• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제51권6호
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• pp.955-971
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• 2014

Large post-buckling behavior of Timoshenko beams subjected to non-follower axial compression loads are studied in this paper by using the total Lagrangian Timoshenko beam element approximation. Two types of support conditions for the beams are considered. In the case of beams subjected to compression loads, load rise causes compressible forces end therefore buckling and post-buckling phenomena occurs. It is known that post-buckling problems are geometrically nonlinear problems. The considered highly non-linear problem is solved considering full geometric non-linearity by using incremental displacement-based finite element method in conjunction with Newton-Raphson iteration method. There is no restriction on the magnitudes of deflections and rotations in contradistinction to von-Karman strain displacement relations of the beam. The beams considered in numerical examples are made of lower-Carbon Steel. In the study, the relationships between deflections, rotational angles, critical buckling loads, post-buckling configuration, Cauchy stress of the beams and load rising are illustrated in detail in post-buckling case.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.339-349
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• 2017

In this paper, a conventional refined plastic hinge analysis is improved to account for the effects of local buckling and lateral-torsional buckling. The degradation of flexural strength caused by these effects is implicitly considered using practical LRFD equation. The second-order effect is captured using stability functions to minimize modeling and solution time. An incremental-iterative scheme based on the generalized displacement control method is employed to solve the nonlinear equilibrium equations. A computer program is developed to predict the second-order inelastic behavior of space steel frames. To verify the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed program, the obtained results are compared with the existing results and those generated using the commercial finite element package ABAQUS. It can be concluded that the proposed program proves to be a reliable and effective tool for daily use in engineering design.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 2003년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.45-52
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• 2003

A finite element procedure to estimate ultimate strength of space frames considering spread of plasticity is presented. The improved displacement field is introduced based on inclusion of second order terms of finite rotations. All the nonlinear terms due to bending and torsional moment as well as axial force are precisely considered. The concept of plastic hinge is introduced and the incremental load/displacement method is applied for the elasto-plastic analysis. The initial yield surface is defined based on the residual stress and the full plastification surface is considered under the combined action of axial force, bending and torsional moments. The elasto-plastic stiffness matrices are derived using the flow rule and the normality condition of the limit function. Finite element solutions for ultimate strength of space frames are compared with available solutions and experimental results.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.733-743
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• 2018

This paper presents post-buckling responses of a simply supported laminated composite beam subjected to a non-follower axially compression loads. In the nonlinear kinematic model of the laminated beam, total Lagrangian approach is used in conjunction with the Timoshenko beam theory. In the solution of the nonlinear problem, incremental displacement-based finite element method is used with Newton-Raphson iteration method. There is no restriction on the magnitudes of deflections and rotations in contradistinction to von-Karman strain displacement relations of the beam. The distinctive feature of this study is post-buckling analysis of Timoshenko Laminated beams full geometric non-linearity and by using finite element method. The effects of the fibber orientation angles and the stacking sequence of laminates on the post-buckling deflections, configurations and stresses of the composite laminated beam are illustrated and discussed in the numerical results. Numerical results show that the above-mentioned effects play a very important role on the post-buckling responses of the laminated composite beams.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제66권1호
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• pp.27-36
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• 2018

The objective of this work is to analyze geometrically nonlinear static analysis a simply supported laminated composite beam subjected to a non-follower transversal point load at the midpoint of the beam. In the nonlinear model of the laminated beam, total Lagrangian finite element model of is used in conjunction with the Timoshenko beam theory. The considered non-linear problem is solved considering full geometric non-linearity by using incremental displacement-based finite element method in conjunction with Newton-Raphson iteration method. There is no restriction on the magnitudes of deflections and rotations in contradistinction to von-Karman strain displacement relations of the beam. In the numerical results, the effects of the fiber orientation angles and the stacking sequence of laminates on the nonlinear deflections and stresses of the composite laminated beam are examined and discussed. Convergence study is performed. Also, the difference between the geometrically linear and nonlinear analysis of laminated beam is investigated in detail.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.73-89
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• 1996

In Lagrangian mechanics, attention is directed at the body as it moves through space. The region occupied by the body is called a configuration. All body points are labelled by the position they would have if the body were to occupy a chosen reference configuration. The reference configuration can be regarded as an extra fictional copy where notes are kept. As the body moves and deforms, it is important to correctly observe the use of each configuration for computational purposes. The description of strain is particularly important. The present work establishes clearly the role of each configuration in total and in incremental forms. This work also details the differences between gradient and configurational calculus.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.18-25
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• 1994

In this thesis, the fatigue tests were performed on a series of reinforced concrete to Investigate the variation of strength and the safety of reinforced concrete structures under fatigue load. The specimens were of the same rectangular cross-section, of effective height 24cm and width 30cm and their span was 330cm. The three point loading system is used in the fatigue tests. In these tests, the fracture mode of reinforced concrete structures under fatigue load, relationship between the repeated loading cycles and the mid-span displacement of the specimens were observed. According to the test results, the following fatigue behavior of reinforced concrete specimens were observed. By increasing of the number of repeated loading cycles, the mid-span displacement became greater, however the Incremental amounts of the displacement were reduced. It could be also known that the inelastic strain energy of the doubly reinforced rectangular beams was larger than that of the singly reinforced rectangular beams as increasing the number of repeated loading cycles. Compliance of reinforced concrete structures tended to be reduced as increasing the repeated loading cycles, and the compliance of the doubly reinforced rectangular beams was generally smaller than that of the singly reinforced rectangular beams. Based on the above investigation, it could be concluded that the doubly reinforced rectangular beams under fatigue load were more efficient to resist the brittle fracture than the singly reinforced rectangular beams.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.13-21
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• 2022

Masonry constructions exhibit uncertain behaviors under dynamic effects such as seismic action. Complex issues arise in the idealization of structural systems of buildings having different material types and mechanical properties. In this study, the structural behavior of a vaulted masonry building constructed using full clay brick and lime-based mortar and sitting on consecutive arches was investigated by experimental and numerical approaches. The dimensions of the structure built in the laboratory were 391 × 196 cm, and its height was 234 cm. An incremental repetitive loading was applied to the prototype construction model. Along the gradually increasing loading pattern, the load-displacement curves of the masonry structure were obtained with the assistance of eight linear displacement transducers. In addition, crack formation areas, and relevant causes of its formation were determined. The experimental model was idealized using the finite element method, and numerical analyses were performed for the area considered as linear being under similar loading effect. From the linear analyses, the displacement values and stress distribution of the numerical model were obtained. In addition, the effects of tie members, frequently being used in the supports of curved load-bearing elements, on the structural behavior were examined. Consequently, the experimental and numerical analysis results were comparatively evaluated.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.197-208
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• 2000

최 등/sup 1)/은 total lagrangian formulation에 근거한 증분 평형방정식을 적용하고, 강도행렬 산정시 회전각의 2차항을 포함시켜 기하학적 비선형 해석시 해의 수렴성을 향상시켰다. 또한 등매개 쉘 유한요소의 단점인 전단구속 현상과 제로 에너지 모드가 발생하는 문제를 극복하기 위하여 가정 변형률장을 적용하여 보강된 판 및 쉘 구조의 비선형 해석법을 개발하였다. 본 연구에서는 잔류응력을 고려한 쉘구조의 극한강도 해석을 수행하기 위하여, 대변형거동과 함께 소성붕괴거동을 추적할 수 있는 알고리즘을 제시한다. 잔류응력을 고려한 증분평형방정식에 return mapping algorithm을 이용한 탄소성 해석법을 결합시켜서 보강된 판 및 쉘구조의 극한거동을 파악한다. 수치해석 예제를 통하여 본 연구에서 제시된 유한요소 및 비선형 해석 알고리즘에 대한 효율성 및 적용성을 확인하였다.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.227-233
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• 1992

3차원 편심 보요소의 기하학적 비선형 해석에서 증분 평형식을 유도하는 일반적인 방법의 대부분은 비선형을 고려한 가상일의 평형방정식을 선형화하는 방법으로, 회전증분이 미소하다는 가정에 의해서 선형화된 증분 평형식을 유도하고, 구조물의 변형이 일어나는 동안에 발생하는 유한회전의 영향은 반복계산의 과정에서 고려하는 방법이다. 그리고 유한회전을 고려하는 개선된 방법으로 Surana와 Onate 등에 의해서 개발되었는데, Surana는 비선형 절점함수를 가정하였고, Onate는 회전행렬의 관계식을 이차항까지 고려하여 비선형 증분 평형식을 유도하였다. 본 논문에서는 비선형 해석의 증분이론(incremental theory)을 도입, $^{t+dt}U_i$ 변위증분을 Talyer 급수로 2차항까지 전개하므로서 1차 선형항($U_L$)과 2차 유한회전항($U_R$)으로 표시하여 연속체운동의 비선형 증분평형식에서 유한회전의 영향을 고려하는 방법을 사용하였다. 이상의 해석방법에 따른 수치해석 결과는 Surana와 Onate등에 의하여 다루어진 예제와 비교 하였다.