• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.1574-1579
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• 2004

A simultaneous measurement system that can analyze the flow-structure interactions(FSI) has been constructed and analyses on the flow field and the motion field of a floating cylinder was made. The three-dimensional vector fields around the cylinder are measured by 3D-PTV technique while the motion of the cylinder forced by the flow field is measured simultaneously with a newly developed motion tracking algorithm(bidirectional tracking algorithm). The cylinder is pendant in the working fluid of a water channel and the surface of the working fluid is forced sinusoidal to make the cylinder bounced. The interaction between the flow fields and the cylinder motion is examined quantitatively.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.65-75
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• 2019

A heated square cylinder (with height $A^*$) is kept parallel to the cold wall at a fixed gap height $0.5A^*$ from the wall. Another adiabatic rectangular cylinder (of same height $A^*$ and width $0.5A^*$) is placed upstream in an inline tandem arrangement. The spacing between the two cylinders is fixed at $3.0A^*$. The inlet flow is taken as Couette-Poiseuille flow based non-linear velocity profile. The conventional fluid (also known as base fluid) is chosen as water (W) whereas the nanoparticle material is selected as $Al_2O_3$. Numerical simulations are performed by using SIMPLE algorithm based Finite Volume approach with staggered grid arrangement. The dependencies of hydrodynamic and heat transfer characteristics of the cylinder on non-dimensional parameters governing the nanofluids and the fluid flow are explored here. A critical discussion is made on the mechanism of improvement/reduction (due to the presence of the upstream cylinder) of heat transfer and drag coefficient, in comparison to those of an isolated cylinder. It is observed that the heat transfer increases with the increase in the non-linearity in the incident velocity profile at the inlet. For the present range studied, particle concentration has a negligible effect on heat transfer.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.511-532
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• 2007

The present study aims to generate turbulent inflow data to more accurately represent the turbulent flow around a square cylinder when the inflow turbulence level is significant. The modified random flow generation (RFG) technique in conjunction with a previously developed LES code is successfully adopted into a finite element based fluid flow solver to generate the required inflow turbulence boundary conditions for the three-dimensional (3-D) LES computations of transitional turbulent flow around a square cylinder at Reynolds number of 22,000. The near wall region is modelled without using wall approximate conditions and a wall damping coefficient is introduced into the calculation of sub-grid length scale in the boundary layer of the cylinder wall. The numerical results obtained from simulations are compared with each other and with the experimental data for different inflow turbulence boundary conditions in order to discuss the issues such as the synthetic inflow turbulence effects on the 3-D transitional flow behaviour in the near wake and the free shear layer, the basic mechanism by which stream turbulence interacts with the mean flow over the cylinder body and the prediction of integral flow parameters. The comparison among the LES results with and without inflow turbulence and the experimental data emphasizes that the turbulent inflow data generated by the present RFG technique for the LES computation can be a viable approach in accurately predicting the effects of inflow turbulence on the near wake turbulent flow characteristics around a bluff body.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.03b
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• pp.272-275
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• 2008

One of the important operating factors for the air-fuel pre-mixed conditions in an HCCI engine is an in-cylinder flow. In this study, unsteady in-cylinder air flow characteristics in a diesel engine as a reference engine of an HCCI engine development were numerically analysed. Unsteady flow analyses were conducted with the combination of 3 intake port inlets, then the in-cylinder air flow distribution and swirl ratio results from a case were compared with the results from the other cases.

• 연구논문집
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• s.23
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• pp.121-126
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• 1993

In general, natural gas engine converted from gasoline engine has disadvantage of power decrease. In order to increase power output in natural gas engine, the improvement of in-cylinder flow motion has been believed as the most effective method. In this study, the geometry of combustion chamber in 4 valve DOHC natural gas engine is modified, and in-cylinder flow patterns are analyized. Also engine performance is evaluated according to the modification of in-cylinder flow motion.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.1-8
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• 2001

The flow field inside a cylinder of four-valve Sl engine was investigated quantitatively using a three-dimensional Laser Doppler Velocimetry system, to determine how stroke changes affect the flow field. The purpose of this work was to develop quantitative methods which correlate in-cylinder flows to engine performance. For this study, the sane intake manifold, engine head, cylinder, and the piston were used to examine the flow characteristics in different strokes. Quantification of the flow field was done by calculating three major parameters which are believed to adequately characterize in cylinder motion. These quantities were TKE, tumble and swirl ratios. The LDV results reveal that flow patterns are similar, the flow velocities scale with piston speed but another parameters such as TKE, and tumble and swirl numbers are not the same for different stroke systems.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.2270-2280
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• 2005

An experimental study is performed for turbulent swirling flow behind a circular cylinder using 2-D PIV technique. The Reynolds number investigated are 10,000, 15,000, 20,000 and 25,000. The mean velocity vector, time mean axial velocity, turbulence intensity, kinetic energy and Reynolds shear stress behind the cylinder are measured before and behind the round cylinder along the test tube. A comparison is included with non swirl flow behind a circular and square cylinder. The recirculation zones are showed asymmetric profiles.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.2089-2094
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• 2003

The flow around a circular cylinder was controlled by attaching O-rings to reduce drag force acting on the cylinder. Four experimental models were tested in this study; one smooth cylinder of diameter D (D=60mm) and three cylinders fitted with O-rings of diameters d=0.0167D, 0.05D and 0.067D with pitches of PPD=1D, 0.5D and 0.25D. The drag force, mean velocity and turbulent intensity profiles in the near wake behind the cylinders were measured for Reynolds numbers based on the cylinder diameter in the range of $Re_D=7.8{\times}10^3{\sim}1.2{\times}10^5$. At $Re_D=1.2{\times}10^5$, the cylinder fitted with O-rings of d=0.0167D in a pitch interval of 0.25D shows the maximum drag reduction of about 5.4%, compared with the smooth cylinder. The drag reduction effect of O-rings of d=0.067D is not so high. For O-ring circulars, as the Reynolds number increases, the peak location of turbulence intensity shifts downstream and the peak magnitude is decreased. Flow field around the cylinders was visualized using a smoke-wire technique to see the flow structure qualitatively. The size of vortices and vortex formation region formed behind the O-ring cylinders are smaller, compared with the smooth cylinder.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.2014-2022
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• 1996

Flow characteristics of the wake behind a finite circular cylinder(FC) mounted on a flat plate was experimentally investigated. Three finite cylinder models having aspect ratio (length to diameter ratio, L/D) of 6,10 and 13 were tested in this study. Wake velocity was measured by a hot-wire anemometry at Reynolds number of 20,000, and the results were compared with those of two-dimensional circular cylinder. As a result, the free-end effect on the wake structure becomes more dominant with decreasing the aspect ratio(L/D) of the finite cylinder. Invisid flow entrained into the wake region decreases the turbulence intensity and periodicity of the vortex shedding due to existence of the free end. From spectral analysis and cross correlation of the velocity signals, vortices having 24Hz frequency characteristics are found in the down wash flow just behind the free end. There exists very complicated flow near the free end due to interaction between the entrained flow and streamwise vortices. Vortex formation region is destroyed significantly in the near wake and shows quite different wake structures from those of 2-D cylinder.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.155-161
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• 2001

Fundamental studies on the drag reduction of the circular cylinder having dimple were conducted by the measurement of the fluid force acting on the cylinder and by the flow visualization around the cylinder. The drag coefficients were changed by the shape and the geometrical arrangement of the dimple. The drag of the cylinder was reduced about 25% by the proper arrangement of the dimple. The flow field around the cylinder having dimple, which was the minimum drag, was visualized by the hydrogen bubble technique. In this case, the separation points were moved rearward and the wake region was small in comparison with that of the cylinder having no dimple.