• 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.149-171
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• 2020

Purpose With the advent of the 4th Industrial Revolution, related technologies such as IoT, big data, and artificial intelligence technologies are developing through not only specific companies but also a number of unspecified developers called open collaboration. For this reason, it is important to understand the nature of the collaboration that leads to successful open collaboration. Design/methodology/approach We focused the relationship between the collaboration characteristics and collaboration performance of developers who participating in open source software development, which is a representative open collaboration. Specifically, we create the country-specific network and draw the individual developers characteristics from the network such as collaboration scope and collaboration intensity. We compare and analyze the characteristics of developers across countries and explore whether there are differences between indicators. We develop a Web crawler for GitHub, a representative OSSD development site, and collected data of developers who located at China, Japan, Korea, the United States, and Canada. Findings China showed the characteristics of cooperation suitable for the form of weak tie theory, and consistent results were not drawn from other countries. This study confirmed the necessity of exploratory research on collaboration characteristics by country considering that there are differences in open collaboration characteristics or software development environments by country.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.170-179
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to investigate the spatiotemporal cortical activation pattern and functional connectivity during visual perception of words. 61 channel recordings of electroencephalogram were obtained from 15 subjects while they were judging the meaning of Korean, English, and Chinese words with concrete meanings. We examined event-related potentials (ERP) and applied independent component analysis (ICA) to find and separate simultaneously activated neural sources. Spectral analysis was also performed to investigate the gamma-band activity (GBA, 30-50 Hz) which is known to reflect feature binding. Five significant ERP components were identified and left hemispheric dominance was observed for most sites. Meaningful differences of amplitudes and latencies among languages were observed. It seemed that familiarity with each language and orthographic characteristics affected the characteristics of ERP components. ICA helped confirm several prominent sources corresponding to some ERP components. The results of spectral and time-frequency analyses showed distinct GBAs at prefrontal, frontal, and temporal sites. The GBAs at prefrontal and temporal sites were significantly correlated with the LPC amplitude and response time. The differences in spatiotemporal patterns of GBA among languages were not prominent compared to the inter-individual differences. The gamma-band coherence revealed short-range connectivity within frontal region and long-range connectivity between frontal, posterior, and temporal sites.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.57-64
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• 2019

Purpose : This study was implemented to identify the risk conditions influencing suicidal ideation in a nationally representative sample of elderly South Koreans. Methods : Data from 1,152 men and 1,581 women aged 65 years or older were gathered from the 2013 and 2014 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey VI. All analyses were performed using SPSS. To determine significant correlations between risk condition and suicidal ideation, a t-test was used. Results : There were differences in suicidal ideation according to the following individual factors: age, educational background, marital status, economic activity, recognition of stress, experience of depression, and economic status. There were differences in suicidal ideation according to the following health-related factors: subjective health status, EQ-5D (EuroQoL-5 Dimensions), hours of sleep, and BMI. There were also differences in suicidal ideation according to the following disease-related factors: HTN, COPD, asthma, stroke, depression and osteoarthritis. Conclusion : The findings indicate that broad intervention programs should be distributed to prevent suicidal ideation. It is also recommended that programs be developed in a way that can help manage the variables identified in this study. Furthermore, follow-up studies should be conducted to verify the program.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.77-89
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• 2012

본 연구는 고등학교에 재학 중인 남녀 청소년을 대상으로 성별에 따라 청소년의 우울에 차이가 있는지를 살펴보고 개인요인과 가족 요인이 청소년의 우울과 어떠한 관련성을 가지고 있는지 파악하고자 하였다. 이러한 연구목적을 위해 서울시에 재학 중인 고등학교 2학년 800명을 대상으로 자료를 수집한 후 735부(남학생 342명, 여학생 393명)의 설문 자료를 최종 분석하였다. 본 연구에서 얻어진 결과를 분석한 결과, 청소년의 우울에서 성별에 따른 유의한 차이가 나타나 남자 청소년보다 여자 청소년이 우울을 더 많이 경험하는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 청소년의 우울에 영향을 미치는 요인은 자아존중감, 또래친구 관계, 부부 갈등으로 나타났고 자아존중감이 청소년의 우울을 가장 잘 예측하는 요인으로 나타났다. 그 다음으로는 또래친구 관계가 부정적일수록 그리고 부부 갈등 정도가 심할수록 청소년은 우울을 더 많이 경험하였다. 또한 남자 청소년은 자아존중감이 낮을수록, 부부 갈등이 심할수록, 또래친구 관계가 부정적일수록 우울을 더 많이 경험하였고, 여자 청소년도 자아존중감이 낮을수록, 또래친구 관계가 부정적일수록, 부부 갈등이 심할수록 우울을 더 많이 경험하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.85-92
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• 2012

It is a well-known phenomenon that vowel duration in English is generally longer before a voiced stop than a voiceless one. Past research has postulated that the closure duration of the voiceless stop is generally longer than that of the voiced stop and that the duration of a preceding vowel is determined complementarily by the closure duration of the stop. To shed further light on the phenomenon, this study examined fourteen native speakers of American English who read the monosyllabic words [bVC] (V = [i, ɪ, eɪ, ɛ, æ, ʌ, ɑ], C = [t, d]). First, we found that mean vowel duration was 38 ms longer before the voiced stop than the voiceless (mean duration ratio = 1.24). Second, mean closure duration of the voiced stop was only shorter by 5 ms compared to the voiceless stop (mean duration ratio = 0.97). Therefore, for our subjects, vowel duration was not determined complementarily by the closure duration of the following stop. Third, vowels with longer inherent durations (viz., tense, diphthong, and low vowels) tended to show larger duration ratios in the voiced and voiceless contexts than the vowels with shorter durations (viz., lax vowels). This indicates that the lengthening of inherently shorter vowels before a voiced stop is limited in order to avoid overlapping with longer vowels in the duration range. Fourth, there was no significant gender difference in vowel duration ratios in the contexts of voiced and voiceless stops. Finally, considerable individual differences were found in the vowel and consonant duration ratios.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제20권8호
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• pp.1258-1270
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• 2017

'Semantic gap' has been a year-old problem in automatic video summarization, which refers to the gap between semantics implied in video summarization algorithms and what people actually infer from watching videos. Using the external EEG bio-feedback obtained from video watchers as a solution of this semantic gap problem has several another issues: First, how to define and measure noises against ERP waveforms as signals. Second, whether individual differences among subjects in terms of noise and SNR for conventional ERP studies using still images captured from videos are the same with those differently conceptualized and measured from videos. Third, whether individual differences of subjects by noise and SNR levels help to detect topic-irrelevant shots as signals which are not matched with subject's own semantic topical expectations (mis-match negativity at around 400m after stimulus on-sets). The result of repeated measures ANOVA test clearly shows a 2-way interaction effect between topic-relevance and noise level, implying that subjects of low noise level for video watching session are sensitive to topic-irrelevant visual shots, while showing another 3-way interaction among topic-relevance, noise and SNR levels, implying that subjects of high noise level are sensitive to topic-irrelevant visual shots only if they are of low SNR level.

• 한국농림기상학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.140-152
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• 2017

기상청에서는 다양한 가뭄지수를 주기적으로 발표하고 있다. 하지만 이들 대부분은 기상학적인 가뭄지수로 농업적인 부분에 적용하기에는 어려운 부분이 있는 것이 사실이다. 본 연구에서는 전국 대표 지점에 대하여, 같은 기간 동안 기상학적 가뭄지수와 농업가뭄지수를 각각 계산하여 보고, 이를 비교하여 가뭄의 성격에 따른 지리적 분포의 차이와 특성을 분석하였다. 복수의 가뭄지수가 추정한 전반적인 가뭄의 양상은 비슷하였지만, 성격에 따른 모의 방식이 다른 것으로 인한 차이를 확인할 수 있었으며, 농업가뭄지수(ADI)는 기상학적 가뭄지수(SPI, PN)에 비하여 식물의 토양가용수분에 대하여 높은 정확도를 나타내었다. 또한 ADI를 바탕으로 분석한 최근의 가뭄발생 양상은 봄과 초여름의 경우 평년에 비해 최근에 가뭄의 강도가 심했으며, 가을과 겨울의 경우는 평년에 비해 약화되는 패턴을 보였다. 또한 내륙지방이 해안지방에 비해 최근의 가뭄 정도가 더 심했다. 분야별로 특화된 가뭄지수를 고려하는 것은 각각의 성격에 맞는 가뭄에 대한 대책마련에 도움이 될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2012

군중하중을 받는 현행 바닥진동 설계절차의 한계를 극복하기 위해서는 개인별 운동의 시간차와 운동성분에 내재된 위상의 불확실성이 고려되어야 한다. 개인의 운동에 관한 연구는 통계적 자료를 토대로 많은 연구가 진행되고 있는 반면, 군중 행동패턴에 관한 연구는 그 복잡성으로 인해 연구가 미흡한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 다양하고 복잡한 군중의 행동패턴을 개인 간의 위상을 반영한 하중모형을 제안한다. 모의실험을 통해 개인의 시간지연 값들을 난수로 발생시킨 후, 기준시간에 대한 시간 지연효과를 합산하였다. 본 연구에서 제안하는 위상의 합산으로 이루어진 계수는, 완전히 동기화된 군중의 경우에 대한 동기화 정도의 비를 나타낼 수 있다. 정의된 계수를 바탕으로 실제 일어날 수 있는 군중의 행동패턴을 분석하여 각각의 경우에 대한 계수 값을 제안하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 토대로 기존의 설계방식이 다룰 수 없었던 군중의 운동시 바닥구조의 응답을 합리적으로 반영할 수 있다.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.93-101
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• 2007

The purpose of the study was to offer basic documents to the textile fashion industry by investigating changes of figures followed by various factors as each other social and cultural environment regardless of the same race. The study conducted a questionnaire survey of Korean women and Korean women in Japan to twenties, forties and sixties. The study enforced measurement from February, 2006 to March, 2006 and from July, 2006 to August, 2006 with R. Martin's Measurement Method of Anthropometry in total 49 measurement items. Also, the study treated statistics of the documents with SPSS WIN 10.0 program. As the result which studied comparison of figures with basic statistics, t-test and more, the study got the following conclusion. Most of Korean women and Korean women residing in Japan have big individual differences in obesity, especially width, thickness, and girth of waist showed the largest variation proving considerable individual difference in waist. In a body measurement comparison, twenties, forties, and sixties of Korean women residing in Japan are higher in heights compare to Korean women, while Korean women have wider and thicker waists than Korean women residing in Japan. In a body difference comparison, categories that showed significant differences are 40's>20's>60's in order and twenties and sixties showed only small difference. In conclusion, Korean women have longer, wider, thicker and smaller waist than Korean woman residing in Japan. When divided by age groups, forties and sixties Korean women are longer in waist, shorter in heights, fatter in weights. Twenties have long waist similar to forties and sixties, but had no significant difference in heights and weights.

• 한국학교수학회논문집
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.177-188
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• 2000

Mathematics is extreme the differences of the scholarly attainments in comparison with other subjects at a middle school. Specially, the students at islands and places leave much to be desired the scholarly attainments standards of mathematics. Therefore, every school takes movement class according to level these days. And the small schools put in effect the cooperation of group work through the small groups. These classes are effective at the scholarly attainments extension to some degree, but each student is extreme the differences of scholarly attainments. On this, the small school was the subject of study at the present research and put in effect the cooperation of group work through the small groups. The students were divided in three groups; the top class, average, the low class, And they were offered the fitting textbooks matching the cooperation of group work and the opportunities of discovery learning fitting an individual ability and standard. Consequently, some educational materials were made, for example, question papers, commonness learning materials, choice learning materials. These materials were put in effect to the students to be able to succeed discovery learning. With this, the students were investigated an interest of mathematics and the influence giving at the studies attainment. And the students were put in effect the cooperation of group work through the small groups to improve uniformity and sturdiness of the mathematical education. The conclusion at the present research is as follows. 1) When the students put in effect the cooperation of group work through the small groups, the scholarly attainments of mathematics totally didn't display useful changes as improvement. However, the students of average and the low class gradually seemed to improve the scholarly attainments of mathematics as the help of the top class positively. 2) An individual and cooperation learning in the method of the cooperation of group work through the small groups displayed many changes at the learning attitude of the students by means of discovery learning thanks to the learning heads. 3) When the investigator put in effect the cooperation of group work through rather the small groups than the large groups, the numbers of the students experiencing interest about mathematics increased in 26% and this learning method should continue to progress.