• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.62-69
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• 2008

The life cycle assessment method for environmental impact assessment was used, in this study, to assess the production process of wheat flour which is the most important material in the food industry. Environmental impact assessments were compared between that of the Ministry of Environment, Republic of Korea (method I) with that of the Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy (method II). Life cycle inventories (LCI) was performed using internal and external databases and the production statistics database of company S. The procedure of life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) was followed in terms of classification, characterization, normalization and weighting to identify the key issues. The impact categories of method I were divided into 8 categories with consideration of : abiotic resources depletion, global warming, ozone depletion, photochemical oxidant creation, acidification and eutrophication. The impact categories of method II were divided into 10 categories with consideration of: abiotic resources depletion, global warming, ozone depletion, photochemical oxidant creation, acidification, eutrophication, human toxicity, freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity, marine aquatic ecotoxicity and terrestrial ecotoxicity.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.38 no.10
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• pp.1125-1131
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• 2014

This work presents a vulnerability assessment procedure for a complex structure using vibration characteristics. The structural behavior of a three-dimensional framed structure subjected to impact forces was predicted using the spectral element method. The Timoshenko beam function was applied to simulate the impact wave propagations induced by a high-velocity projectile at relatively high frequencies. The interactions at the joints were analyzed for both flexural and longitudinal wave propagations. Simulations of the impact energy transfer through the entire structure were performed using the transient displacement and acceleration responses obtained from the frequency analysis. The kill probabilities of the crucial components for an operating system were calculated as a function of the predicted acceleration amplitudes according to the acceptable vibration levels. Following the proposed vulnerability assessment procedure, the vulnerable positions of a three-dimensional combat vehicle with high possibilities of damage generation of components by impact loading were identified from the estimated vibration responses.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.129-150
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• 2011

This paper proposes an improvement to differentiate assessment procedure for projects in consideration of their environmental impact as a means to improve efficiency in environmental impact assessment ("EIA") procedure. The targets of analysis were limited to lower impact projects. The current EA system in Korea has already attempted to introduce separate proceedings for certain projects.Tangible results from these efforts, however, have been limited. Other countries have adopted a "screening" system to determine whether EIA is applicable to a particular project, and if so, what procedure will be used therein. Therefore, this study suggests the screening as the process wherein need for EIA is determined with respect to projects which have undergone Prior Environmental Review System(PERS) and which appear to have comparatively negligible environmental impact. In this case, EIA can be omitted and the developer can then draft a mitigation plan instead. This study found that exempting certain projects deemed as having low environmental impact can considerably shorten the duration required for both environmental assessment and consultation, thereby improving efficiency. Other expected effects from the adoption of this screening include reduction in delays in project execution due to environmental assessments and reduced red tape through the provision of increased autonomy to developers and the approving authorities.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.331-343
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• 2017

The important changes in water environment management in Korea can be summarized as the enactment of Act on the Integrated Control of Pollutant-Discharging Facilities. Therefore water quality impact assessment should be reexamined and be revised. This study examines the present water quality impact assessment items (permissible discharge limits, standards for effluent water quality including Total Pollutant Load Management System) and considers the land use regulation for water quality conservation and NVZs(Nitrate Vulnerable Zones of EU and England). It also considers lately adopted standards(maximum discharge standards, permissible discharge standards, and marginal discharge standards etc) based on Act on the Integrated Control of Pollutant-Discharging Facilities and then compares Korean BAT and its counterpart control technology of U.S.A. And it also compares the items of water quality impact assessment with those of Integrated Control of Pollutant-Discharging Facilities, based on EIS reporting items. This study suggests five improvement measures for water quality impact assessment. First reflection of discharge impact analysis on impact prediction and assessment, second reflection of permissible discharge standards on agreed standards in the EIA procedure, third, reflection of diversified BAT on mitigation measures in the EIA procedure, forth introduction of land use regulation such as NVZs, finally strengthening linkage between water quality items and land use items etc.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.250-264
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• 2022

The development projects subject to health impact assessment (HIA) in the current environmental impact assessment (EIA) system are limited to some projects under Article 12 of the Enforcement Decree of the Environmental Health Act (Additional Assessment Objects Subject to Health Impact Assessment Items), but health impact-related matters are being evaluated and reviewed during consultation. In particular, when a development site is planned around some pollutant sources in a residential development plan, it is evaluated and reviewed whether the site meets the risk criteria through a current concentration survey of major hazardous air pollutants. This study prepared a quantitative method to confirm the validity of the location of the residential area to be developed in the residential development plan and proposed a plan to expand the project subject to HIA within the EIA procedure. A detailed methodology was proposed by reviewing the screening and scoping procedures of the EIA system, and a case analysis of the urban development plan discussed in the past was conducted to verify the methodology.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.41-47
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• 1993

During the last years it became more and more difficult to deal with environmental conflicts using traditional political instruments in industrialized countries. One reason for the occurring problems might be the citizens' awareness of scarceness of nature. Another reason might be the changing legislation with the introduction of the environmental impact assessment (EIA) as an integral part of a project's licensing procedure. The EIA offers new possibilities for citizens to interfere in decision processes and to obstruct projects. The changing situation requires new instruments for conflict solving. Mediation may be considered an alternative or completion to the traditional political instruments. It is a systematic strategy for conflict treatment and. with the support of an independent mediator, allows to reach an agreement among all parties involved. Mediation may be introduced in the EIA One possibility offers the scoping date, which, if the participation of the public is assured, might avoid heavy disputes in the further process. Another connection between the instrument of mediation and the EIA could be the use of the environmental impact study (EIS) as information background for a mediation process. EIA would then be source of information about all environmental aspects. Thus the role of EIA would be extended to being a part of conflict analysis in the alternative dispute resolution process.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.30 no.8
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• pp.647-658
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• 2021

Jeju Special Self-Governing Province has implemented a self-governing environmental impact assessment system (Jeju-EIAS) in recognition of its autonomy. In this study, the institutional features of Jeju-EIAS were examined by analyzing the development projects whose consultation under Jeju-EIAS were completed from 1994 to 2019. The consultation procedure of Jeju-EIAS, such as the actual operation of Review Committee for Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), the consent of the provincial council, and the regular follow-up activities for the implementation of EIA consultations, has been implemented differently from those of other metropolitan cities and provinces. Under Jeju-EIAS, types of development projects subject to consultation on EIA also take into account local conditions, and include the construction of aquarium basin and building. In addition, provisions concerning the scale of development projects is strengthened above the Korean Environmental Impact Assessment Act (EIA Act).

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.19 no.4 s.54
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• pp.34-47
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• 2004

Although Environmental Impact Assessment(EIA) in Korea has been improved markedly over the past two decades, by enlarging the range of projects for assessment, instituting pub lic participation and environmental monitoring, and similar measures, it remains deficient in its coverage of human health in Environmental Impact Statements(EISs). Health Impact Assessment(HIA) can supply the necessary correctives. HIA is a combination of procedures, methods and tools by which a policy, programme, projects or legislative procedure may be judged for its potential effects on the health of a population, and the distribution of these effects within it. The principle of health protection is, however, established as a primary concern in EIA processes, in practice health is scarcely mentioned or the discussion is limited to a description of effects through the biophysical environment. The whole range of possible effects on health, including those mediated by socio-economic factors is often ignored, and no effective mechanism are in place to successfully incorporating health criteria and expertise into environmental, assessment(EA) that include ElA, SEA. These are foremost among the current issues facing EIA in Korea.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.123-130
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• 1995

The equipment composed of many complicated electronic stuffs undergoes diverse stresses caused by mechanical vibrations during its service. Thus, to ensure its proper operation in the field a simulated vibration test has to be carried out in the laboratory with the Vibration Qualification Level, the test specification, which can include the real environment. In this paper we intent to deal with method and procedure for determining the Vibration Qualification Level so as to estimate the vibration-endurance for the equipment precisely.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.463-470
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• 2002

Environmental protection and precaution are the most frequently considered issues in the recent research fields for our present and future surroundings. However, it seems that these environmental issues were less reflected in local-level development plans, and caused several cases of environmental pollution, therefore it became a major concern of local governments and the communities. The role of a 'Local EIA(Environment Impact Assessment)' can be a core issue for the positive preferences of the local-level development plans. Cases of Local EIA in Germany which have been implied successfully are reviewed to generate a local EIA movement and to produce a guideline for Korean local governments. The local EIA in Germany was broadly commenced in the middle of 1980s, and a decade later it was carried out for over 200 of local governments. To produce a better suggestion for Korean local EIA, comparison and analysis of detail data of the German local EIA was carried out, and tested for fourteen cities in Korea based on five categories: i) assessment subject, ii) assessment procedure, iii) main office for assessment, iv) assessment factor and v) assessment standard. Prior suggestions for greater preference of local EIA in Korea are: it is necessary that I) launch of a support system in central government to help the movement of local government; Ⅱ) a knowledge-based expert group in local government which has by all means of exclusive responsibility far any action(new application or performance of local EIA) : 111) establishment of 'environmental protection measure' in local government level for environmental precaution based on individual environmental character and values in their communities.