• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.33-41
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• 1996

This report present the result of the national survey of pediatric surgeons' preferences on diagnosis and treatment of Hirschsprung's disease(HD) carried out in 1993. The questionnaires were sent to twenty-seven members of the Korean Association of Pediatric Surgeons (KAPS) working in twenty-four institutions. The questionnaires were designed to determine the individual surgeon's preference for the methods of diagnosis and treatment of the disease. Twenty-three pediatric surgeons from twenty institutions returned completed forms. The total number of patients diagnosed with HD in 1992 was 190 in this group. The estimated incidence of HD was 1/3,900. The most important symptom was delayed meconium passing and the most preferred diagnostic procedure was barium study. Anorectal manometric examination was carried out by 13 pediatric surgeons and 19 confirmed the diagnosis before operation by rectal biopsy, 12 with full-thickness biopsy and 7 with suction. Frozen section biopsy during operation was done by 22 surgeons. Eight surgeons did one stage operation if the age of the patient is suitable. Definitive operation was usually done at the age of 6 to 11 months. The most preferred operation was Duhamel procedure done by 19. Enterocolitis was the most serious complication of HD. Most of patients had normal continence within 6 to 12 months after operation. The follow-up period was less than 6 years in 16 surgeons. The results were presented at the 9th annual meeting of KAPS in June of 1993. This is the first national survey of HD and it can provide guidelines of diagnosis and treatment of Hirschprung's disease even though it is not a detailed study of patient data.

• 트랜스-
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• 제7권
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• pp.19-48
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• 2019

본 연구는 대규모 인터뷰 작업을 통해 한민족이 가진 집단적 의식의 지형도를 담아내고자 하는 미디어전시작업 <70mK>의 의미를 고찰하기 위해 기술되었다. <70mK>는 개별 존재자들의 인터뷰 영상들을 마치 모자이크와 같은 배치와 형태로 편집, 구성된 영상전시물을 만들고 전시회를 개최하고 있다. 분할된 프레임 속의 개체들은 저마다의 생각과 개성을 드러내는 차이의 연속성을 보여준다. 이것은 개체들의 내재성이 동시다발적이고 총체적인 이미지로 구현된 공시적이고 의식적인 집단적 타자의 형상이다. 인터뷰 영상들은 실제 존재자로서의 자신의 형태를 드러내고 자신이 가진 특유의 내재성을 구술적인 정보로서 발산한다. <70mK>는 특정 집단이라는 동일선의 연장에서 이런 생명적 개체들의 형태와 정보를 미학적으로 구조화하여 새로운 개체화를 이루어낸다. 프레임 속의 존재자들, 각 개체들은 서로가 대화를 나누거나 소통하는 것이 아니라 카메라를 향한 전면 응시, 즉 작품을 관람하는 사람들을 향해 그들이 가진 전개체적 실재로서의 관계성과 개성을 전달한다. 그것은 각 개체들이 보여주는 이질성과 차이의 반복적 배치와 구성인 동시에 그 이면에 집단적 동일성을 내포한 연쇄 작용이다. <70mK>는 개성을 드러내는 인터뷰이들의 직접적인 이미지와 소리를 구조화하여 전시영상작품이라는 새로운 정보전달 방식의 형태를 이루어낸다. 이러한 점은 정신적이고 집단적인 개체화의 의미와 관개체적인 관계성의 의미와 과정을 은유하게 하고 지각하게 한다. 이것은 개체화라는 생성의 과정과 관계의 의미를 현대 기술과 함께 사유한 질베르 시몽동의 개체화론으로 설명하기 적합한 사례이다. <70mK>가 구축한 전시공간은 특정 집단의 개체들 사이를 관통하여 연결되는 정신적이고 집단적인 의미와 그 관계성을 미학적인 방법론으로 함의하고 있다. 시몽동은 개체화라는 과정에 대한 사유와 생성의 의미를 고찰하며 현대의 기술이 가진 가능성과 잠재력을 긍정한 철학자이다. <70mK>는 현대의 기술 매커니즘과 네트워크적 행위들이 매개되어 구조화되고 생성된 윤리적 실재성으로서의 새로운 개체이다. 그것은 기술이 협업 된 개체화 과정에 인터뷰가 어떻게 '변환' 작용으로 기능하는지에 대한 미학적이고 실천적인 방법론을 보여주는 사례이다. <70mK>가 보여주는 직접적인 이미지와 소리는 생명적 개체의 정보들이 운반, 증폭, 축적되며 발산하는 정보의 체계이자 정신적이고 집단적인 풍경으로서의 새로운 개체이다. 그것은 복수의 개체화를 통해 새롭게 생성된 전시예술작품에 내포된 개체초월적인 의미작용과 과정에 대한 하나의 표상이기도 하다. 개체화된 준안정적 상태로서의 미디어전시예술은 작품을 관람하는 이들이 동일한 전개체적 실재를 인지하고 정념적 감정을 느끼는 새로운 관계 맺기를 이끌어낸다. <70mK>의 전시공간은 의미작용의 표상을 넘어 관개체적 집단의 실질적인 가능성을 예비하는 무대가 된다.

• 초등상담연구
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.159-184
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• 2006

Lately, the rapid social and family system change, the entrance examination-centered circumstance in education have a negative influence not only on making up the affirmative self-esteem but also on building up the personal relationship through mutual communication with friends of the same age. Making children adapt well to school life and develop a good relationship in the class is an important subject in educational field. Thus, various school activities should offer lots of opportunities to increase their affirmative self-esteem and more specified performance-centered programs are required toform a harmonious relationship among parties of students. The purpose of this study is to improve an affirmative self-esteern and a desirable personal relationship of children through developing friend-praise program and adapting it to children. Based on the above purpose, the following subjects for this study 'are suggested. Firstly, is the friend-praise program effective in forming an affirmative self-esteem of elementary students? Secondly, is the friend-praise program successful in improving a desirable personal relationship in an elementary school? In addition, two hypotheses of study are decided on the basis of theoretical background and the former study. Hypothesis 1. The friend-praise program will have a meaningful effect on improving an affirmative self-esteem. Hypothesis 2. The friend-praise program will have a meaningful effect on improving a desirable personal relationship. In order to improve the above hypotheses, the experiment was carried out with two classes on the fourth grade in M elementary school in Wonju with being divided into one experimental group and the other comparative group. The friend-praise program which was adapted to the experimental group was composed with four steps as 'introduction', 'preparation', 'operation' and 'closing'. This program which has twelve categories was executed once or twice in a week and each class was continued for forty or sixty minutes. Contrastively, comparative group had no application of the main program. For the purpose of proving the hypotheses after adapting the program to students, I have executed both self-esteem test and personal relationship test. The tests were performed with using SPSS/Windows V10.0 and the statistic was conducted through independant sample t-test for the difference between groups and contrastive sample t-test for the individual difference in each group. The results of this study can be summarized like the followings: Firstly, from the result of previous and after tests, there was no meaningful change in the comparative group, but the experimental group showed meaningful difference in all categories of self-esteem(t=-4.496, p=.000). Especially, the general self-esteem(t=-3.216, p=.003), social self-esteem(t=-2.680, p=.012), homely self-esteem(t=-3.732, p=.001), and school self-esteem(t=-3.902, p=.000) showed a meaningful difference. At the same time, the experimental group also showed meaningful difference with the comparative group in self-esteem(t=-4.758, p=.000). Especially, the general self-esteem(t=2.581, p=.017), social self-esteem(t=3.160, p=.003), homely self-esteem(t=4.283, p=.000), and school self-esteem(t=4.110, p=.000) showed a meaningful difference. As a result of this experiment, the friend-praise program will have a meaningful effect on improving an affirmative self-esteem was proved. Secondly, there was no meaningful change in the comparative group, but the experimental group showed meaningful difference in all categories of personal relationship(t=-4.131, p=.000). Specifically, satisfaction(t=-2.113, p=.045), communication(t=-3.381, p=.002), confidence(t=-3.517, p=.001), intimacy(t=-3.958, p=.000), sensibility(t=-2.955, p=.006), openness(t=-4.318, p=.000) and interest(t=-2.941, p=.000) showed a meaningful difference. In the same instant, the experimental group also showed meaningful difference with the comparative group in all categories of personal relationship(t=3.897, p=.000). Especially, satisfaction(t=2.257, p=.003), communication(t=3.527, p=.001), confidence(t=3.704, p=.001), intimacy(t=3.904, p=.000), sensibility (t=4.382, p=.000), openness(t=2.648, p=.013) and interest(t=2.944, p=.006) showed a meaningful difference. Accordingly, the friend-praise program will have a meaningful effect on improving a desirable personal relationship was proved. Judging from all these results, we should provide primary students with various opportunities to take part in active programs which help them to set up their righteous sense of value, to solve their own problems and to develop their potentials. Consequently, many kinds of practice-centered program like the friend-praise program should be developed more systematically and teachers should apply all those programs to students according to their individual level and developmental stage.

• International Journal of Knowledge Content Development & Technology
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.17-29
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• 2012

All academic information on the web or elsewhere has its creator, that is, a subject who has created the information. The subject can be an individual, a group, or an institution, and can be a nation depending on the nature of the relevant information. Most information is composed of a title, an author, and contents. An essay which is under the academic information category has metadata including a title, an author, keyword, abstract, data about publication, place of publication, ISSN, and the like. A patent has metadata including the title, an applicant, an inventor, an attorney, IPC, number of application, and claims of the invention. Most web-based academic information services enable users to search the information by processing the meta-information. An important element is to search information by using the author field which corresponds to a personal name. This study suggests a method of efficient indexing and using the adjacent operation result ranking algorithm to which phrase search-based boosting elements are applied, and thus improving the accuracy of the search results of personal names. It also describes a method for providing the results of searching co-authors and related researchers in searching personal names. This method can be effectively applied to providing accurate and additional search results in the academic information services.

• 한국문헌정보학회지
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.411-430
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• 2014

중국의 구현당안관은 해당 구(區)와 현(縣)의 각 기관과 단체 및 개인의 당안과 사료를 수집 관리 및 보존하여 이용에 제공하는 기관이다. 이 연구는 지방자치단체 기록관에 대한 해외 사례연구의 일환으로 중국 북경지역의 16개 구현당안관을 조사 분석하였다. 구현당안관의 경영 측면으로 설립현황과 기능 및 기구에 대하여 조사 분석하였으며, 구현당안관의 당안 측면으로 당안의 수집범위와 수집방법 및 소장당안의 특징에 대하여 조사 분석하였다. 중국의 당안의 정보자원화 구축과 국가적 차원의 통합검색 시스템의 구축을 기대하며, 우리나라 지방자치단체 기록관 설립과 운영을 위한 해외 사례로 참고되기를 기대한다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2006년도 추계학술대회 논문집 전력기술부문
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• pp.198-200
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• 2006

This paper presents a development of an educational simulator of particle swarm optimization (PSO) and application for solving the test functions and economic dispatch (ED) problems with nonsmooth cost functions. A particle swarm optimization is one of the most powerful methods for solving global optimization problems. It is a population-based search algorithm and searches in parallel using a group of particles similar to other AI-based heuristic optimization techniques. In developed simulator, lecturers and students can select the functions for simulation and set the parameters that have an influence on PSO performance. To improve searching capability for ED problems, a crossover operation is proposed to the position update of each individual (CR-PSO). To verify the feasibility of CR-PSO method, numerical studies have been performed for two different sample systems. The proposed CR-PSO method outperforms other algorithms in solving ED problems.

• 한국항공우주법학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항공우주법학회 2008년도 제40회 국제학술발표대회
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• pp.121-140
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• 2008

Most compensation issues are regulated under domestic law where third parties are suffered damage from crushes of aircrafts or their falling objects. This issue was internationally recognized. A Convention to unify the rules of the law concerning damage caused by aircraft to the third parties on the surface was signed in May,1933( the 1933 Rome Convention) and it became effective in 1942. Later, modernization was carried out through the 1952 Rome Convention and the 1978 Montreal Protocol amending the 1933 Rome Convention. Ratifying States either to the Convention or to the Protocol is not as many as those States to the Warsaw Convention concerning air transport. In 1999, which was a turning point of changes of centuries from the twentieth century to the twenty first century, the Montreal Convention was passed to modernize the Warsaw Convention, and was quickly widespread. On September 11 2001, the coordinated simultaneous terror attacks occurred. In the circumstances, the issue modernizing the Rome Convention came up. Thus, workout under the initiatives of the Legal Committee of the ICAO is under operation to adopt new Rome Convention. In Japan, a study on the draft of the treaty was operated by which a working study group composed of experts from academy, industry and government was set up. This article, being based on that study, clarifies issues and gives future perspectives. This article presents author's individual views.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.236-246
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was done to develop a measurement tool for evaluation of continuing nursing education programs and to verify its validity for effective management and quality of education programs. Methods: The draft of the evaluation measurement was developed from consultation with professionals, focus group interviews targeting groups of nurses, and individual interviews with education program planners. After 6 professionals examined content validity, 46 items were retained. A pilotsurvey was conducted to confirm the time required to complete the questionnaire and the level of understanding of general content and each item in the questionnaire. Construct validity was verified through exploratory factor analysis of data from a survey with 44 items completed by 452 nurses and 59 education program planners. Results: The final evaluation measurement for continuing nursing education programs consisted of 6 evaluation factors and 36 evaluation items. The 6 evaluation factors included identifying program goals and target groups, program planning, performance, operation and management, program outcomes, and program effectiveness. Conclusion: The evaluation measurement for continuing nursing education programs developed in this study is considered suitable to utilize as an evaluation measurement of the quality of continuing education programs for nurses.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제24권10호
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• pp.993-999
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• 1991

Congenital cysts of the mediastinum are rare, but interesting lesions. Such cysts are important because they may produce distressing symptoms and because some have a malignant potential. Mediastinal cysts of foregut origin represent an important diagnostic group. Classified according to their anomalous embryonic origins they include pericardial, bronchogenic, esophageal, enteric, and nonspecific cysts. A series of 11 consecutive surgically treated cases from the Dep. of Thoracic & Cardiovascular Surgery in National Medical Center from Oct. 1959 to Dec. 1990, all successfully resolved without mortality. The 8 bronchogenic, 1 enteric, & 2 non specific cysts are included in this series. And 2 of 11 were asymptomatic patients presented. The clinical & pathological behavior of the individual cysts comprise a wide variety of patterns. Proper utilization of the many diagnostic tests available can accurately characterize the cysts. The exact histologic diagnosis, however, is rarely made prior to operation.

• KIEE International Transactions on Power Engineering
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• 제2A권3호
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• pp.89-94
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• 2002

In this paper, a protection system using a Multi-Agent concept for power distribution networks is proposed. Every digital over current relay(OCR) is developed as an agent by adding its own intelligence, self-tuning and communication ability. The main advantage of the Multi-Agent concept is that a group of agents work together to achieve a global goal which is beyond the ability of each individual agent. In order to cope with frequent changes in the network operation condition and faults, an OCR agent, suggested in this paper, is able to detect a fault or a change in the network and find its optimal parameters for protection in an autonomous manner considering information of the whole network obtained by communication between other agents. Through this kind of coordination and information exchanges, not only a local but also a global protective scheme is completed. Simulations in a simple distribution network show the effectiveness of the suggested protection system.