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The Effects of Board Training and Complex Training on Ankle Stability in Taekwondo Students with a History of Ankle Sprain (기구운동과 복합운동이 발목염좌 경험이 있는 태권도학과 학생의 발목 안정성에 미치는 효과)

  • Kim, Woo-Won;Cho, Kyung-Sook
    • Journal of muscle and joint health
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.182-191
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    • 2011
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare the effects of board training and complex training on ankle stability in taekwondo college students with a history of ankle sprain. Methods: Twenty-seven taekwondo college students were randomly assigned into a board training (BTG, n=9), complex training (CTG, n=9), or control groups (CG, n=9). BTG carried out disk and trampoline training 3 times a week for 8 weeks. CTG carried out resistive and plyometric training 3 times a week for 8 weeks. All subjects completed ankle stability test for static and dynamic balance in anterior/posterior and medial/lateral stability with New Balance System (BIODEX Medical System, USA). Results: There were no significant differences between three groups in ankle stability. Those who participated in BTG significantly improved static balance of left foot in anterior/posterior stability, and dynamic balance of both feet in mediolateral stability, but there were no change in CTG. Conclusion: Board training is more improved ankle stability in taekwondo college students with a history of ankle sprain than complex training.

Board Level Drop Simulations and Modal Analysis in the Flip Chips with Solder Balls of Sn-1.0Ag-0.5Cu Considering Underfill (언더필을 고려한 Sn-1.0Ag-0.5Cu 조성의 솔더볼을 갖는 플립칩에서의 보드레벨 낙하 및 진동해석)

  • Kim, Seong-Keol;Lim, Eun-Mo
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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    • v.21 no.2
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    • pp.225-231
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    • 2012
  • Drop simulations of the board level in the flip chips with solder joints have been highlighted for years, recently. Also, through the study on the life prediction of thermal fatigue in the flip chips considering underfill, its importance has been issued greatly. In this paper, dynamic analysis using the implicit method in the Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is carried out to assess the factors effecting on flip chips considering underfill. The design parameters are size and thickness of chip, and size, pitch and array of solder ball with composition of Sn1.0Ag0.5Cu. The board systems by JEDEC standard is modeled with various design parameter combinations, and through these simulations, maximum yield stress and strain at each chip are shown at the solder balls. Modal analysis is simulated to find out the relation between drop impact and vibration of the board system.

Study on Consolidation Behaviors of Soft Ground by Plastic Board Drain Using Model Tests (실내모형실험에 의한 Plastic Board Drain이 적용된 연약지반의 압밀거동에 관한 연구)

  • You, Seung-Kyong;Hong, Won-Pyo;Yoon, Gil-Lim
    • Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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    • v.4 no.4
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    • pp.17-23
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    • 2003
  • Accurate prediction of consolidation behaviors of the soft ground improved by plastic board drains is not easy because the consolidation characteristics of the improved ground has not been fully elucidated yet. The shape of drains is one of the most important factors which affect the consolidation characteristics of the improved ground. In this paper, a series of model consolidation tests of soft clay ground improved by plastic board drain were carried out, in order to investigate the effect of both plastic board width and stress level on consolidation characteristics of the improved ground. As the results, behaviors of both settlement and excess pore pressure dissipation were elucidated. Also, the non-uniform distribution of water content in the model ground was obtained. Then, in order to investigate the effect of vertical drainage on the consolidation behavior in the model tests, the comparison between experimental consolidation behaviors and Barron's theoretical ones were carried out. As the results, it was elucidated that the consolidation behavior in the model tests was affected not only by radial drainage but also by vertical drainage.

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A Study on the Implement of Image Recognition the Road Traffic Safety Information Board using Nearest Neighborhood Decision Making Algorithm (최근접 이웃 결정방법 알고리즘을 이용한 도로교통안전표지판 영상인식의 구현)

  • Jung Jin-Yong;Kim Dong-Hyun;Lee So-Haeng
    • Management & Information Systems Review
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    • v.4
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    • pp.257-284
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    • 2000
  • According as the drivers increase who have their cars, the comprehensive studies on the automobile for the traffic safety have been raised as the important problems. Visual Recognition System for radio-controled driving is a part of the sensor processor of Unmanned Autonomous Vehicle System. When a driver drives his car on an unknown highway or general road, it produces a model from the successively inputted road traffic information. The suggested Recognition System of the Road Traffic Safety Information Board is to recognize and distinguish automatically a Road Traffic Safety Information Board as one of road traffic information. The whole processes of Recognition System of the Road Traffic Safety Information Board suggested in this study are as follows. We took the photographs of Road Traffic Safety Information Board with a digital camera in order to get an image and normalize bitmap image file with a size of $200{\times}200$ byte with Photo Shop 5.0. The existing True Color is made up the color data of sixteen million kinds. We changed it with 256 Color, because it has large capacity, and spend much time on calculating. We have practiced works of 30 times with erosion and dilation algorithm to remove unnecessary images. We drawing out original image with the Region Splitting Technique as a kind of segmentation. We made three kinds of grouping(Attention Information Board, Prohibit Information Board, and Introduction Information Board) by RYB( Red, Yellow, Blue) color segmentation. We minimized the image size of board, direction, and the influence of rounding. We also minimized the Influence according to position. and the brightness of light and darkness with Eigen Vector and Eigen Value. The data sampling this feature value appeared after building the learning Code Book Database. The suggested Recognition System of the Road Traffic Safety Information Board firstly distinguished three kinds of groups in the database of learning Code Book, and suggested in order to recognize after comparing and judging the board want to recognize within the same group with Nearest Neighborhood Decision Making.

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Studies on the new manufacturing process and physical, mechanical properties of barkboard (수피(樹皮)보드의 새로운 제조방법(製造方法)과 그 물리기계적(物理機械的) 성질(性質)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究))

  • Lee, Hwa-Hyoung
    • Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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    • v.17 no.4
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    • pp.26-34
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    • 1989
  • This study was carried out to manufacture bark board from oak bark by new processes and to examine the physical and mechanical properties of the board. This process with no addition of adhesive used higher pressure and temperature than the conventional one and was applied with or without paraformaldehyde. The results are as follows: 1. The new manufacturing process allowed a good bark board with high absorption coefficient. 2. The best manufacturing process for the mechanical properties of bark board was paraformaldehyde 10%-$250^{\circ}C$-100kg/$cm^2$-3 minutes, (bending strength 40kg/$cm^2$, internal bonding strength 2kg/$cm^2$) and the best manufacturing process for both the mechanical properties of bark board and economic point of view was $250^{\circ}C$-100kg/$cm^2$-3 minutes (bending strength 28kg/$cm^2$, internal bonding strength 1.52kg/$cm^2$). 3. Bark board showed specific gravities from 0.94 to 1.03 and air dried moisture content 9.2% to 11.7%, but Bark board needed paraffin wax emusion treatment. 4. The absorption coefficient of bark boards had two peaks along with frequency; one in 200-400 cps, the other 1200-2000 cps. The former was low but the latter great.

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Bisphosphonates-related osteonecrosis of the jaw in Korea: a preliminary report

  • Lee, Jeong Keun;Kim, Kyung-Wook;Choi, Jin-Young;Moon, Seong-Yong;Kim, Su-Gwan;Kim, Chul-Hwan;Kim, Hyeon-Min;Kwon, Yong-Dae;Kim, Yong-Deok;Lee, Dong-Keun;Min, Seung-Ki;Park, In-Sook;Park, Young-Wook;Kook, Min-Suk;Park, Hong-Ju;Baek, Jin-A;Park, Jun-Woo;Kwon, Tae-Geon
    • Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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    • v.39 no.1
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    • pp.9-13
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    • 2013
  • Objectives: Bisphosphonates (BP) are widely used in medicine for inhibiting bone resorption; however bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) is a major side effect of BP. To date, there have been no specific reports on the incidence of BRONJ among Koreans. This study investigated the preliminary results from a nationwide survey of BRONJ in the Departments of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (OMFS) at individual training hospitals. Materials and Methods: A total of 15 OMFS departments (10 from dental schools, 4 from medical schools, and 1 from a dental hospital) participated in a multi-centric survey. This study assessed every BRONJ case diagnosed between January 2010 and December 2010. The patient age and BP type were evaluated. Results: A total of 254 BRONJ cases were collected. The majority of BRONJ cases were associated with oral BP therapy, while 21.8% of the cases were associated with intravenous administration. Alendronate was the drug most frequently related to BRONJ (59.2% of cases), followed by risedronate (14.3%) and zolendronate (17.0%). The average age of BRONJ patients was $70.0{\pm}10.1$ years, with a range of 38-88 years of age. With the number of BP patients in Korea reported to be around 600,000 in 2008, the estimated incidence of BRONJ is at least 0.04% or 1 per 2,300 BP patients. Conclusion: The results suggest that the estimated incidence of BRONJ in Korea is higher than the incidence of other countries. Future prospective studies should be carried out to investigate the exact epidemiological characteristics of BRONJ in Korea.

Development of Rice Hull Insulation Board using Urea Formaldehyde Resin (요소수지(尿素樹脂) 연질(軟質) 왕겨보드의 개발(開發))

  • Lee, Hwa-Hyoung;Kang, Chun-Won
    • Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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    • v.26 no.4
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    • pp.50-55
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    • 1998
  • This study was carried out to develop low density board made of rice hull which needs proper use. Urea formaldehyde adhesive(UF) was used. The raw materials were the mixtures of the rice hulls from IllFum, DongGin, ChuChong, etc. The physical and mechanical properties of rice hull insulation board were examined. The results are as follows : For the thickness of 15mm of the low density rice hull board bonded with UF resin, proper manufacturing conditions were $171^{\circ}C$ of hot pressing temperature with thickness bar for optimum density, 12 percent of resin solid contents of rice hull ovendry weight, and 20 minutes of hot pressing time. These conditions meet Korean standards(KS 3201-1982) in relation to free formaldehyde emission, bending strength, water absorption and heat resistance.

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SAMPLING BASED UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS OF 10 % HOT LEG BREAK LOCA IN LARGE SCALE TEST FACILITY

  • Sengupta, Samiran;Dubey, S.K.;Rao, R.S.;Gupta, S.K.;Raina, V.K
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • v.42 no.6
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    • pp.690-703
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    • 2010
  • Sampling based uncertainty analysis was carried out to quantify uncertainty in predictions of best estimate code RELAP5/MOD3.2 for a thermal hydraulic test (10% hot leg break LOCA) performed in the Large Scale Test Facility (LSTF) as a part of an IAEA coordinated research project. The nodalisation of the test facility was qualified for both steady state and transient level by systematically applying the procedures led by uncertainty methodology based on accuracy extrapolation (UMAE); uncertainty analysis was carried out using the Latin hypercube sampling (LHS) method to evaluate uncertainty for ten input parameters. Sixteen output parameters were selected for uncertainty evaluation and uncertainty band between $5^{th}$ and $95^{th}$ percentile of the output parameters were evaluated. It was observed that the uncertainty band for the primary pressure during two phase blowdown is larger than that of the remaining period. Similarly, a larger uncertainty band is observed relating to accumulator injection flow during reflood phase. Importance analysis was also carried out and standard rank regression coefficients were computed to quantify the effect of each individual input parameter on output parameters. It was observed that the break discharge coefficient is the most important uncertain parameter relating to the prediction of all the primary side parameters and that the steam generator (SG) relief pressure setting is the most important parameter in predicting the SG secondary pressure.

Optimum Design of Packaging Container for Bulk Materials(I)-Algorithm Development (벌크화물용 포장용기의 최적 설계(I)-알고리즘 개발)

  • Park, Jong-Min;Kwon, Soon-Goo
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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    • v.6 no.1
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    • pp.1-11
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    • 2000
  • In optimum design of packaging container for bulk materials, minimum board area, compression performance and distribution efficiency must be considered. In this study, mathematical models for minimum board area (RMA), compression strength (CS) and maximum compression strength per unit board area (MCSA) of container as algorithm for optimum design of packaging conatiner for bulk materials were developed as follows : RMA=f(V,D), ${\alpha}_{RMA}=f(V,D)$, MCSA=f(V,D), and ${\alpha}_{MCSA}=f(V,D)$. In order to develop these models, compression test according to various dimensions of container and response surface analysis for minimum board area, compression strength, and maximum compression strength per unit board area of container were carried out. In developed models, volume and depth of container were principal independent variables. Through the verified results for these models, optimum design of packaging container on the design conditions and limit conditions was possible. These models might be used in developing optimum design software of packaging container for bulk materials.

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An estimated angle of attack of a cambered otter board in a bottom trawl using three dimensional position (저층 트롤에서 3차원 위치를 이용한 만곡형 전개판의 영각 추정)

  • Go, Gwang Su;Chol, Bong Kon;Bae, Jae Hyun;Cho, Seong-Ok;Won, Sung-Jae;Yoon, Hong Keun;Park, Hae-Hoon
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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    • v.51 no.1
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    • pp.26-34
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    • 2015
  • The angle of attack of a cambered otter board in a bottom trawl was estimated using a three-dimensional semi-analytic treatment of a towing cable (warp) system that was applied to the field experiments of a bottom trawl obtained by the Scanmar system. The equilibrium condition of the horizontal component and vertical component of forces was used to the three forces acting on the otter board in the horizontal plane. Those forces were the force on the warp at the bracket, hydrodynamic lift and drag forces on the otter board and the force on the hand rope attached just behind the otter board. Also the equilibrium of moment about the front edge of the otter board was used to find out the angle of attack of the cambered otter board. When the warp length was 120m and 180m long and the towing speed was between 1.23 and 1.90 m/s, the estimated angle of attack of the cambered otter board was ranged between $26.1^{\circ}$ and $29.6^{\circ}$, respectively, though the maximum lift force was at the angle of attack $22.6^{\circ}$. The angle of attack of the otter board was tended to increase weakly with the longer length of warp (180 m) at the same towing speed in the experiment.