• Molecules and Cells
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• 제38권9호
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• pp.781-788
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• 2015

Mutations of MYO15A are generally known to cause severe to profound hearing loss throughout all frequencies. Here, we found two novel MYO15A mutations, c.3871C>T (p.L1291F) and c.5835T>G (p.Y1945X) in an affected individual carrying congenital profound sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) through targeted resequencing of 134 known deafness genes. The variant, p.L1291F and p.Y1945X, resided in the myosin motor and IQ2 domains, respectively. The p.L1291F variant was predicted to affect the structure of the actin-binding site from three-dimensional protein modeling, thereby interfering with the correct interaction between actin and myosin. From the literature analysis, mutations in the N-terminal domain were more frequently associated with residual hearing at low frequencies than mutations in the other regions of this gene. Therefore we suggest a hypothetical genotype-phenotype correlation whereby MYO15A mutations that affect domains other than the N-terminal domain, lead to profound SNHL throughout all frequencies and mutations that affect the N-terminal domain, result in residual hearing at low frequencies. This genotype-phenotype correlation suggests that preservation of residual hearing during auditory rehabilitation like cochlear implantation should be intended for those who carry mutations in the N-terminal domain and that individuals with mutations elsewhere in MYO15A require early cochlear implantation to timely initiate speech development.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.435-441
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• 2002

교정치료의 고정원으로서 수술용 Microscrew가 소개되고 사용되어 왔다. 몇몇 임상가들은 Miniscrew혹은 Microscrew를 치근의 손상을 피하기 위하여 치근 하방의 기저골에 식립하여 사용하여 왔다 그러나 저자는 Microimplant를 치근 손상없이 치근사이의 치조골에 식립하여 고정원으로 사용하여 왔다. 이렇게 하므로서 치근하방에 식립할때 생기는 문제점인 수직 분력이 커지고 수평 분력이 작아지는 것을 방지하여 상악의 경우 적절한 후상방 교정력을 가할 수 있다 그리고 치조골에 상악의 경우 치아 장축에 대하여 30-40도의 각도로, 하악의 경우 10-20도의 각도로 식립하여 교정력의 방향을 전술한 바와 같이 수평방향으로 바꾸고 긴 Micro-implant를 치근 손상의 위험성을 줄이며 식립하여 안정도를 높일 수 있었다. 그러나 Mciro-implant를 치근사이 치조골에 식립하는데 기준이 되는 어떠한 연구도 이루어 지지 않았다. 본 연구는 Micro-implant식립에 기준이 되는 즉 치근 손상 없이 비교적 안전하게 식립할 수 있는 부위의 선택을 위한 근거 자료를 얻기 위하여 시행되었다. 21명 환자를 대상으로 치조골로부터 5-7mm에 해당하는 CT 절단면을 선택하여 피질골의 두께, 피질골 표면과 치근과의 거리, 치근사이의 거리등을 측정하였다. 각 부위별 피질골의 두께, 골 표면과 치근사이의 거리, 인접 치근사이의 거리등을 구하였다. .피질골의 두께는 전치부에서 구치부로 이행할수록 두꺼웠다. 특히 하악골 구치부에서 가장 두꺼웠다. 인접 치근 사이의 거리 계측 항목에서 상악에서는 제2소구치와 제 1대구치사이, 하악에서는 제 1대구치와 제 2대구치 사이에서 가장 큰 값을 보였다.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.148-169
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• 1994

The concept of biologic attachment of load-bearing implants has developed over the past decades as an alternative to the difficulties associated with long term implantation using mechanical fixation and bone cement. The choice of implant material is also as critical an element as site preparation or insertion procedure. The properties of implants that affect host tissue responses are not limited to chemical composition alone, but also include shape, surface characteristics, site of implantation, and mechanical interaction with host tissues. Initial mechanical interlocking prevents micromotion and may be a prerequisite for direct bone apposition. A hard tightening of screws does not necessarily mean a stronger fixation and final tightening of the fixtures is dependent on the experience of the operator. Removal torque is lower than insertion torque. The purpose of this study was to investigate differences in the removal torques at the bone-implant interface of polished and sandblasted Titanium. This experiment will give insight into important factors that must be considered when interpreting in vivo screwing forces on implants during the connection of the transmucosal abutments. We evaluated the significance of different surface textures by comparison of the withdrawal forces necessary for removal of otherwise identical rough and polished implants of Titanium and also evaluated interfacial response on the light microscopic level to implant surface. And the priority of the area of insertion on osseointegration were evaluated. 9 Titanium implants - among them, 3 were for the developmental - of either a smooth or rough surface finish were inserted in the dog mandible in the right side. 3 months later Kanon Torque Gauge was used to unscrew the implants. The results were as follows : 1. No significant difference was seen in the removal torque due to variation in surface treatment, 23 Ncm for the sandblasted and 23.33 Ncm for the polished surface (p>0.05). 2. Implants in the anterior (25 Ncm) mandible showed better resistance to unscrewing in comparison to ones in the posterior (18 Ncm) region (p<0.05). 3. Developmental fixtures (22 Ncm) had similar pullout strength to the control group (p>0.05).

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.673-691
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• 2003

The current interest in periodontal tissue regeneration has lead to research in bone graft, root surface treatments, guided-tissue regeneration, and the administration of growth factors as possible means of regenerating lost periodontal tissue. Several studies have shown that a strong correlation between platelet-rich plasma and the stimulation of remodeling and remineralization of grafted bone exists, resulting in a possible increase of 15-30% in the density of bone trabeculae. The purpose of this study was to study the histopathological correlation between the use of platelet-rich plasma and a bone xenograft used in conjunction with a non-resorbable guided-tissue membrane, e-PTFE, compared to a control group with regards to bone regeneration at the implant fixture site. Implant fixtures were inserted and graft materials placed into the left femur of in the experimental group, while the control group received only implant fixtures. In the first experimental group, platelet-rich plasma and BBP xenograft were placed at the implant fixture site, and the second experimental group had platelet-rich plasma, BBP xenograft, and the e-PTFE membrane placed at the fixture site. The degree of bone regeneration adjacent to the implant fixture was observed and compared histopathologically at 2 , 4, and 8 weeks after implant fixture insertion. The results of the experiment are as follows: 1. The rate of osseointegration to the fixture threads was found to be greater in the first experimental group compared to the control group. 2. The histopathological findings of the second experimental group showed rapid resorption of BBP with subsequent new bone formation replacing the resorbed BBP. 3. The second experimental group showed new bone formation in the area adjacent to the fixture threads beginning two weeks after fixture implantation, with continued bone remodeling in the areas mesial and distal to the fixture. 4. Significant new bone formation and bone remodeling was observed in both experimental groups near the implant fixture sites. 5. The rate of osseointegration at the fixture threads was greater in the second experimental group compared to the first group, and the formation of new bone and trabeculae around the fixture site occurred after the fourth week in the second experimental group. The results of the experiment suggest that a greater degree of new bone formation and osseointegration can occur at the implant fixture site by utilizing platelet-rich plasma and bone xenografts, and that these effects can be accelerated and enhanced by concurrent use of a non-resorbable guided tissue membrane.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.383-399
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• 2005

The successful implantation necessitate tissue regeneration m site of future implant placement, there being severe bone defect. Therapeutic approaches to tissue regeneration in the site have used bone grafts, root surface treatments, barrier membranes, and growth factors, the same way being applied to periodontal tissue regeneration. Great interest in periodontal tissue regeneration has lead to research in bone graft, guided-tissue regeneration, and the administration of growth factors as possible means of regenerating lost periodontal tissue. The blood component separated by centrifuging the blood is the platelet-rich plasma. There are growth factors, PDGF, $TGF{beta}1$, $TGF{beta}2$ and IGF in the platelet-rich plasma. The purpose of this study was to study the histopathological correlation between the use of platelet-rich plasma and the healing of bone defect around implant fixture site. Implant fixtures were inserted and graft materials were placed into the left femur of in the experimental group, while the control group received only implant fixtures. In the first experimental group, platelet-rich plasma and BBP xenograft were placed at the implant fixture site, and the second experimental group had platelet-rich plasma, BBP xenograft, and the e-PTFE membrane placed at the fixture site. The degree of bone regeneration adjacent to the implant fixture was observed and compared histopathologically at 2, 4, and 8 weeks after implant fixture insertion. The results of the experiment were as follows: 1. Bone remodeling in acid etched surface near the implant fixture of all experimental groups was found to be greater than new bone formation. 2. Bone remodeling in acid etched surface distant to the implant fixture of all experimental groups was decreased and new bone formation was not changed. 3. Significant new bone formation in machined surface near the implant fixture of bothl experimental groups was observed in 2 weeks. 4. New bone formation in machined surface distant to the implant fixture of both experimental groups was observed. Bone remodeling was significant in near the implant fixture and not in distant to the implant fixture. The results of the experiment suggested that the change of bone formation around implant. Remodeling in machined surface distant to the implant fixture of both experimental groups, and new bone formation and remodeling near the implant fixture were significant.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.294-301
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to assess the effectiveness of beta-tricalciumphosphate (${\beta}$-TCP) as a bone graft material on new bone formation and regeneration of mandible bone defect around dental implants. Methods: Both mandibular sites of ten rabbits were exposed. The experimental subjects were divided into two groups. Rabbits in the control group (right site of the mandible) had dental implants around cortical bone defects, without treatment, while, in the experimental group (left site of the mandible), ${\beta}$-TCP was grafted into the bone defect around the implant. Rabbits were sacrificed after one, two, three, four, and eight weeks, and histomorphometric evaluation and analysis of the bone implant contact rate were performed using an optical microscope. Results: Bone formation rates in the experimental group were greater than those in the control group from one to eight weeks, and percentages of implant surface contacted to bone were greater in the experimental group than in the control group from three weeks after implantation. Conclusion: These results suggest that the bone formation activity around dental implants was increased by osteoconduction activity of ${\beta}$-TCP.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.194-200
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• 2015

Background Surgical site infections (SSIs) result in significant patient morbidity following immediate tissue expander breast reconstruction (ITEBR). This study determined a single institution's 30-day SSI rate and benchmarked it against that among national institutions participating in the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP). Methods Women who underwent ITEBR with/without acellular dermal matrix (ADM) were identified using the ACS-NSQIP database between 2005 and 2011. Patient characteristics associated with the 30-day SSI rate were determined, and differences in rates between our institution and the national database were assessed. Results 12,163 patients underwent ITEBR, including 263 at our institution. SSIs occurred in 416 (3.4%) patients nationwide excluding our institution, with lower rates observed at our institution (1.9%). Nationwide, SSIs were significantly more common in ITEBR patients with ADM (4.5%) compared to non-ADM patients (3.2%, P=0.005), and this trend was observed at our institution (2.1% vs. 1.6%, P=1.00). A multivariable analysis of all institutions identified age ${\geq}50$ years (odds ratio [OR], 1.4; confidence interval [CI], 1.1-1.7), body mass index ${\geq}30kg/m^2$ vs. < $25kg/m^2$ (OR, 3.4; CI, 2.6-4.5), and operative time >4.25 hours (OR, 1.9; CI, 1.5-2.4) as risk factors for SSIs. Our institutional SSI rate was lower than the nationwide rate (OR, 0.4; CI, 0.2-1.1), although this difference was not statistically significant (P=0.07). Conclusions The 30-day SSI rate at our institution in patients who underwent ITEBR was lower than the nation. SSIs occurred more frequently in procedures involving ADM both nationally and at our institution.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제26권11호
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• pp.1908-1917
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• 2016

Wild strain L-6 was subjected to combined mutagenesis, including UV irradiation, atmospheric and room temperature plasma, and ion beam implantation, to increase the yield of 1,3-dihydroxyacetone (DHA). With application of a high-throughput screening method, mutant Gluconobacter oxydans I-2-239 with a DHA productivity of 103.5 g/l in flask-shake fermentation was finally obtained with the starting glycerol concentration of 120 g/l, which was 115.7% higher than the wild strain. The cultivation time also decreased from 54 h to 36 h. Compared with the wild strain, a dramatic increase in enzyme activity was observed for the mutant strain, although the increase in biomass was limited. DNA and amino acid sequence alignment revealed 11 nucleotide substitutions and 10 amino acid substitutions between the sldAB of strains L-6 and I-2-239. Simulation of the 3-D structure and prediction of active site residues and PQQ binding site residues suggested that these mutations were mainly related to PQQ binding, which was speculated to be favorable for the catalyzing capacity of glycerol dehydrogenase. RT-qPCR assay indicated that the transcription levels of sldA and sldB in the mutant strain were respectively 4.8-fold and 5.4-fold higher than that in the wild strain, suggesting another possible reason for the increased DHA productivity of the mutant strain.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.11-50
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• 2023

As the field of interventional pain management (IPM) grows, the risk of surgical site infections (SSIs) is increasing. SSI is defined as an infection of the incision or organ/space that occurs within one month after operation or three months after implantation. It is also common to find patients with suspected infection in an outpatient clinic. The most frequent IPM procedures are performed in the spine. Even though primary pyogenic spondylodiscitis via hematogenous spread is the most common type among spinal infections, secondary spinal infections from direct inoculation should be monitored after IPM procedures. Various preventive guidelines for SSI have been published. Cefazolin, followed by vancomycin, is the most commonly used surgical antibiotic prophylaxis in IPM. Diagnosis of SSI is confirmed by purulent discharge, isolation of causative organisms, pain/tenderness, swelling, redness, or heat, or diagnosis by a surgeon or attending physician. Inflammatory markers include traditional (C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and white blood cell count) and novel (procalcitonin, serum amyloid A, and presepsin) markers. Empirical antibiotic therapy is defined as the initial administration of antibiotics within at least 24 hours prior to the results of blood culture and antibiotic susceptibility testing. Definitive antibiotic therapy is initiated based on the above culture and testing. Combination antibiotic therapy for multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria infections appears to be superior to monotherapy in mortality with the risk of increasing antibiotic resistance rates. The never-ending war between bacterial resistance and new antibiotics is continuing. This article reviews prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of infection in pain medicine.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.62-68
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• 2015

PURPOSE. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the amount of reosseointegration after counter torquing (reverse torque) and transposing the installed implants at different times. MATERIALS AND METHODS. This study was done on ten tibiae of five cross-bred dogs. At the first day one implant was installed in each tibia. After one week half of the implants were randomly counter torqued (1WCT) and the other half were explanted and reimplanted in a new juxtaposition site (transposed)(1WT). At the same time three new implants were installed in each dog, one of them was considered as one week control (1WC) and remaining two as 8 week groups (8WCT&8WT). After eight weeks the 1WCT and 1WT implants were loosened by counter torque and the quantity of needed force for liberation was measured with the digital device (BGI). At the same time one implant was installed in each dog as eight week control (8WC) and the same protocol was repeated for 8 week groups after another 8 weeks. RESULTS. All implants were osseointegrated. Mean quantities of osseointegration in case groups indicated better amounts rather than control groups. CONCLUSION. Counter torque or transposition of the installed implants one week or eight weeks after the implantation did lead to osseointegration.