• Title/Summary/Keyword: Imported brand attitude

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Factors Influencing the Purchasing Intention of Imported and Domestic Apparel-With Reference to Fishbein & Ajzen's Behavioral Intention Model- (수입의류와 국내의류의 구매의도에 영향을 주는 요인-Fishbein과 Ajzen의 행동의도 모델을 중심으로-)

  • 박정원;이인자
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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    • v.40
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    • pp.109-119
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    • 1998
  • In order to identify the factors responsible for the recent drastic increase of imported apparel in Korea, an attempt was made to determine the variables influencing the purchasing behavior of imported and domestic apparel and forecast the purchasing intention with the use of Fishbein & Ajzen's behavioral intention model including both attitude and subjective norm. Based on literature review, the empirical study was conducted using the questionnaire for 900 college women and high school girls living in Seoul. Descriptive statistics, t-test, paired-t test, multiple regression analysis, and correlation analysis were made of 771 returned questionnaires using SAS program. The results were as follows : First, the results of assessing both their attitudes toward imported and domestic apparel and their subjective norms were shown to be different. Second, there was a difference in the attributes that had an effect on their attention to buy imported and domestic apparel. Third, those respondents having a preference for imported apparel were most highly influenced by color and price. While those respondents showing a preference for domestic apparel were most highly influenced by materials and comfortableness. Fourth, the validity of the prediction value of their buying intention was confirmed as it was shown to be more than coreelation coefficien r=0.65. In conclusion, 1) it was proved that both attitude and subjective norm were the important variables that could predict the consumer's purchasing intention, 2) since competitiveness in color and materials and brand influencing the consumer's purchase of and preference for domestic apparel relatively lagged behind in comparison with that of imported apparel, the domestic apparel business enterprise will have to make a greater effort to develop differentiated color, material and prestigious brand so as to enhance competitiveness with imported apparel.

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Consumer Attitude Toward Purchasing US Brand Jeans (미국산 청바지 구매에 관한 소비자 태도 분석)

  • Kim-Jai-Ok
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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    • v.28
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    • pp.225-237
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    • 1996
  • The product evaluation and purchasing behavior of US brand jeans have been studied. The intrinsic and extrinsic cues are usually adopted to interpret the purchasing decison making processes. Among extrinsic cues price and brand name have been studied exten-sively but country-of-origin has not been examined in Korea. With the liberalization of retail industry foreign brands are aggressively penetrating in Korean pparel market. Since the penetration of imported apparel has increased tremendously lately the consumer attitude toward foreign produced clothing has great importance. The findings of the study were 1) Price was the most important among extrinsic cues ex-cept quality. Brand name was more important than store and country-of-origin. 2) The country image had significant influence to the preference as apparel production country. 3) The evaluation and willingness to buy of the jeans were greatly influenced by the be-havioral charcteristics of consumer variables. 4) The model to predict the willingness to buy of the jeans has been developed.

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A Study on Consumer Preference Factors to Domestic Versus Imported Apparel (국내 및 수입 유명 의류에 대한 소비자 선호요인 비교연구 - 여성복을 중심으로 -)

  • 장은영
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.182-193
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    • 1997
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the actual state of introduction and distribution of import apparel and to identify which characteristics of import apparels were different from domestic apparels by analysing consumer's evaluation attitudeto import apparels comparatively. Inaddition, by forming consumer groups who prefered import apparels and who prefered domestic apparels consumer characteristics and factors of each group were investigated. Results of this study are summarized as follows; 1. The degree of recognition of domestic or import well-known apparel brands were both high as 79.1% was to national brandcomparing with 77.0% of import brands. Average holding articles of import apparels were increasing up to 2.08 per person. 2. Consumers gave better evaluation to import apparel in all its aspects. With respects of the economic value and thepractical value, domestic apparel brands were evaluated better than import apparel brands while import apparel brands were evaluated better than domestic apparel brands with respects of design, brand image, and quality value. 3. Consumer group who has preference to import apparel has the tendency of high degree of clothing expenditure and low degree of economical behavior in clothing life st)4e and high degree of brand preferency. Futhermore, such group was not affirmative to negative effect of purchasing import goodsand open-trade policy. 4. Core factors affecting the preference to import apparel were design evaluation attitude, general reluctancy to buying imports, brand-oriented clouting life style, and degree of prossession of import apparel, as enumerated in the order of importance.

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The Ability to Identify the Imported Foods among Housewives in Cheongju Area

  • Kim Kinam;Park Eunjin;Cho Jinsuk
    • Journal of Community Nutrition
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    • v.7 no.2
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    • pp.85-92
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    • 2005
  • The purpose of the study was to get some information about the educational program for consumers in the community. For this, the author investigated the ability to identify the imported foods and the educational contents to be taught. The subjects for this study were 183 housewives living in Cheongju city, and the research was conducted from March 1 to March 15, 2003. A survey questionnaire was distributed, asking general matters regarding the subject, attitude when purchasing foods, the ability to identify the imported foods, educational contents to be taught, and the identification ability between the domestic and the imported foods. The data was analyzed for percentage, mean, standard deviations using SAS program, and was also examined with Chi-square or ANOVA. $92.3\%$ of housewives checked the label to distinguish between the domestic food and the imported one, among which $99.5\%$ preferred to buy the domestic brand. For major reasons of this preference, $46.3\%$ of them reported that the imported foods had many harmful substances. $66.1\%$ of the subjects, however, replied that they did not have the ability to discern the differences between the two. The identification information was received from 'TV or radio program', which $61.7\%$ of the subjects reported as such. $61.5\%$ of the subjects were inclined to receive education about the imported foods. For the educational contents, $75.4\%$ wanted to learn 'the method to identify the imported foods'. According to the identification test on the imported foods, they got 13.6 points on the average out of 40 points, which was quite low. The highest correct answer was for pteridium aquilinum ($63.7\%$), sesame ($49.2\%$), and yellow croaker ($45.6\%$), while the highest incorrect answer was for red pepper powder ($40.4\%$), chestnut ($40.6\%$), and dried pepper ($32.2\%$). The results suggested that most of the respondents had negative attitudes towards the imported agricultural products, but their identification ability was quite poor. Therefore, it is necessary to provide education and publicity work in relation to the identification methods for the imported foods so that consumers may have less risk from the imported agricultural products.

Analysis of Previous Make-up Study (화장에 관한 기존연구 유형의 분석)

  • 백경진;김미영
    • The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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    • v.12 no.1
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    • pp.182-198
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    • 2004
  • The purpose of this study was to analyze the previous make-up studies. A number of publications and journals were reviewed and analyzed carefully. The results of review and analysis were as follows: There were many different subjects in make-up studies and They can be divided into ten types : cosmetics purchase behavior, change of make-up culture and comparison, make-up trend by era, cosmetics industry's standing of today and strategy, art trend in make-up, brand preference of cosmetics, make up attitude, recognition about imported cosmetics and purchase behavior, color preference of cosmetics, the relationship between self-concept and make-up. In general, the cosmetic purchase behavior studies are conducted most actively. According to result that analyze existent study, special duality of cosmetics purchase action appears very variously according to standard of classification of study target and study target. But, study target and method of study are not various, and purchase behavior study collected with make-un and clothes is yew lacking. Therefore, in this study, wished to discover problem of virtue study because analyzes studies about previous make-up and present forward study direction.

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Korean consumers' attitudes towards organic labels and country-of-origin of organic foods

  • Lee, Hye-Kyoung;Cho, Young-Sang
    • Journal of Distribution Science
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    • v.9 no.1
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    • pp.49-59
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    • 2011
  • Although the South Korean organic food market is in the infancy compared to other industrialized countries, Korean consumers'interest in organic food and retail stores devoting space to organic products have been rapidly increasing. Despite the fact of organic food popularity, the term "organic" is interpreted differently by individuals. As opposed to the US, Japan and the EU where have operated an integrated organic food labelling system, Korea has adopted complex organic labelling systems regulated by several different government bodies. As a result, complicated food labelling standards make consumers confused when purchasing organic foods. Furthermore, in terms of country of origin (COO), it is argued by a lot of researchers that COO effects vary from product to product and from country to country; moreover, other informational cues such as brand and price can influence COO effects. In modern society, COO labelling has been complicated, due to the sourcing, manufacturing and market locations of merchandise spread over the world. Accordingly, the evaluation of COO effects has become complex. In order to examine these issues, a quantitative research was selected to classify the commonfeatures of organic food consumers and construct statistics such as the extent to which people are aware of organic food and COO labellingvia a questionnaire which took place in two cities in Korea with a cluster sample of 161 organic food purchasers. As for the data analysis, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), T-tests, bivariate crosstatulations with Cramer's V were conducted,depending on the characteristics of variables and the assumptions the research data need to fit. It has been concluded that in general, Korean organic consumers comprehend the term "organic"in a closer way to the general concept rather than technical term, thus people do not appreciate environmentally labels which include organic food labels, although marital status influence the degree of label awareness, regardless of gender, age, education level and so on. Regarding COO effects on organic food, home organic products were Korean consumers'first choice over those from industrialized countries and developing nations. Specifically, in processed organic product category, domestically cultivated and processed organic products were absolutely preferred to leading national brands produced with imported ingredients and international brands. However, due to a lack of checks of ingredients' COO, consumers tend to purchase a leading national organic food brand, believing that it is a pure organic food sourced domestically. As a consequence, this research has suggested some important managerial implications and future research directions. In order to prevent consumer confusion when buying organic foods, it should be noted that consumers do not comprehend the organic food certifications, due to complicated labelling systems for organic produce and processed organic foods. Therefore, government bodies related to organic food distribution have to know consumers' perception of organic food labels and the significance of customer-oriented labels and reestablish labelling standards. Similarly, public advertising should be followed to raise public awareness of the labelling to enable customers to have the correct information. In addition, not only international marketers but also domestic marketers need to understand COO images and also the influence COO of ingredients has on the image of an organic product.

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Surrogate Internet Shopping Malls: The Effects of Consumers' Perceived Risk and Product Evaluations on Country-of-Buying-Origin Image (망상대구점(网上代购店): 소비자감지풍험화산품평개대원산국형상적영향(消费者感知风险和产品评价对原产国形象的影响))

  • Lee, Hyun-Joung;Shin, So-Hyoun;Kim, Sang-Uk
    • Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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    • v.20 no.2
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    • pp.208-218
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    • 2010
  • Internet has grown fast and become one of the most important retail channels now. Various types of Internet retailers, hereafter etailers, have been introduced so far and as one type of Internet shopping mall, 'surrogate Internet shopping mall' has been prosperous and attracting consumers in the domestic market. Surrogate Internet shopping mall is a unique type of etailer that globally purchases well-known brand goods that are not imported in the market, completes delivery in the favor of individual buyers, and collects fees for these specific services. The consumers, who are usually interested in purchasing high-end and unique but not eligible brands, have difficulties to purchase these items overseas directly from the retailers or brands in other countries due to worries of payment failure and no address available for their usually domestic only delivery. In Korea, both numbers of surrogate Internet shopping malls and the magnitude of sales have been growing rapidly up to more than 430 active malls and 500 billion Korean won in 2008 since the population of consumers who want this agent shopping service is also expending. This etail business concept is originated from 'surrogate-mediated purchase' and this type of shopping agent has existed in many different forms and also in wide ranges of context level for quite a long time. As marketers face their individual buyers' representatives instead of a direct contact with them in many occasions, the impact of surrogate shoppers on consumer's decision making has been enormously important and many scholars have explored various range of agent's impact on consumer's purchase decisions in marketing and psychology field. However, not much rigorous research in the Internet commerce has been conveyed yet. Moreover, since as one of the shopping agent surrogate Internet shopping malls specifically connect overseas brands or retailers to domestic consumers, one specific character of the mall's, image of surrogate buying country, where surrogate purchases are conducted in, may play an important role to form consumers' attitude and purchase intention toward products. Furthermore it also possibly affects various dimensions of perceived risk in consumer's information processing. However, though tremendous researches have been carried exploring the effects of diverse dimensions of country of origin, related studies in Internet context has been rarely executed. There have been some studies that prove the positive impact of country of origin on consumer's evaluations as one of information clues in product manufacture descriptions, yet studies detecting the relationship between country image of surrogate buying origin and product evaluations rarely undertaken regarding this specific mall type. Thus, the authors have found it well-worth investigating in this specific retail channel and explored systematic relationships among focal constructs and elaborated their different paths. The authors have proven that country image of surrogate buying origin in the mall, where surrogate malls purchase products in and brings them from for buyers, not only has a positive effect on consumers' product evaluations including attitude and purchase intention but also has a negative effect on all three dimensions of perceived risk: product-related risk, shipping-related risk, and post-purchase risk. Specifically among all the perceived risk, product-related risk which is arisen from high uncertainty of product performance is most affected (${\beta}$= -.30) by negative country image of surrogate buying origin, and also shipping-related risk (${\beta}$= -.18) and post-purchase risk (${\beta}$= -.15) get influenced in order. Its direct effects on product attitude (${\beta}$= .10) and purchase intention (${\beta}$= .14) are also secured. Each of perceived risk dimension is proven to have a negative effect on purchase intention through product attitude as a mediator (${\beta}$= -.57: product-related risk ${\rightarrow}$ product attitude; ${\beta}$= -.24: shipping-related risk ${\rightarrow}$ product attitude; ${\beta}$= -.44: post-purchase risk ${\rightarrow}$ product attitude) as well. From the additional analysis, the paths of consumers' information processing are shown to be different based on their levels of product knowledge. While novice consumers with low level of knowledge consider only perceived risk important, expert consumers with high level of knowledge take both the country image, where surrogate services are conducted in, and perceived risk seriously to build their attitudes and formulate decisions toward products more delicately and systematically, which is in line with previous studies. This study suggests several pieces of academic and practical advice. Precisely, country image of surrogate buying origin does affect on consumer's risk perceptions and behavioral consequences. Therefore a careful selection of surrogate buying origin is recommended. Furthermore, reducing consumers' risk level is required to blossom this new type of retail business whether its consumer are novices or experts. Additionally, since consumer take different paths of elaborating information based on their knowledge levels, sophisticated marketing approaches to each group of consumers are required. For novice buyers strong devices for risk mitigation are needed to induce them to form better attitudes and for experts selections of better and advanced countries as surrogate buying origins are advised while endorsement strategy for the site might work as a reliable information clue to all consumers to mitigate the barriers to purchase goods online. The authors have also explained that the study suffers from some limitations, including generalizability. In future studies, tests of and comparisons among different types of etailers with relevant constructs are recommended to broaden the findings.