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this study was to examine the characteristics of change in the composition of indoor spaces in Korean-style houses which have been repaired and improved extensively through the 'Bukchon Improvement Project' and are being utilized for public purposes. For this, we conducted a field survey through visiting the house sites from the 5th to the 26th of May, 2006. Conclusions drawn from this study are as follows. Bukchon Korean-style houses maintain centripetal space composition, in which the rooms surround the court. Centering on the court, the hierarchy of spaces is determined, and the hierarchy of spaces and the composition of internal layout are restructured centering on the court and the main hall without change in direction and position. The main hall is sometimes converted to a room, but it maintains an open space relation with other spaces centering on the court, and therefore, even after its use has been changed, it is still the most Korean-style space. In addition, with floor heating, the common sitting-style life is maintained continuously although the rooms have been converted and standing-style furniture is used. In this way, publicly promoted policies for Korean-style houses are allowed within the limit that the appearance is maintained and the internal spaces do not change the overall structure. However, in order to maintain the tradition of Korean-style houses and utilize them as various spaces, the following supplementations are necessary. First, the main hall and the inner court of a Koreanstyle house should be utilized actively. The court sometimes keeps individuals' privacy or expands the space by extending the view to outdoor spaces, and is sometimes used as an open space through interconnection between the inside and the outside of the house. Second, consideration should be given to vertical spaces. Horizontal expansion causes a change of floor plan. Thus, space should be secured using various cross-sectional changes, such as a kitchen and a loft over the kitchen. Third, structure should be changeable in order to adjust the size of spaces. Thus, through research on traditional windows, we need to develop changeable walls that can be installed and removed easily according to the use of spaces.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.275-284
• /
• 2017

As the 3D Greenery system is known to improve the urban environment, it works as new alternative for eco-friendly building and warrants further study for application to the domestic field. This study aimed to apply the design components for eco-friendly composition by investigating the spatial characteristics of the 3D Greenery System reflected in interior and exterior of buildings and to analyze the organization and design elements of domestic and foreign cases. The results showed that instances of the Greenery System tended to be a large scale and high-density development in order to expand various exterior spaces. Although its early forms were often found in such public facilities as exhibition and education purpose, cases of multi-unit dwelling have been growing. Allowing apartment residents to prefer intimate space by providing various such spaces for residential units and offering independent green spaces would induce diverse residents' lifestyles rather than monotonous design. The analysis also indicated that community space composed of various outdoor spaces and atmosphere would change life patterns of multi-housing and establish a real neighborhood through social interaction. Moreover, further investigation of the design patterns of outdoor space arrangement is needed since the Greenery system actively reflects the environmental characteristics of building sites and clearly shows a tendency to utilize natural terrain and slope in building shapes.