• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.102-108
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• 2020

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: In Oriental medicine, certain foods may be beneficial or detrimental based on an individual's constitution; however, the scientific basis for this theory is insufficient. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of body constitution, based on the Sasang type of Korean traditional medical classification system, on the bioavailability of soy isoflavones of Cheonggukjang, a quick-fermented soybean paste. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A pilot study was conducted on 48 healthy Korean men to evaluate the bioavailability of isoflavone after ingestion of food based on constitution types classified by the Sasang typology. The participants were classified into the Taeeumin (TE; n = 15), Soyangin (SY; n = 15), and Soeumin (SE; n = 18) groups. Each participant ingested 50 g of Cheonggukjang per 60 kg body weight. Thereafter, blood was collected, and the soy isoflavone metabolites were analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Ntrikinetic analysis of individual isoflavone-derived metabolites was performed. RESULTS: Our nutrikinetic analysis identified 21 metabolites derived from isoflavones in the blood samples from 48 healthy Korean men (age range, 21-29 years). Significant differences were observed in the time to maximum concentration (T_max) and elimination half-life (t_1/2) for nine metabolites among the three groups. The T_max and t_1/2 of the nine metabolites were higher in the SE group than in the other groups. Moreover, the absorption rates, as determined by the area under the plasma-level curve (AUC) values of intact isoflavone, were 5.3 and 9.4 times higher in the TE group than in the SY and SE groups, respectively. Additionally, the highest AUC values for phase I and II metabolites were observed in the TE group. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that isoflavone bioavailability, following Cheonggukjang insgestion, is high in individuals with the TE constitution, and relatively lower in those with the SE and SY constitutions.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.689-697
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• 2005

Hydrogen peroxide is a reservoir of OH radical which is the powerful oxidant in the atmosphere. Therefore, the status of the oxidizing atmosphere could be reflected on the concentration of $H_{2}O_{2}$. In this study, the distribution of $H_{2}O_{2}$ was determined during the intensive aircraft measurements over the Yellow sea in March, December 2002, April, November 2003 and March, October 2004. Flights covered from $124^{circ}E\;to\;129^{circ}E\;and\;35^{circ}N\;to\;37^{circ}N$, and extending to 3,000 m. The flight patterns were set properly to assess the altitudinal and longitudinal distribution for $H_{2}O_{2}$. $H_{2}O_{2}$ was extracted onto aqueous solution using a continuously flowing glass coil and analyzed by a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) accompanied with a fluorescence detector using postcolumn enzyme derivatization. Mixing ratios of $O_{3},\;NO_{x}\;and\;SO_{2}$ were measured in real time by commercial analysis instruments. Along the heights, the maximum concentration of $H_{2}O_{2}$ appeared around 1,500 m then gradually decreased with increasing altitude. The vertical behavior of ozone showed the similar trend to $H_{2}O_{2}$. The mean mixing ratio of $NO_{x}$ was about 2 ppbv and not showed clear vertical distribution patterns. The mean value of was the same as $NO_{x}$ however $SO_{2}$ appeared extreme concentration in low altitude. $H_{2}O_{2}\;and\;O_{3}$ showed even longitudinal distribution however $NO_{x}$ mixing ratio in land ($127^{circ}E$) was much higher than over the sea. $SO_{2}$ rather decreased with increasing longitude. $H_{2}O_{2}$ was in inverse proportion to $NO_{x}$ in spring and summer and $SO_{2}$ in spring, which indicated its significant role to NO and $SO_{2}$ oxidation pathways.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.59 no.3
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• pp.252-262
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• 2014

Sorghum seed is traditionally used as secondary food sources in addition to rice in Korea. While the hypoglycemia regulating phytochemicals have been found in sorghum seed, peptides related with hypoglycemia never been studied before. To obtain the peptide characteristics and the specifically high-expressed peptides in hypoglycemic sorghum seed, peptide profiles of seven hypoglycemic and five non-hypoglycemic sorghum lines bred in RDA were determined using surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF MS). The twelve sorghum lines exhibited 104 peptides on CM10 protein chip array (weak cation exchange) and 95 peptides on Q10 (weak cation exchange) in the molecular mass range from 2,000 to 20,000 Da. Heat map via supervised hierarchical clustering of the significantly different peptides (p < 0.01) in peak intensity among the 12 lines effectively revealed the specifically upregulated peptides in each line and distinguished between 7 hypoglycemic and 5 non-hypoglycemic lines. Through the comparison with hypoglycemic and non-hypoglycemic lines, 10 peptides including 2231.6, 2845.4, 2907.9, 3063.5, 3132.6, 3520.8, 4078.8, 5066.2, 5296.5, 5375.5 Da were specifically high-expressed in hypoglycemic lines at p < 0.00001. This study characterized seed peptides of 12 sorghums and found ten peptides highly expressed for hypoglycemic sorghum lines, which could be used as peptide biomarkers for identification of hypoglycemic sorghum.

• Atmosphere
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.511-523
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• 2019

A new Korean Meteorological Administration (KMA) airborne measurement platform has been established for regular observations for scientific purpose over South Korea since late 2017. CRDS G-2401m analyzer mounted on the King Air 350HW was used to continuous measurement of CO₂, CH₄ and CO mole fraction. The total uncertainty of measurements was estimated to be 0.07 ppm for CO₂, 0.5 ppb for CH₄, and 4.2 ppb for CO by combination of instrument precision, repeatability test simulated in-flight condition and water vapor correction uncertainty. The airborne vertical profile measurements were performed at a regional Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) Anmyeon-do (AMY) station that belongs to the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) and provides concurrent observations to the Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT) overpasses. The vertical profile of CO₂ shows clear altitude gradient, while the CH₄ shows non-homogenous pattern in the free troposphere over Anmyeon-do. Vertically averaged CO₂ at the altitude between 1.5 and 8.0km are lower than AMY surface background value about 7 ppm but higher than that observed in free troposphere of western pacific region about 4 ppm, respectively. CH₄ shows lower level than those from ground GAW stations, comparable with flask airborne data that was taken in the western pacific region. Furthermore, this study shows that the combination of CH₄ distribution in free troposphere and trajectory analysis, taking account of convective mixing, is a useful tool in investigating CH₄ transport processes from tropical region to Korean region in winter season.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.37-51
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• 2009

The nuclear power industry in the world has recognized the importance of integrating non-technical and team skills training with the technical training given to its control room operators to reduce human errors since the Three Mile Island and Chernobyl accidents. The Nuclear power plant (NPP) industry in Korea has been also making efforts to reduce the human errors which largely have contributed to 120 nuclear reactor trips from the year 2001 to 2006. The Crew Resource Management (CRM) training was one of the efforts to reduce the human errors in the nuclear power industry. The CRM was developed as a response to new insights into the causes of aircraft accidents which followed from the introduction of flight recorders and cockpit voice recorders into modern jet aircraft. The CRM first became widely used in the commercial airline industry, but military aviation, shipboard crews, medical and surgical teams, offshore oil crews, and other high-consequence, high-risk, time-critical industry teams soon followed. This study aims to develop a CRM training program that helps to improve plant performance by reducing the number of reactor trips caused by the operators' errors in Korean NPP. The program is; firstly, based on the work we conducted to develop a human factors training from the applications to the Nuclear Power Plant; secondly, based on a number of guidelines from the current practicable literature; thirdly, focused on team skills, such as leadership, situational awareness, teamwork, and communication, which have been widely known to be critical for improving the operational performance and reducing human errors in Korean NPPs; lastly, similar to the event-based training approach that many researchers have applied in other domains: aircraft, medical operations, railroads, and offshore oilrigs. We conducted an experiment to test effectiveness of the CRM training program in a condition of simulated control room also. We found that the program made the operators' attitudes and behaviors be improved positively from the experimental results. The more implications of the finding were discussed further in detail.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.245-256
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• 2021

Poor logistical infrastructure and agri-food supply chain management leads to significant food waste in logistic system. The concept of the sustainable value added agri-food chains requires defined approach to the analysis of the existing situation, possible improving strategies and also assessment of these changes impact on further development. The purpose of research is to provide scientific substantiation of theoretical and methodological principles and develop practical recommendations for the improvement of the agri-food logistics distribution system. A case study methodology is used in this article. The research framework is based on 4 steps: Value Stream Mapping (VSM), Gap and Process Analysis, Validation and Improvement Areas Definition and Imitation Modelling. This paper presents the appropriateness of LEAN logistics tools using, in particular, Value Stream Mapping (VSM) for minimizing logistic losses and Simulation Modeling of possible logistics distribution system improvement results. The algorithm of VSM analysis of the agri-food supply chain, which involves its optimization by implementing the principles of sustainable development at each stage, is proposed. The methodical approach to the analysis of possible ways for optimizing the operation of the logistics system of the agri-food distribution is developed. It involves the application of Value Stream Mapping, i.e. designing of stream maps of the creation of the added value in the agri-food supply chain for the current and future state based on the minimization of logistic losses. Simulation modeling of the investment project on time optimization in the agri-food supply chain and economic effect of proposed improvements in logistics product distribution system functioning at the level of the investigated agricultural enterprise has been determined. Improvement of logistics planning and coordination of operations in the supply chain and the innovative pre-cooling system proposed to be introduced have a 3-year payback period and almost 75-80% probability. Based on the conducted VSM analysis of losses in the agri-food supply chain, there have been determined the main points, where it is advisable to conduct optimization changes for the achievement of positive results and the significant economic effect from the proposed measures has been confirmed. In further studies, it is recommended to focus on identifying the synergistic effect of the agri-food supply chain optimization on the basis of sustainable development.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.62
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• pp.65-86
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• 2020

Drones, which were originally developed for military purpose, have expanded rapidly not only in hobbies, leisure, but also in broadcasting, filming, and public sectors, and search and rescue drones have been used to find four Korean teachers who went to Nepal for volunteer work but went missing in the avalanche. The government is encouraging the use of drones in the public sector as a policy to foster the drone industry, and the market is expected to expand in the future. This study presents improvement measures and specific directions for use of drones by public agencies at a time when the use of drones is expanding in the public sector. To that end, this research reviewed the interviews of relevant experts, analysis of drone operation regulations by public agencies, and the cases of operation of drones for searching missing persons by police. First of all, it will have to secure skilled personnel before the introduction of the drones and then determine the specifications of the drones through sufficient review, and then be put into the mission after careful examination of the drones. Next, it is necessary to draw up a base rule for drone operation and draw up a manual accordingly. Finally, drone flight has the risk of a crash, and it is essential to secure dedicated personnel for drone operation, especially since drones in the public sector are specialized in large scale compared to hobby drones to achieve their purpose. This research only conducted a detailed analysis of the National Police Agency's drones for searching for missing persons, and there are limitations to the number of people interviewed. Subsequent studies will require analysis of various public institutions, and in addition to interviews, surveys will require analysis of various data and statistics.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.27-36
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• 2017

In almost industries, such as the logistics industry, marine fisheries, agriculture, industry, and services, small unmanned aerial vehicles are used for aerial photographing or closing flight in areas where human access is difficult or CCTV is not installed. Also, based on the information of small unmanned aerial photographing, application research is actively carried out to efficiently perform surveillance, control, or management. In order to carry out tasks in a mission-based manner in which the set tasks are assigned and the tasks are automatically performed, the small unmanned aerial vehicles must not only fly steadily but also be able to charge the energy periodically, In addition, the unmanned aircraft need to land automatically and precisely at certain points after the end of the mission. In order to accomplish this, an automatic precision landing method that leads landing by continuously detecting and recognizing a marker located at a landing point from a video shot of a small UAV is required. In this paper, it is shown that accurate and stable automatic landing is possible even if simple template matching technique is applied without using various recognition methods that require high specification in using low cost general purpose small unmanned aerial vehicle. Through simulation and actual experiments, the results show that the proposed method will be made good use of industrial fields.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.36 no.12B
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• pp.1744-1751
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• 2011

The concept of the advanced concept technology demonstration (ACTD) has previously been introduced in USA in order to make it possible to rapidly transfer advanced technologies developed in commercial sectors to develop weapon systems in the defense area. Since then in Korea several ACTD programs have been developed and being carried out However, there are few program management methods suitable for the characteristics of the ACTD programs, which requires stringent management of the program requirements and risks due to the radically shortened development time. In this paper such a problem has been addressed and as a solution approach the quality function deployment (QFD) method has been adopted, which is being served as a successful model in various areas such as manufacturing. The QFD method is used in our study to improve communication between various stakeholders involved in the ACTD programs and also to reduce risks related to requirements. Specifically we have developed the ACTD standard templates based on the QFD method and discussed how to use the developed templates. Finally, the application of the study result is demonstrated through the ACTD program of flight information demonstration system and also specific ways are suggested to use the standard templates, to manage requirements, and to reduce risks.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.35-43
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to analyze the converged influencing factors on the stages of exercise behavior changes in shift work nurses. The subjects were 120 shift work nurses working in hospitals who understood the purpose of the study and agreed to participate in the study. Data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, $X^2$ test, and multiple logistic regression analysis. The exercise motivation factors of shift work nurses had a significant effect on stages of exercise behavior change (${\beta}=2.480$, p=.022), health status perceptions(${\beta}=1.151$, p=.013). Social support factors (${\beta}=1.819$, p=.002) and marital status (${\beta}=-1.820$, p=.004) also had significant effects on the stages of exercise behavior change of shift work nurses. In other words, subjects with change in exercise behavior had 11.9 times higher motivation and 3.1 times higher health status perception than those without change in exercise behavior, social support was 6.1 times higher, and unmarried subjects showed 16 times showed higher than that of married subjects. Therefore, it is important to develop a strategy to practice continuous and regular exercise in consideration of the exercise motivation, social support, and health status perception of the nurses in shift work.