• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.147-153
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• 2000

This study was conducted to compare probiotic activities and physiological functions of Bifidobacterium longum Mk-G7 with weveral commercial and type strains of bifidobacteria. bif. longum MK-G7 showed the highest acid tolerance against HCl and acetic acid, whereas bif. infantis Y-1 showed the lowest acid tolerance and more than 4 log cycles of viable cell count decreased due to acid injuty. Viable cell counts of bifidobacteria strains decreased more than 1.5 log cycles owing to oxygen toxicity, with the exception of Bif. longum MK-G7, Bif. infantis Y-2, Bif. longum Y-3, Bif. longum Y-6, and Bif. longum RD-13 showed the highest bile tolerance, whereas Bif. longum MK-G7 showed a medium level of bile tolerance. Only Bif. longum MK-G7 howed much higher antibiotic resistance against both tetracycline and penicillin-G in the MIC(minimum inhibitory concentration) level of 24.8 mg/I and 0.52mg/I, respectively. Bif longum Y-6, and Bif. bifidum ATCC 29539 showed more than 80% of anti-mutagenicity against NQO(4-nitroquinolinel-oxide). Since the production of cytokines such as $TNF(tumor necrosis factor)-{\alpha}$ and IL (interleukin)-6, and NO(nitric oxide) in the macrophage cell line Raw 264.7 cells increased as Bif. longum MK-G7 cell concentration increased, ti was suggested that Bif. longum MK-G7 is able to enhance immunopotentiating activity in vitro. When freeze-dred Bif. longum MK-G7 was administered to mice at the dose of 1,2,4, and 6 g/kg of body weight, all of the mice survived in all feeding groups, proving the GRAS(generally recognized as safe) status of Bif. longum MK-G7. When fermented milk containing Bif. longum MK-G7 was administered to human volunteers, viable cell count of total bifidobacteria and anaerobes in the feces increased up to 0.5 log cycles more than before the administration. In particular, Bif. logum MK-G7 ingibited the growth of Bacteroides at the level of 1.0-1.5 log cycles.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.111-117
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• 2017

The anti-cancer effects of Astragalus membranaceus (AM) and Adenophora triphylla var. japonica (AT) have been described. Each of their effects mainly focused on the immunopotentiating and apoptosis inducing-ability in several cancer cell lines. Although the combination of AM and AT is occasionally used in Chinese medicine to treat lung cancers, their synergistic effect has not been proved yet. This study was designed to verify whether AM combined with AT exhibits a synergistic anti-cancer effect in H1299 human lung carcinoma cells. The ethanol extracts of AM (EAM) and AT (EAT) showed only slight cytotoxicity in H1299 cells when treated alone. However, the combination of EAM and EAT markedly suppressed the cell growth measured by MTT assay and trypan blue counting assay. In addition, co-treatment of EAM with EAT significantly reduced the colony-forming ability compared with single treatment of EAM or EAT in H1299 cells. We demonstrated that the synergistic effect of AM and AT was related with apoptosis induction proved by an accumulation of chromatin condensation, annexin V-positive cells, sub-G1 phase population, and cleaved-PARP expression, which were not observed by single treatment of EAM or EAT. In conclusion, the combination of EAM and EAT exhibited superior anti-cancer activity in H1299 cells than single treatment of EAM or EAT. We suggest that EAM combined with EAT might be a novel therapeutic option for lung cancer patients, and provide a reference for the development of more effective combination of Chinese herbs to treat lung cancer.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.732-736
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• 2002

The immunostimulating activities of the hot-water extract from Codonopsis lanceolata were investigated. The proliferation of BSA-primed lymph node cells was enhanced between 2.8- to 11.2-fold compare to control, when cultured with 1 to $25\;{\mu}g/mL$ of C. lanceolata extract. It showed strong immunopotentiating activity than ginseng extract and as remarkable as Bifidobacterium adolescentis M101-4 known as a positive immunostimulator. The proliferation of splenocytes and Peyer's patch cells was enhanced between 4.2- to 13.8-fold and 3.1- to 6.9-fold, respectively, when cultured with 1 to 25 $25\;{\mu}g/mL$ of C. lanceolata extract. It enhanced the production of cytokines such as $TNF-{\alpha}$ and IL-6 in the culture of RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. In the culture of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells, production of cytokines was as compared to controls. In unstimulated RAW 264.7 cells, both $TNF-{\alpha}$ and IL-6 production were enhanced between 12.6- to 67.8-fold and 2.8- to 10.1-fold, respectively. The hot-water extract from C. lanceolata is expected to be a safe immunopotentiator to maintain the host immunity and develop a physiologically functional food.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.1-8
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• 2017

Objectives : Silkworm is known as immunomodulatory substances and contain various bioactive compounds such as serine, tyrosine and alanine. The aim of this study was to investigated the immunopotentiating activity of combine extract that silkworm and food materials (Eucommia ulmoides, Angelica gigas, Acanthopanax, Allium hookeri, Cinnamomum cassia, Liriope platyphylla, Curcuma longa, Achyranthes japonica, Alpinia oxyphylla, Adenophora triphylla). Methods : Among 10 kinds of food materials, to select food materials with the effect of enhancing the immune function mouse splenocyte proliferation ability was measured by 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-y]-2,5-diphenyl terazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Then, combine extract of silkworm and food materials were evaluated that mouse splenocyte proliferation ability by EZ-cytox cell viability assay. Morever, cytokines production such as IL-2, IL-4, IL10, IL12, $IFN-{\gamma}$ on mouse T lymphocyte stimulated with concanavalin A (ConA) was measured. Results : Eucommia ulmoides, Acanthopanax, Allium hookeri, Cinnamomum cassia, Liriope platyphylla has high proliferation ability of mouse splenocyte compared with Curcuma longa, Achyranthes japonica, Alpinia oxyphylla, Adenophora triphylla. The silkworm and food material combined extract has a relatively high proliferation ability of mouse splenocyte proliferation when the silkworm and food materials are used as a single material. In particularly, combined extract of silkworm and Cinnamomum cassia was stimulate cytokine production on T lymphocyte such as IL12, $IFN-{\gamma}$. Combined extract of silkworm and Liriope platyphylla was stimulate cytokine production on T lymphocyte such as IL2, IL4, IL10. Conclusion : In conclusion, the combined extract of the silkworm and Cinnamomum cassia or Liriope platyphylla may enhance immune function by regulating mouse splenocyte proliferation and stimulating cytokine production.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.353-366
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• 1992

This study was devised to purify the compound from tuna that have cytotoxic activities against various cancer cell lines and to observe its immunopotentiating activities. The cytotoxic compound was partially purified 277 fold, from petroleum ehter extract (crude extract) of tuna by silicic acid column chromatography (fraction D) and thin layer chromatography (Spot I). Cytotoxic activity was monitored using human colon cancer cell, HCT-48. The active compound (Spot I) was composed of seven materials which are fatty acids of four kinds ($C_{14:0},\;C_{16:0},\;C_{17:1},\;and\;C_{18:0}$) and unknown three fat materials. The active compound has cytotoxic activities against various cancer cell lines, that is, murine leukemic lymphocytes (L1210, P388) and human rectal (HRT-18) and colon cancer cells (HCT-48, HT-29). The patterns of size distribution of HCT-48 cells in the medium containing tuna extract were shifted to direction of the small size region. Also, the microscopic shape of HCT-48 cells were shrinked and distracted. The number of plaque forming cell and immunoglobin fraction of serum protein obtained from tuna-treated mice were increased, but natural killer cell activity was not affected.