• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.42-47
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• 2004

Metallic glasses are amorphous meta-stable solids and are now being processed in bulk form suitable for structural applications including impact. Bulk metallic glasses have many unique mechanical properties such as high yield strength and fracture toughness, good corrosion and wear resistance that distinguish them from crystalline metals and alloys. However, only a few studies could be found mentioning the dynamic response and damage of metallic glasses under impact or shock loading. In this study, we employed a small explosive detonator for the dynamic indentation on a Zr-based bulk amorphous metal in order to evaluate the damage behavior of bulk amorphous metal under impact loading. These results were compared with those of spherical indentation under quasi-static and impact loading. The interface bonded specimens were adopted to observe the appearances of subsurface damage induced during indentation under different loading conditions.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.397-416
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• 2020

Investigations of the commercial aircraft impact effect on nuclear island infrastructures have been drawing extensive attention, and this paper aims to perform the safety assessment of Generation III nuclear power plant (NPP) buildings subjected to typical commercial aircrafts crash. At present Part II, based on the verified finite element (FE) models of aircrafts Airbus A320 and A380, as well as the NPP containment and auxiliary buildings in Part I of this paper, the whole collision process is reproduced numerically by adopting the coupled missile-target interaction approach with the finite element code LS-DYNA. The impact induced damage of NPP plant under four impact locations of containment (cylinder, air intake, conical roof and PCS water tank) and two impact locations of auxiliary buildings (exterior wall and roof of spent fuel pool room) are evaluated. Furthermore, by considering the inner structures in the containment and raft foundation of NPP, the structural vibration analyses are conducted under two impact locations (middle height of cylinder, main control room in the auxiliary buildings). It indicates that, within the discussed scenarios, NPP structures can withstand the impact of both two aircrafts, while the functionality of internal equipment on higher floors will be affected to some extent under impact induced vibrations, and A380 aircraft will cause more serious structural damage and vibrations than A320 aircraft. The present work can provide helpful references to assess the safety of the structures and inner equipment of NPP plant under commercial aircraft impact.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제53권9호
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• pp.3085-3099
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• 2021

Investigations of large commercial aircraft impact effect on nuclear power plant (NPP) buildings have been drawing extensive attentions, particularly after the 9/11 event, and this paper aims to numerically assess the damage and vibrations of NPP buildings subjected to aircrafts crash. In Part I of present paper, two shots of reduce-scaled model test of aircraft impact on NPP were conducted based on the large rocket sled loading test platform. In the present part, the numerical simulations of both scaled and prototype aircraft impact on NPP buildings are further performed by adopting the commercial program LS-DYNA. Firstly, the refined finite element (FE) models of both scaled aircraft and NPP models in Part I are established, and the model impact test is numerically simulated. The validities of the adopted numerical algorithm, constitutive model and the corresponding parameters are verified based on the experimental NPP model damages and accelerations. Then, the refined simulations of prototype A380 aircraft impact on a hypothetical NPP building are further carried out. It indicates that the NPP building can totally withstand the impact of A380 at a velocity of 150 m/s, while the accompanied intensive vibrations may still lead to different levels of damage on the nuclear related equipment. Referring to the guideline NEI07-13, a maximum acceleration contour is plotted and the shock damage propagation distances under aircraft impact are assessed, which indicates that the nuclear equipment located within 11.5 m from the impact point may endure malfunction. Finally, by respectively considering the rigid and deformable impacts mainly induced by aircraft engine and fuselage, an improved Riera function is proposed to predict the impact force of aircraft A380.

• Composites Research
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.21-27
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• 2007

복합재 보강판에 영구히 부착된 배열 압전 능동 센서를 사용하여 저속 충격 손상을 탐지하였다. 압전 능동센서를 사용하여 구조에 램파를 전파시키기 위한 다양한 진단신호를 생성하였으며, 손상으로 인한 구조 진동의 특성 변화를 탐지하기 위하여 그 응답을 측정하였다. 이 신호 변화 특징을 한 개의 손상 지수로 표현하기 위하여 3가지 알고리즘-ADI(Active Damage Interrogation), TD RMS (Time Domain Root Mean Square), STFT(Short Time Fourier Transform) -이 검토되었다. 손상 탐지시험을 수행하여, 사용한 기법과 진단신호로 저속 충격으로 인한 두 개의 층간분리를 탐지하였으며, 그 위치를 추정하였다.

• Structural Monitoring and Maintenance
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.87-100
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• 2024

Traffic-induced vibrations (TIVs) possess the potential to induce structural damage in both historical and critical edifices. Recent investigations have underscored the adverse impact of TIVs within buildings, manifesting as a deleterious influence on the quality of life and operational efficiency of occupants. Consequently, these studies have dichotomized TIVs into two primary limit categories: the threshold for vibrations capable of causing structural damage and the limit values associated with human comfort. In this current research endeavor, an exhaustive analysis of peak ground acceleration (PGA), peak ground velocity (PGV), peak ground displacement (PGD), and the frequency spectrum of ground motions originating from diverse traffic sources has been conducted. Furthermore, the detrimental repercussions of these vibrations on structures, gauged through the assessment of the peak particle velocity (PPV) parameter, have been systematically evaluated. The findings of this study elucidate that TIVs within the examined structures do not attain magnitudes conducive to structural compromise; however, the levels surpassing human comfort limits are evident, attributable to specific sources and distances. Moreover, this investigation sheds light on the absence of comprehensive criteria and guidelines pertaining to the assessment of TIVs in structures within the Turkish Building Seismic Design Code 2018. It seeks to raise awareness among building constructors about the critical importance of addressing this issue, emphasizing the imperative for guidelines in mitigating the impact of TIVs on both structural integrity and human well-being.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.99-110
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• 2023

When a fire accident accompanied by an explosion occurs, the surrounding firewalls are affected by impact and thermal loads. Damaged firewalls due to accidental loads may not fully perform their essential function. Therefore, this paper proposes an advanced methodology for evaluating the fire resistance performance of firewalls damaged by explosions. The fragments were assumed to be scattered, and fire occurred as a vehicle exploded in a large compartment of a roll-on/roll-off (RO-RO) vessel. The impact velocity of the fragments was calculated based on the TNT equivalent mass corresponding to the explosion pressure. Damage and thermal-structural response analyses of the firewall were performed using Ansys LS-DYNA code. The fire resistance reduction was analyzed in terms of the temperature difference between fire-exposed and unexposed surfaces, temperature increase rate, and reference temperature arrival time. The degree of damage and the fire resistance performance of the firewalls varied significantly depending on impact loads. When naval ships and RO-RO vessels that carry various explosive substances are designed, it is reasonable to predict that the fire resistance performance will be degraded according to the explosion characteristics of the cargo.

• 한국지반신소재학회논문집
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.39-52
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• 2019

In this paper the development and implementation of an artificial intelligence (AI)-based Tunnelling Impact prediction and assessment program (SKKU-iTunnel) is presented. Program predicts tunnelling induced surface settlement and groundwater drawdown by utilizing well trained ANNs and uses these predicted values to perform the damage assessment likely to occur in nearby structures and pipelines/utilities for a given tunnel problem. Generalised artificial neural networks (ANNs) were trained, to predict the induced parameters, through databases generated by combining real field data and numerical analysis for cases that represented real field conditions. It is shown that program equipped with carefully trained ANN can predict tunnel impact assessments and perform damage assessments quiet efficiently and comparable accuracy to that of numerical analysis. This paper describes the idea and implementation details of the SKKU-iTunnel with an example for demonstration.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.62-67
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• 2011

모의 낙뢰시험에 의해 충격손상을 입은 탄소섬유강화플라스틱(CFRP) 복합재료의 잔류압축강도를 평가하는 시험(CAI) 중 손상부의 거동을 음향방출(AE)법으로 관찰하였다. CFRP 시편은 ITO 나노입자를 탄소섬유에 직접 코팅한 CFRP prepreg를 이용하여 만들었고, 모의 낙뢰시험은 고전압 대전류 인가장치(ICG)를 이용하여 시편에 10~40 kA의 충격파 전류를 인가하여 실시하였다. ITO 나노입자 코팅의 효과와 인가전류의 세기에 따른 손상영역의 크기와 잔류압축강도를 AE 거동과 연관하여 평가하였다. 손상영역의 크기는 초음파 C-scan 영상을 이용하여 측정하였으며, AE events 수와 AE event가 발생하기 시작할 때의 압축응력 수준을 연관시킨 결과 ITO 나노입자 코팅 CFRP의 경우 상대적으로 손상이 작고 훨씬 높은 용력수준에서 AE가 발생하기 시작하였다. CAI시험 중 AE측정은 실제로 낙뢰손상을 입은 복합재 동체 구조물의 손상된 정도를 구별하는 데 유용한 지표로 활용될 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.179-186
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• 2012

The potential hazards resulting from a low-velocity impact(bird-strike, tool drop, runway debris, etc.) on aircraft structures, such as engine nacelle or leading edges has been a long-term concern to the aircraft industry. Certification authorities require that exposed aircraft components must be tested to prove their capability to withstand low-velocity impact without suffering critical damage. In most of the past research studies unloaded specimens have been used for impact tests, however, in reality it is much more likely that a composite structure is exposed to a certain stress state when it is being impacted, which can have a significant effect on the impact performance. And the radiated impact sound induced by impact is analyzed for the damage detection evaluation. In this study, an investigation was undertaken to evaluate the effect in-plane loading on the impact force and sound of composite laminates numerically.

• Composites Research
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.22-32
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• 2001

유한한 곡률을 가진 적층복합재 구조의 저속충격손상을 평가하기 위하여 곡률반경이 각각 50, 150, 300, 500 mm인 쉘 형태의 시편을 CFRP로 제작하여 충격실험을 행하고, 충격거동과 충격손상을 평판의 경우와 비교하여 고찰하였다. 실험결과는 비선형 유한요소해석의 결과와 비교하였다. 충격손상의 평가를 위해 충격거동을 측정한 결과 강성과 곡률반경이 쉘의 동적 충격거동에 큰 영향을 미치는 것을 확인하였으며, 충격거동과 충격손상은 밀접한 상호관계가 있으므로 구조의 곡률반경을 독립변수로 선정하여 충격손상을 평가하였다. 곡률반경이 감소하면서 복합재 쉘에는 동일한 충격조건에서 더 큰 최대 접촉력이 발생하였고, 가장 곡률이 심한 곡률반경 50 mm의 쉘에서는 평판의 약 1.5배에 이르는 최대 접촉력을 나타내었다. 따라서 동일한 충격조건 하에서 곡률반경 50 mm의 쉘에서는 평판의 경우보다 약 2.7때정도 더 큰 층간분리가 내부에 발생하였으며, 층간분리의 분포 또한 평판의 경우와는 달리 충격면에 가까운 계면에도 광범위하게 발생하는 경향이 곡륜반경이 감소할수록 더욱 현저하였다. 이는 곡률을 가진 구조가 평판 구조보다 손상저항성이 더 작은 것을 의미하므로 복합재료 설계 시 구조의 기하학적 형상을 반드시 고려하여야 한다.