• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2020

Immunoglobulin (Ig)A vasculitis nephritis (IgAVN), also referred to as Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis, is a relatively benign disease in children. However, two 24-year European cohort studies have reported high sustained rates of hypertension, severe proteinuria, and renal dysfunction in patients with IgAVN. Notably, the incidence and exacerbation rates of proteinuria, hypertension, and renal dysfunction during pregnancy were high even in women who recovered from IgAVN before pregnancy. Patients with IgAVN need lifelong care. Trials have been performed to investigate early biomarkers and genes associated with poor prognosis to identify high-risk patients in whom IgAVN may progress to severe renal disease. Urinary IgA/cr, IgM/cr levels, and HLAB35 and angiotensinogen gene expression were shown to be predictors of progression of IgAVN to severe renal dysfunction. The 2019 Single Hub and Access point for paediatric Rheumatology in Europe (SHARE) initiative group published guidelines for pediatric IgAVN, following the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) guidelines established in 2012. Compared with the KDIGO guidelines, the SHARE guidelines recommend earlier corticosteroid administration in cases of mild proteinuria (>0.5 g/d). Clinical trials of targeted budesonide delivery to the distal ileum, monoclonal antibody targeting C5, eculizumab and anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody administration, among others are currently underway in patients with IgA nephropathy. It is expected that newer therapeutic agents would become available for IgAVN in the near future. This review summarizes IgAVN with emphasis on recently published literature, including possible preventive strategies, predictive biomarkers for progression of IgAVN, and various treatments.

• 공업화학
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.229-236
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• 2018

섬유산업에서 배출되는 오일미스트를 함유한 배기가스를 처리하기 위해 개발되어 실제 현장에 적용되고 있는 electric fume collector (EFC) 설비의 집진판 오염에 의한 성능저하를 개선하기 위한 맞춤형 세정제를 검토하였다. 집진판 표면의 오염물질은 오일미스트가 장기간 축적되면서 심하게 탄화되어 일반 세정제로는 쉽게 제거하기 어려운 상태였다. 오염물질의 특성과 집진판 모재의 손상 등을 고려하여, 알칼리, 알코올, 글리콜 및 비이온계 계면활성제로 구성된 최적의 세정제 성분 조성을 결정하였다. 현장실증실험에는 개발된 세정제 원액을 9.1%로 희석한 용액을 이용하였으며, 단순한 분무방식으로 심하게 점착된 집진판 표면의 오염물질을 성공적으로 제거할 수 있었다. 집진판의 세척에 의하여 EFC 설비의 배기가스 정화성능 개선효과도 크게 향상되었다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.339-347
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• 2013

나노에멀젼은 서브마이크론 크기의 에멀젼으로 치료 약물의 전달을 향상시키는 약물 전달체로서 많은 연구가 진행되고 있다. 본 연구의 목표는 폴리머를 함유한 나노에멀젼의 안정성에 대한 연구이다. 고농도의 Carbopol 941, Aristoflex AVC, Aronbis M, Permulen TR 2 및 Aculyn 44를 함유한 나노에멀젼의 안정성은 마크로에멀젼과는 다르게 불안정하였다. 폴리머를 유화 전에 첨가하여 제조한 에멀젼이 유화 후 폴리머를 첨가하여 제조한 에멀젼에 비해 초기 입자 크기가 더 크게 형성되었다. 저 농도의 폴리머를 함유한 경우에도 폴리머를 함유하지 않은 나노에멀젼에 비해 안정성이 감소하였으나 그 정도는 고농도에 비해 적었다. 점도가 유사한 경우 안정성에 미치는 순서는 Aristoflex AVC < Carbopol 941 < Permulen TR2 < Carbopol 941 + Aculyn 44 < Aronbis M의 순서로 불안정하였다.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.156-160
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• 2004

This study aims to investigate the changes in the lipid composition and angiotensin-converting enzyme activity in serum of rats exposed to microwave radiation, and to examine improving effects of green tea catechin to the lipid composition. The microwave-exposed rats received the normal and one of 3 diets: catechin free (MW-0C), 0.25% catechin (MW-0.25C) or 0.5% catechin (MW-0.5C). Rats were sacrificed 6th day after microwave radiation (2.45 ㎓, 15 min). The concentration of serum triglyceridein MW-0C group was increased by 85%, compared with the normal group, but that of MW-0.25C group with 0.25% catechin supplementation was to 17% lower, compared with the MW-0C group. There was no significant difference between normal group and MW-0.5C group. Total-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol concentrations were increased by 21.4% and 38.6%, respectively, by microwave irradiation. The concentration of HDL-cholesterol in MW-0C group was lower to 29.3%, but it was maintained at the normal level by catechin supplementation. There was no significant difference among four groups in HLD-cholesterol/LDL-cholesterol. Atherogenic index in MW-0C group was increased by 56%, compared with the normal group. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity in lung tissue of MW-0C group was increased by 59 %, while that of MW -0.25C and MW -0.5C group were maintained at the normal level. ACE activity of MW-0C group in serum was increased by 122.8%, compared with the normal group. Catechin supplementation group was significantly reduced, compared with the MW-0C group ACE activity. In conclusion, microwave irradiation increased the serum triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations and ACE activity which are considered as the blood pressure increasing agents. However, catechin supplementation decreased the level of triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and ACE activity, which maybe consider catechin as being agent of lowering effect for blood lipid profile for athero-genesis.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.853-862
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• 2018

Objectives: This study involved a non-equivalent control group, pre-test/post-test measurement experiment to evaluate the efficacy of distributing plaque disclosing agents to healthy adults living in South Korea and promoting its self-application. Methods: O'Leary index, PHP index, oral health behavior intention, and oral care satisfaction were used as research tools. A notice was posted on the bulletin board from September 12 to October 15, 2016, to recruit adults aged 20-50 years. Data were analyzed using SPSS Version 22.0, and frequency analysis, Pearson's chi-squared, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Kruskal-Wallis, and repeated measures ANOVA were performed. Results: The O'Leary index was significantly reduced in the group (p<0.01), and time (p<0.01) after education and width of the decrease had the highest score in the group that received education on plaque disclosing only. They were followed by the group that received education on plaque disclosing and the rolling method, the group that received education on the rolling method alone, and the control group. The PHP index significantly decreased in the group(p<0.01) and time (p<0.01), and the group time (p=0.039) after education, and width of the decrease had the highest score in the group that received education on plaque disclosing and rolling method. They were followed by the group that received education on plaque disclosing alone, the group that received education on the rolling method alone, and the control group. Conclusions: Based on the aforementioned findings, the direct use of plaque disclosing had a marked effect on self-oral care. These results suggest that the self-application of plaque disclosing could be an effective self-care method for improving the oral environment.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제9권
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• pp.801-810
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• 1994

Design Problems are often both multidimensional and highly interactive. Very rarely does any part of a designed thing serve only one purpose. The activity of designing is thus a goal-directed activity and normally a goal-directed problem-solving activity. This means, problem solving is finding a way to get from some initial situation to a desired goal. Designers are transforming agents within a society whose goals are to improve the human condition through physical metamorphosis. Many theorist have agreed that designing involves problem solving or decision making. Accordingly evaluation plays an essential role in design activity. The evaluation factors include all attributes that have levels specified by quantitative and qualitative objectives Alternatives in multi-objective decision prOblems generally possess numerous attributes by which they can be described and compared. The evaluation factors include all attributes that have levels specified by quantitative and qualitative objectives. However since qualitative factors are difficult to quantify as numeral estimates, these factors have tended to be ignored without regard for their importance to human content. We adapted the Accumulative Evaluation Model as an evaluation algorithm for IDES. Industrial Design Evaluation System (IDES) consists of 3 major modules ( 1 Design Element, 2.Matrix, 3.Evaluation). It is intended to be an aid for design evaluation. The luther thinks IDES is a new design evaluation approach which could provide effective rating of design values to make value judgements. It is an attempt to provide industrial designers with access to design evaluation. The author's aim is to produce an Object-Oriented Evaluation System which can guide the designers and decision makers under complex design projects. It uses\ulcorner an Object-Oriented Programming for this prototype, Because of managing complexity (Flexibility and Reusability) and improving productivity(Extensibility & Maintainability and Programming by User) in software development process. The author has chose the C++ because it is a hybrid, rather than pure Object-Oriented Language.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.77-83
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• 2007

Poultry products including meat and eggs constitute a major protein source in the American diet and disease-causing pathogens represent major challenges to the poultry industry. More than 95% of pathogens enter the host through the mucosal surfaces of the respiratory, digestive and reproductive tracts and over the past few decades, the two main mechanisms used to control diseases have been the use of vaccines and antibiotics. However, in the poultry industry, there are mounting concerns over the ability of current vaccines to adequately protect against emerging hyper-virulent strains of pathogens and a lack of suitable, cost effective adjuvants. Thorough investigation of the immunogenetic responses involved in host-pathogen interactions will lead to the development of new and effective strategies for improving poultry health, food safety and the economic viability of the US poultry industry. In this paper, I describe the development of immunogenomic and proteomic tools to fundamentally determine and characterize the immunological mechanisms of the avian host to economically significant mucosal pathogens such as Eimeria. Recent completion of poultry genome sequencing and the development of several tissue-specific cDNA libraries in chickens are facilitating the rapid application of functional immunogenomics in the poultry disease research. Furthermore, research involving functional genomics, immunology and bioinformatics is providing novel insights into the processes of disease and immunity to microbial pathogens at mucosal surfaces. In this presentation, a new strategy of global gene expression using avian macrophage (AMM) to characterize the multiple pathways related to the variable immune responses of the host to Eimeria is described. This functional immunogenomics approach will increase current understanding of how mucosal immunity to infectious agents operates, and how it may be enhanced to enable the rational development of new and effective strategies against coccidiosis and other mucosal pathogens.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.81-88
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• 2019

Purpose : The purpose of this paper is to review the continuing education (CE) for physiotherapists and especially to draw attention to the perception and need of the education so that the present study aimed to provide information for improving the education program. Methods : The study obtained information from CE of the Korea Physical Therapy Association held in Gwangju on April 12 and July 19, 2015 to understand the perception and needs of CE. Present study showed that 431 out of 563 people who answered to the survey, with a 76.5 % response rate. Among them, 350 people were selected for the final analysis, except for questionnaires whose responses were insufficient. Among them, the level of perception of CE was 238, excluding 112 people who did not receive an education in 2014. Results : The perception of CE according to experience showed a weak positive correlation in questions 1 (r=.244), 5 (r=.244) and 10 (r=1.129) (p<.05). There was no significant correlation in questions 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, and 11 (p>.05). The needs of CE according to experience showed weak negative correlations in musculoskeletal system (r=-.141), nervous system (r=-.136), geriatric (r=-.117), oriental physical therapy (r=-.130), and other new technologies (r=-.232) (p<.05). Basic education, pediatric, cardiopulmonary system, sports, physical agents, and women's fields were not significantly correlated (p>.05). Conclusion : There was little or no significant correlation between perception and needs for the CE based on physical therapists' experiences. Current research suggests that for a CE for physical therapists, the perception of education should first be renovated, and then the quality of education should also be improved based on the need of them.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 1989

This paper reviews the most important steps that have generated consistent progress in principles and developmental progress of embryo cryopreservation, and also study on freezing procedure and its application by conventional method and current improved method for freezing procedure and its appilcation of embryo cryopreservation in farm animals. Four were of particular interest: 1.The transport of water across the ccli membrane (zona pellucida) during freezing and thawing accordinglyplays a role in determing whether the celi survives. This movement of water is controlied mainly by extracellular phase changes and by the nature and concentration of any cryoprotective agent present. Therates of cooling, freezing and warming, and the intervals over which they are applied are further decisi've factors in determining whether a cryopreservation procedure allows survival after thawing. 2.The first successful deep freezing experiments with sheep morula and blastocysts during the seventies were based on the early procedures used for mouse embryos.Current research during the eighties is developed with the aim of simplifying and improving current procedures such as one-step dilution and rapid or ultra-rapid cooling by using the model of laboratory animals. 3.The conventional method for the embryo cryopreservation is described. An alternative to this method which may result in high survival and also in reducing of the freezing and thawing time is done by combing a permeable cryoprotectant such as glycerol, DMSO or propanediol and a non-permeable compound such as sucrose, trehalose, raffinose or lactose. 4.Finally a different approach to the preservation of embryos, named vitrification, is introduced. This procedure depends upon the ability of concentrated solutions of cryoprotective agents such as glycerol and propanediol to supercool to very low temperature (-196$^{\circ}C$) during rapid cooling before solidifying without formation of ice. However, more complete data are necessary for successful vitrification of blastocysts.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.339-350
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• 2020

본 연구는 석조문화재 보존처리용(표면마감) 무기질바인더가 암석에 위해한 영향을 미치는 백화현상을 제어하기 위해 광물기반의 충전제와 발수제를 혼합한 하이브리드 기술을 적용하였다. 연구결과, 무기질바인더 성능개선에 효과적인 충전제(실리카흄 3.4%)와 발수제(실란-실록산 1%)를 선정하였으며, 해당 중량비율은 백화물질 제어에 효과가 있는 것으로 판단된다. 또한 압축강도 기준을(20 MPa) 상회하였고 흡수율은 낮아 투수저항성이 높은 것을 확인하였다. 이온용출 결과도 백화현상에 직·간접적으로 작용하는 이온의 검출량이 대조군보다 작게 검출되어 상대적으로 안정적인 것으로 판단된다.