• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.174-181
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• 1998

유기농법으로 관리하는 감귤원과 일반관리를 하는 감귤원 각 2곳씩 총 4곳에서 감귤원 토양내 arbuscular mycorrhizae(AM)균 포자를 동정하고 포자밀도와 은주밀감(탱자대목)과 잡초 뿌리의 AM균 감염율 변화를 96년 10월부터 97년 10월까지 2개월에 간격으로 조사하였다. AM균 포자는 Glomus속 3종(G. deserticola, G. vesiculiferum, G. rubiforme )과 Acaulospora속 1종 (Acaulospora sp.)이 동정되었다. AM균 포자밀도는 토양 100g당 10,000${\sim}$40,000개의 범위로 조사되었는데, 유기농 감귤원에서 훨씬 높았다. 모든 감귤원에서 12월에 포자밀도가 가장 낮았으나 가장 높은 시기는 유기농 감귤원에서는 4월이었지만 일반관리 감귤원에서는 2월 또는 4월이었다. 감귤뿌리의 AM균 감염율은 유기농 감귤원에서 연평균 27% 이상이었으며 4월과 10월에 가장 높고 8월에 가장 낮은 반면 일반관리 감귤원에서는 연평균 15% 미만이었으며 2월에 최고치를 보였고 최저치를 보이는 시기는 감귤원과 해에 따라 달랐다. 전체적으로 포자밀도와 AM감염율은 유기농법으로 관리하는 감귤원에서 높은 경향이 있었다. AM 감염율의 연중 변화는 sigmoid 곡선으로 나타나는데 겨울철에는 낮은 감염을 보이고 이른 봄부터 서서히 증가하여 4-5월경 최대 감염율을 보였으며 숙주식물의 영양생장이 끝나면서 감염율도 감소하였다. 토양중의 포자밀도 변화도 AM 감염율의 변화와 동일한 경향이었다. 토양중 유효인산과 유기물의 함량은 AM 감염율에 영향을 미치지 않았으며 토양 요인보다 식물 기후학적 요인의 영향이 더욱 중요하게 작용하는 것으로 판단된다. 감귤원에서 발생하는 잡초 중에서 콩과의 자운영과 쇠비름과의 쇠비름이 높은 AM 감염을 보였는데 이들은 AM균의 접종재료나 중식용 숙주식물로써의 이용 가치가 높을 것이다.

• 멤브레인
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.55-65
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• 2000

다공성 실리카 막을 졸겔법에 의해서 Si(${OC}_2H_5)_4-H_2O$ 로부터 제조하고, 막의 특성을 TG-DTA, XRD, IR, BET, SEN, TEM을 사용하여 조사하였다. 다공성 실리카 막 제조를 위한 Si(${OC}_2H_5)_4$ : $H_2O4$ : $H_2O$ : $C_2H_5{OH}$의 최적 몰비는 1 : 4.5 : 4 이었다. 100$^{\circ}C$~1100$^{\circ}C$~에서 열처리된 막의 비표면적은 3.8 $m^2$/g~902.3$m^2$/g 이었으며, 기공크기는 20$\AA$~50$\AA$이었다. 300$^{\circ}C$~~700$^{\circ}C$~범위에서 열처리된 막의 입자크기는 15nm~30nm이며, 열처리 온도가 증가하면 입자의 크기도 증가하였다. 이렇게 제조한 다공성 실리카 막으로 $H_2$/$N_2$ 혼합기체를 분리하는데 응용하였으며, 다공성 실리카 막에 의한 $H_2$/$N_2$혼합기체분리는 Knudsen flow와 surface flow에 의해서 일어나며 주로 surface flow에 의존하였다. 다공성 실리카 막의 $H_2$/$N_2$ 혼합기체에 대한 real separation factor($\alpha$)는 155.15 cmHg($\Delta$P)와 $25^{\circ}C$에서 5.17이었으며, real separation factor($\alpha$), head separation factor ($\beta$), tail separation factor$\bar{B}$)는 압력이 증가하면 증가하였다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.105-124
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• 1990

The purpose of this study is to investigate 1) the level of the city housewives' sense and behavior of wedding and ancestral service according to the background variables, 2) the relationship of the sense of wedding and ancestral service and behavior, and 3) what the most influential factors are. For the purpose of this study, 700 questionnaire were distributed to the housewives who live in Seoul and collected during the February 1989. And the measuring instruments are composed of 9 questions, 11 questions of the sense of wedding service, 12 questions of the sense of ancestral service, 11 questions of the behavior of wedding service, and 12 questions of the behavior of ancestral service. To obtain the sense and behavior of wedding and ancestral service scale, item analysis through Pearon's correlation and factor analysis, frequency distribution, percentile, mean, standard deviation, t-test, F-test, Pearson's γ, Paired-t-test, Duncan's Multiple Range Test, and Stepwise multiple Regression were used for data analysis. The major fidnigs are as follows: 1. The general tendency of the city housewives' sense of wedding service was modern. That of the city housewives' sense of ancestral service was the mid level of the traditional and the modern. According to background variable (ie: age, educational level, the number of children, the duration of marriage, religion, the existence of job, the existence of married son and daughter), the city housewives' sense of wedding service is different significantly. Accoring to background variable(ie: age, educational level, the average home income a month, the number of children, the duration of marriage, religion, the existence of married son and daughter), the city housewives' sense of ancestral service is different significantly. 2. The general tendency of the city housewives' behavior of wedding service was modern. That of the city housewives' behavior of ancestral service was somewhat modern. According to background variable(ie: age, educational level, the number of children, the duration of marriage, the existence of married son and daughter, the form of family), the city housewives' behavior of wedding service is different significantly. According to background variable(ie" age, educational level, the number of children, the duration of marriage, religion, the existence of job, the existence of married son and daughter), the city housewives' behavior of ancestral service is different significantly. 3. There were positive correlation between the city housewive' sense and behavior of wedding and ancestral service(P<.001). And the housewives' sense of wedding service was modernized than that of ancestral service, the housewives' behavior of ancestral service was modernized than that of wedding service. 4. The city housewives' sense of wedding service was the duration of marriage(β=-.226), influential factor. And influential factors on that of ancestral service were educational level(β=.250), the existence of married son and daughter(β=-.123), number of children(β=-.101). The influential factors on the city housewives' behavior of wedding service were age(β=-.193), the form of family(β=.097). And that of ancestral service were educational level(β=165), the number of children(β=-.157).

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.68-76
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• 1996

이 연구에는 틱장애에서 나타나는 공통적 특징을 파악하고 경과 및 예후를 평가하기 위하여 Yale Global Tic Severity Scale(YGTSS)을 이용하여 1984년 1월에서 1994년 8월까지 동산의료원 정신과를 방문한 IS세 이하 틱장애 환자들 중 추적 조사가 가능한 30명을 대상으로 $3.1{\sim}18.1$년 조사하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 발병 연령은 $7.5{\pm}2.4$세였으며, 병원을 방문하기까지 틱장애의 지속 기간은 $2.3{\pm}2.2$년이었다. 처음 병원 방문시 증상 부위별 빈도는 눈(66.7%), 음성 틱(43.3%), 입(40%), 머리 (40%), 어깨(20%), 얼굴(20%), 코(20%), 팔(16.7%), 배(13.3%), 다리(13.3%)의 순서였으며, 추적조사시에는 음성틱(40%)과 눈과 머리(각각 20%)에서 많이 나타났다. 처음 발병시 9명 (30%)에서는 유발인자가 있었다. 틱장애와 동반된 다른 질환으로 주의력결핍과잉운동장애가 9명, 수면장애 3명, 상동적운동장애(손톱 물어뜯기), 발달성언어장애, 과잉불안장애, 야뇨증, 정신지체가 각각 2명, 말더듬기 및 강박성장애 1명이 관찰되었다. 대상 환자 30명중 11명 (36.7%)에서 완전호전, 11명(36.7%)이 부분호전되었으며, 나머지 8명(26.7%)은 증상이 지속되거나 악화되었다. 틱 증상 혹은 이차적인 불안이나 우울로 인해서 사회생활을 할 수 없는 경우는 4명 (13.3%)이었다. 증상의 호전과 발병 나이, 처음 방문시의 진단, 추적조사 기간과는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었고 나이의 증가에 따라 증상이 호전되는 경향이 관찰되었다.

• 대한임상독성학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.107-114
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• 2016

Purpose: The incidence of glufosinate poisoning is gradually increasing, and it can be fatal if severe poisoning occurs. However, factors useful for predicting the post-discharge neurological prognosis of patients who have ingested glufosinate have yet to be identified. Our objective was to evaluate the utility of the acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE) II score measured in the emergency department for predicting the neurological prognosis. Methods: From April 2012 to August 2014, we conducted a retrospective study of patients who had ingested glufosinate. The outcome of the patients at discharge was defined by the Cerebral Performance Category Score (CPC). The patients were divided into a good prognosis group (CPC 1, 2) and a poor prognosis group (CPC 3, 4, 5), after which the APACHE II scores were compared. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test and the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve from patients determined calibration and discrimination. Results: A total of 76 patients were enrolled (good prognosis group: 67 vs poor prognosis group: 9). The cut-off value for the APACHE II score was 12 and the area under the curve value was 0.891. The Hosmer and Lemeshow C statistic x2 was 7.414 (p=0.387), indicating good calibration for APACHE II. Conclusion: The APACHE II score is useful at predicting the neurological prognosis of patients who have ingested glufosinate.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.33-36
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• 2000

Objectives: Angiocentric T-cell lymphoma of the head and neck is an angiocentric and angiodestructive lymphoreticular proliferative disorder. It has been treated with various treatment modalities, but its prognosis is poor and the treatment modality is controversial. We performed this study to suggest a treatment modality with improved results. Materials and Methods: We studied 40 cases of pathologically confirmed angiocentric T-cell lymphoma from July 1984 to December 1996, 35 cases of which showed complete response after initial treatment. All the patients were divided into two groups according to treatment modality. 15 cases received radiotherapy alone (Group I) and 20 cases received radiotherapy after five cycles of CHOP-Bleo chemotherapy(Group II). We analyzed the subsites of tumor, stage, treatment modality and treatment outcome and causes of failure for each group, and compared the three-year no evidence of disease(NED) between the two groups. Results: The three-year NED of a combined chemoradiotherapy was higher than that of a radiotherapy alone (p=0.0478). The three-year NED according to groups and stage were as follows: Group I=6/15(40.0%), stage IE=5/10(50.0%), stage IIE=1/5(20%), Group II=13/20(65.0%), stage IE=9/13(69.2%), stage IIE=4/7(57.1%). Radiotherapy alone is not well effective for the nasal cavity lymphoma extended to paranasal sinus and the palate. Conclusion: We are unable to provide clear guidelines for treatment, but recommend the initial treatment with oral alkylating agents and steroids followed by radiotherapy for Ann Arbor stage II tumors and stage I of the palate lymphoma and the nasal cavity lymphoma extended to paranasal sinus.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제50권9호
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• pp.566-573
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• 2012

Purpose : This study evaluated the impact of the presence and aspect of mandibular third molars to the mandible angle fracture or condyle fractures in Korean. Materials and Methods : A retrospective study was designed for patients attending the division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kang-dong sacred heart hospital for treatment of mandibular fracture from January 2006 to September 2010. The primary variable was the presence of mandibular third molar and the secondary variable was the aspects of third molar impaction. Mandibular third molars were classified by the impaction depth and the available space as Pell & Gregory system. Outcome variables were the presence of mandibular angle fracture or condyle fracture. Also the source of trauma, age, sex were studied. Hospital charts, radiographs were used for study. Statistic analysis was done with descriptive statistics, the X2-test, linear-by-linear association. P value under 0.05 was considered significant statistically. Results : The number of involved patients was 86. The ratio of male to female patients was about 9:1 for angle fracture and 7:3 for condyle fracture. The most common source of trauma was assault for angle fracture and fall down for condyle fracture. The presence of mandibular third molar increased frequency of angle fracture and decreased condyle fracture with larger impaction depth. But available space of mandibular third molar did not show high association with angle or condyle fractures. Conclusion: Preventive extraction of mandibular third molar is recommended for patients with high risk of angle fracture. Male patients at their third decade or martial artists, police officer could be the case. But it is not recommended for patients with low risk of angle fracture and high risk of condyle fracture relatively. Elder female patients without any symptom on their third molar could be the case.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.296-301
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• 2016

메기(Silurus asotus)의 껍질로부터 항균성 펩타이드를 정제하였다. 메기 껍질의 산 추출물은 단계적 농도구배조건으로 Sep-Pak C₁₈에 의해 부분적으로 정제되었으며, 그 중에서 특히 60% 메탄올 분획(RM60)이 Escherichia coli D31에 대해 가장 좋은 항균활성을 나타내었다. 이 RM60을 사용하여 이온교환 및 5단계의 연속적인 역상 HPLC로 정제하였다. 정제된 펩타이드의 분자량과 아미노산 서열분석은 MALDI-TOF MS와 에드만 분해법으로 분석하였다. 이 펩타이드의 분자량은 약 4182.1 [M+H]⁺이었으며, 분석된 이 물질의 부분적인 일차구조서열은 다음과 같다; PALXXKARREAKVKF. 이러한 결과는 메기의 껍질에서 존재하는 이 펩타이드가 메기의 껍질에서 반응하는 선천성 방어 시스템에서 중요한 역할을 하고 있다고 여겨진다.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.29-34
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• 1987

건조 표고버섯의 위생적이고 안전한 품질 보존법 개발을 위하여 현행 방법인 ethylene oxide 훈증처리와 감마선조사가 저장 상대습도에 따른 시료의 미생물 및 조리시 재수화성과 관능적 특성에 미치는 영향을 비교 검토하였다. 일반 곰팡이의 생육한계 수분 환성도인 0.80과 내건성 곰팡이의 생육한계 최저 수분활성도인 0.64에 해당하는 건조 표고버섯의 평형 수분함량은 $25^{\circ}C$에서 17%, 27%였다. 건조 표고버섯의 미생물 오염은 전세균이 $1.27{\times}10^5/g,\;곰팡이가\;4.80{\times}10^3/g이며,\;대장균군은\;1.20{\times}10^2/g$이 검출되었는데 3 kGy의 감마선조사로서 2-3 log cycles 정도 격감되었고, 대장균은 완전 살균되었으며, 5 kGy 조사로서는 미생물 검출 한계 이하로 살균되어 실온에서 3개월 저장 후에도 이들의 생육은 거의 없었는데 반해 ethylene oxide 처리구는 곰팡이의 살균이 다소 불충분하였다. ethylene oxide 처리와 감마선조사된 건조 표고버섯의 수화도는 각 시험구 모두 첨지온도와 조사선량이 높을수록 흡수속도가 빨랐으며, ethylene oxide 처리구가 충분한 수화에 도달하기 위해서는 조사구에 비해 더 많은 시간이 필요하였다. 또한 조리적성 검토를 위한 관능 실험 결과에서 시료의 풍미는 처리구간에 유의적인 차이가 나타나지 않았으며, 조직감에서는 감마선조사구가 타 처리구에 비해 우수함을 보였다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제26권12호
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• pp.733-740
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• 2016

$Al_2O_3$ nanosol dispersed under ethanol or N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone(NMP) was studied and optimized with various dispersion factors and by utilizing the silane modification method. The two kinds of $Al_2O_3$ powders used were prepared by thermal decomposition method from aluminum ammonium sulfate$(AlNH_4(SO_4)_2)$ while controlling the calcination temperature. $Al_2O_3$ sol was prepared under ethanol solvent by using a batch-type bead mill. The dispersion properties of the $Al_2O_3$ sol have a close relationship to the dispersion factors such as the pH, the amount of acid additive(nitric acid, acetic acid), the milling time, and the size and combination of zirconia beads. Especially, $Al_2O_3$ sol added 4 wt% acetic acid was found to maintain the dispersion stability while its solid concentration increased to 15 wt%, this stability maintenance was the result of the electrostatic and steric repulsion of acetic acid molecules adsorbed on the surface of the $Al_2O_3$ particles. In order to observe the dispersion property of $Al_2O_3$ sol under NMP solvent, $Al_2O_3$ sol dispersed under ethanol solvent was modified and solvent-exchanged with N-Phenyl-(3-aminopropyl)trimethoxy silane(APTMS) through a binary solvent system. Characterization of the $Al_2O_3$ powder and the nanosol was observed by XRD, SEM, ICP, FT-IR, TGA, Particles size analysis, etc.